Zikhusela iiprothini. Isakhiwo kunye nomsebenzi iiprothini

Iiproteni asisiseko zonke izinto eziphilayo. Ezi zinto ke icandelo inwebu yeseli, organelles, intlala, imisipha nolusu nezakhi carcinomas. Nangona kunjalo, i protective umsebenzi iiprotheni - enye yezinto ezibalulekileyo.

Iiproteni: iimpawu zezakhiwo

Kunye lipids, carbohydrate nangenucleic acids, proteni izinto eziphilayo ezenza isiseko eziphilileyo. Bonke - biopolymers zendalo. Ezi zinto zibekwe iqanjwa kweeyunithi kokuphindaphinda noshowo. Ewe kuthiwa monomers. Kuba iiproteni iiyunithi zezakhiwo ezinjalo acid. Ethungelanayo ndawonye, zakha macromolecule enkulu.

Amanqanaba lwamabala protein

Chain, eliquka asidi acid amabini kuyaba izakhiwo ezahlukeneyo. Ezi amanqanaba lwamabala okanye Ukumila le protini. Ubume lokuqala limelwe kubekho udederhu asidi acid. Xa ijijekileyo waziva, kukho aphakamileyo. Ukuma ephakamileyo kusenzeka Ukucofa conformations lwangaphambili libe yibhola okanye globule. Kodwa ke isakhiwo ilandelayo enzima - le koqeqesho. It iqulathe globules eziliqela.

iimpawu iiprotheni

Ukuba isakhiwo koqeqesho liwela osemqoka, ezizezi ngemixokelelwane asidi acid, ngoko kukho inkqubo ebizwa nokuguqulwa. Kuyinto ingathityazwa. Umqokozo asidi acid ekwaziyo kwakhona ukuba zenze isakhiwo ezimbaxa ngakumbi. Kodwa xa kukho yintshabalalo, oko kukuthi, ukutshatyalaliswa primary isakhiwo iproteni ukubuyisela ayinakwenzeka. Le nkqubo ayibuyiseki umva. Intshabalalo wenziwe, ngamnye kuthi, xa iimveliso thermally ukuqhubekekiswa equlathe protein - amaqanda, intlanzi, inyama.

Imisebenzi ye kwiiproteni: itafile

iimolekyuli protein mnogobrazny kakhulu. Oku kwenza uluhlu olubanzi lamathuba, ezo ngenxa ubume acid acid. Imisebenzi ye iiprotheni (itheyibhile iqulethe ingcaciso echaphazelekayo) i imeko ayimfuneko ubukho eziphilayo.

Zikhusela iiproteni ephilayo

Njengoko ubona, imisebenzi iiproteni zahlukahlukene kakhulu kwaye ezibalulekileyo intsingiselo yalo. Kodwa ngaye thina malunga omnye kubo. Zikhusela iiproteni umzimba ukuthintela kwii-izinto zasemzini, esinokubangela umonakalo elibalulekileyo umzimba. Ukuba oku kuyenzeka, iiprotheni ezizodwa bakwazi yokungenelela kuzo. Ezi abavikeli zibizwa ngokuba izilwa okanye immunoglobulins.

Inkqubo yokwakha amandla okukwazi

Nayo yonke imimoya emzimbeni wethu ukungena kwiintsholongwane. Bona angene egazini, apho aqale ukwanda ngamandla. Noko ke, endleleni yabo kukho imiqobo ebonakalayo. Le protein plasma - immunoglobulins okanye izilwa-buhlungu. Ba ezikhethekileyo yaye luphawulwa ukukwazi ukuqaphela yokungenelela emzimbeni kunye nesakhiwo izinto kwamanye amazwe. Ewe kuthiwa awakwazi. Ngoko kubonakala zikhusela iiproteni. Imizekelo yalo kunokongezwa ulwazi malunga interferon. Le protein ke ezinikezele ibhaqa iintsholongwane. Le nto nkqu sisiseko abaninzi iziyobisi immunostimulatory.

Ngenxa yobukho yomzimba protein yokhuselo unako ukuxhathisa amasuntswana izifo, ngamanye edala amajoni omzimba. Kunokuba iziphene okanye lufundiwe. Eyokuqala zonke izinto eyaziyo, ukususela kwixesha lokuzalwa, yaye ngaloo ndlela ubomi kunokwenzeka. A wathenga kuvela emva kokwenziswa zizifo ezahlukahlukeneyo esosulelayo.

ukhuseleko mechanical

Iiproteni sikhonza zikhusela, ekuthinteleni iiseli ngqo kunye nenyama nxamnye iimpembelelo mechanical. Umzekelo, kophahla of intlanzi iqokobhe ludlala indima, ngokuthembekileyo ekhusela wonke umxholo. Bone, intlala, izihlunu kwaye zenza isiseko umzimba, kwaye kuthintela kuphela umonakalo izicwili ezithambileyo kunye amalungu, kodwa ukuqinisekisa intshukumo yayo esithubeni.

egazi

Inkqubo ekunqandeni - nje ikwa zikhusela iiproteni. Kuyenzeka ngenxa yobukho iiseli ezikhethekileyo - ziiplatelets. Ukuba ezonakeleyo imithambo yegazi uwagqibe. Ngenxa yoko, plasma enyibilikayo Iprothini lwefibrinogen aguqulwa ukuba ifomu yalo ezingenakunyibilika - fibrin. Le yinkqubo enzymatic entsokothileyo, apho kwayo fibrin badla iyahlangana kwaye enze uthungelwano ashinyeneyo leyo ethintela ukuvuza igazi. Ngamanye amazwi, le ihlwili legazi okanye thrombus kwakhiwa. Le impendulo yokuzikhusela komzimba. Xa ubomi eqhelekileyo inkqubo ithatha ezona imizuzu elishumi. Kodwa izifo igazi incoagulability - kubazali bakhe, ochaphazela ubukhulu becala abantu, umntu ukuze sife nkqu enomqolo okungephi.

Noko ke, ukuba egazi igazi kwakheka ngaphakathi isitya igazi, kunokuba yingozi kakhulu. Kwezinye iimeko, nkqu kukhokelela ukuhlukumeza ingqibelelo yakhe yophela ngaphakathi. Kulo mzekelo, amachiza isincomo, phezu koko, igazi hedge.

ukhuseleko Chemical

Zikhusela iiproteni kubonakala ekulweni arhente yemichiza izifo. Kwaye iqala emlonyeni. Kanye ngayo, i reflex ukudla kuyamkhubekisa izinkcwe. Isiseko weli ngamanzi, enzayim anamathele polysaccharides kunye lysozyme. Yile into yokugqibela yokungenelela molekyuli eziyingozi, ukukhusela umzimba nokubhenca ngakumbi. Equlethwe kuwo, kwaye kwiinwebu iphecana emathunjini, kwaye kulwelo ukukrazuka, leyo ugeza i inwebu. Xa eninzi lysozyme kusenziwa ubisi lwebele, yencindi, ukuthetha kwam ngeempumlo kunye nezo amaqanda enkukhu.

Ngoko ke, lo msebenzi zikhusela kwiproteni ibonakalisiwe kakhulu lwaze amasuntswana iintsholongwane kwaye wentsholongwane egazini ephilayo. Ngenxa yoko, idala ubuchule ukuxhathisa izinto ezibangela izifo. Kwaye libizwa nezifo. Iiproteni ukuba amalungu skeleton lwangaphandle nangaphakathi, ukukhusela imixholo yangaphakathi umonakalo ngoomatshini. A izinto proteinaceous langoku ngamathe kunye nezinye iindawo, ukuthintela intshukumo-arhente kwemichiza emzimbeni. Ngamanye amazwi, zikhusela kwiproteni kukubonelela iimeko eziyimfuneko ukuze zonke iinkqubo ebalulekileyo.