Yobudala itshe

Ngethuba layo yamandulo yophuhliso, yathatha amawaka eminyaka, abaye baba ngamanqanaba amathathu. Inyathelo lokuqala amithe yamatye. Emva kwakhe, uluntu endangena ubhedu, uze emva koko ngelo lizayo iphakade yentsimbi. Inqanaba lokuqala yaba eqongeni elide. Kuyo abantu balo ukuvelisa izixhobo ezahlukeneyo kunye nezinto ezibe ithambo iingceba izilwanyana baze babambelele ngencam elibukhali. Kodwa kwafumaniseka ukuba ibe ilitye eside kakhulu. Le nto iye alawula iingcinga ookhokho bethu. Ngenxa yesi sizathu, eli xesha ubizwa ngokuba "yobudala ilitye."

Ixesha mde ekuphuhliseni uluntu yahlulwe ngezigaba ezithathu zakudala. Eyokuqala i-Old Stone Age (paleolith). Le yesibini - le Mesolithic. Kwakhona ngokuba kuMbindi Stone Age. Isigaba sesithathu - i Neolithic. Izazinzulu bathi kwi entsha Stone Age.

Stone Age Paleolithic era wasebenza ukususela ekuqaleni ngokuzalwa ekuhlaleni kwabantu ngewaka yeshumi BC. Yi vekeleke, izazinzulu amadoda yokuqala ukuvela ekweleenjiko ka-Afrika kunye South Asia. Waphuma phandle kwawo kwezinye iindawo zehlabathi. Ngeli xesha, le ndoda yinxalenye yehlabathi. Wayehlala kwi emiqolombeni, ukudala izizwe, ukubutha izityalo ezityiwayo othathe umdlalo omncinane. Izixhobo ukuloba, ezenziwe rock (obsidana, quartzite kunye lesilicon) agcinwa phantsi ukuba ukugaya kusombiwa. Kweli xesha emva Paleolithic liqulunqe okuloba. Umntu uye wafunda ukubaqhelisa ithambo, apho waba ngowokuqala ukuvelisa i mfanekiso.

Ngelo xesha kukho ingxaki kwezixhobo ngokuzingela, ukwakhiwa kwezindlu uzalelwa kwaye uqala ukuphuhlisa indlela entsha ekhaya. Ukuguga kwenkqubo yezizwe efunekayo ngpahmbi Wozisibekekisa zoluntu kwakudala. isakhiwo sayo inzima. Umntu uqala ukuphuhlisa intetho kunye nokucinga ekhuthaza ukwandiswa lwexa elizayo yakhe yengqondo nokwandisa ihlabathi ngokomoya. Kwaba kwi Paleolithic ekupheleni kuvele waza waqalisa nokuphuhlisa ubugcisa ye Stone Age. Umntu uye wafunda ukusebenzisa zombala kwezimbiwa zendalo ukuba ube imibala eqaqambileyo. Yena kahle iindlela ezintsha ezikuvumela ukusingatha ilitye ethambileyo kunye ithambo. Ezi ndlela wavula ithuba lokudlulisela kubo hlabathi ngaphandle nangokukrola kunye imikrolo. art Paleolithic kwahlukile transmission ubunyani ngokuphawulekayo unenyaniso yaye ukuthembeka kwimvelo.

Middle Stone Age okanye Mesolithic, yaqala ukususela yeshumi yaye yaphela kule nkulungwane BC wesithandathu. Eli nqanaba lophuhliso loluntu luphawulwa ekupheleni Ice Age. Ihlabathi esiphila uye waba efana mihla. Indoda kunye nobomi bakhe unenzondelelo iinguqu ezinkulu. Izizwe yaphela. Baye indawo kuluntu zesizwe, zimodareyithiwe amalungu aphezulu kakhulu abanamava. Lo mntu waqala ukwakha izindlu zabo besebenzisa kwimithi namatye eziphathekayo, emva kokushiya mqolomba. Ngomqondo asakhulayo ubuhle lubonakala uhombiso yantlandlolo, leyo ke zike igolide.

iinguqu ezinkulu zenziwa kwaye ukwenziwa amatye liphumeza iindlela. Kwakukho iintshengece neentolo ziloliwe nemikhonto. Ixesha Mesolithic Kwabonakala nasekuthwaseni yobugcisa, izilwanyana kunye nezolimo. It uye iinguqu ezinkulu, kwaye kwezobugcisa. Imifanekiso isicelo kwiindawo bako yamatye, intsimbi imele izigcawu ezahlukeneyo ukuzingela okanye nokugcina. Le ndoda, ngubani na zemizobo indawo esembindini Mesolithic, elilula, maxa wambi nkqu ngokohlobo uphawu. Peyinta umfanekiso ezimnyama kunye ebomvu.

Eyesithathu lokugqibela Stone Age - Neolithic ngangosuku yesithandathu ukuya BC yesithathu. Umntu uye wafunda ipolishi kwaye sanding izixhobo ezenziwe ngezinto ilitye, abazibandakanya kwezolimo kunye nezilwanyana ukulima umhlaba. Kwakukho ubumba. Ukusuka kudongwe ukuya impahla ezahlukeneyo kunye nezitya. Ukukhula kunye nokudityaniswa kutshatwa ezininzi yaba yimfuneko ukulungiselela ukuvela zezizwe.