Yintoni imeko-bume esiswini, kwaye izinga aphambuke

Ekugayeni - yinkqubo komzimba multistage entsonkothileyo ngexesha apho ukutya (umthombo wamandla kunye nezondlo umzimba), bamkelwa wokugaya, ivavanywa unyango ngoomatshini kunye imichiza.

Ingakumbi inkqubo ukugaywa

Ekugayeni ibandakanya mechanical (ilele nokutshixiza) kunye ri imithi. Inkqubo imichiza iquka inani izigaba ezilandelelanayo kokusasaza izinto ezintsonkothileyo ukuba izinto ezilula, ezithi ke ngoko bafakwe egazini.

Ivela ne nxaxheba imbopheleleko yenu enzayim ukukhawulezisa iinkqubo emzimbeni. Le ehlanganisa eziveliswa yi amadlala yokucola ukutya kunye inxalenye ayo secreted ngabo. enzyme Imfundo ixhomekeke kuhlobo esiphakathi esiswini, kwisisu ngomlomo kunye nezinye iinxalenye wokugaya icwangcisiwe ngexesha elinye okanye elinye.

Bephumelele emlonyeni, pharynx kunye kuvuleke iminxunya, ukutya kuya esiswini njenge umxube amazinyo elulwelo kunye kwamaqondo eparticulate eziqinileyo. Lo mxube wayephantsi kweempembelelo yejusi esiswini zibe ubunzima ulwelo and semi-ulwelo leyo ixutywe ngenxa kweendonga peristalsis. Okulandelayo kufika duodenum, apho ezinye enzymes processing.

Indlela emi ngayo ukutya kuxhomekeke apho eliphakathi emlonyeni kunye nesisu lusekiwe. Ngokwesiqhelo, em- bume ngomlomo alkalescent. incindi yeziqhamo kwaye zinciphisa pH zomlomo ulwelo (3.0) kunye nokusekwa kwe-bume asidi. Iimveliso eziqulathe Ammonium kunye urea (menthol, itshizi, amandongomane), ematheni inokukhokelela ukusabela obrak (pH 8,0).

Ubume esiswini

Isisu - ilungu umngxuma apho ukutya igcinwe, ngokomkhethe kwetyiswe kwaye ithathe. Ilungu ise kwisiqingatha eliphezulu kwisisu. Ukuba ukrwele umgca nkqo nge inkaba kunye iimbambo, malunga 3/4 we esiswini ukuya ngasekhohlo kwayo. Xa abadala, ivolyum nesisu-avareji neelitha 2-3. Ngoxa kokudla izixa ezikhulu ukutya likhula, kwaye ukuba abantu yindlala - lifinyele.

Imilo ye esiswini ungahluka ngokungqinelana ukutya kwayo nokuzaliswa kunye neegesi kwakunye ngokuxhomekeke ngobume amalungu angabamelwane: nepancreas, isibindi, emathunjini. Imilo ye esiswini kwaye zichaphazela nethoni kweendonga zayo.

Nesisu yinxalenye ende lokugaya. Xa nomnyango umsipha sphincter (umba pyloric) - ISahlulo ulahlekile ukutya ukusuka kuvuleke iminxunya kungena esiswini. Icandelo, kufutshane kwindawo komnyango kuvuleke iminxunya, ebizwa inhliziyo. Ukuya ngasekhohlo lwakhe ezantsi esiswini. Indawo ephakathi ubizwa ngokuba 'umzimba esiswini. "

Phakathi antral (kakade) i-organ kunye duodenum yenye sango. Its kuvulwa kuvalwe nolawulo zizinto imichiza kukhululwa emathunjini amancinci.

Iimpawu ze isakhiwo kodonga isisu

Udonga esiswini igcwele ngeengcamba ezintathu. Umaleko engaphakathi - le isifo. Yenza ezibayeni, yaye bonke ubuso igutyungelwe amadlala (kukho malunga 35 million) avelisa acid isisu, enzyme eyenzelwe umchiza processing of ukutya. Umsebenzi kwezi amadlala ichaza ukuba izakuba ngowuphi eendaba esiswini - ialakalin okanye emuncu - lusekiwe kwixesha elithile.

Submucosa na isakhiwo entle ubukhulu singene luvo kunye imithambo yegazi.

Umaleko wesithathu, lisesingxobeni olomeleleyo iqulathe kwimicu agudileyo ezifunekayo ukuze kungonakali kunye push ukutya.

nesisu Ngaphandle egubungele iqokobhe ashinyeneyo - peritoneum.

Esiswini juice: isakhiwo neempawu

Indima esiphambili ibakala ukwetyisa kudlala juice esiswini. Amadlala esiswini zahlukahlukene kubume, kodwa indima ephambili ebangela ukuba kusekwe esiswini fluid yokudlala iiseli secreting pepsinogen, zehydrochloric acid kunye neziyobisi mucoid (yencindi).

juice kokudla ulwelo uncoloured esha kwaye igqiba apho medium kufuneka esiswini. Uye a zomlomo asidi. Uphononongo on silubone ezimbi ngolwazi Easy ukuba yeyiphi indawo olukhoyo kungekhonto (ukudla) isisu. Oku kuthatha ingqalelo ukuba iasidi yesiqhelo juice ukudla liphantsi kakhulu, kodwa ke linyuke kakhulu xa kwavusa secretion.

Umntu ukubambelela ukutya eqhelekileyo emini wavelisa iilitha 1.5-2.5 kolwelo esiswini. Inkqubo esisiseko eyenzeka esiswini - lo ukuqhekeka sokuqala iiprothini. Ekubeni juice esiswini kuchaphazela secretion le ehlanganisa inkqubo ukwetyisa, kuyacaca ukuba uhlobo bume ye-enzyme nesisu esebenzayo - xa iasidi.

Enzyme eziveliswa amadlala le isifo esiswini

Pepsin - enzayim isitshixo yencindi yewayini wokudla, kubandakanyeke kwi ukwaphuka iiprothini. Oku eveliswe yi sisenzo zehydrochloric acid ukusuka siphu- wayo - pepsinogen. Pepsin kuba malunga nama-95% of esiswini umsebenzi juice ukuqhekeka. Izinga umsebenzi yayo ephezulu, zithi imizekelo eyona 1 g kwale nto yanele ukuba iiyure ezimbini ukuya ukugaya-50 kg egg ubisi emhlophe kunye curdle iilitha 100,000.

Mucin (yencindi esiswini) ludibaniso entsonkothileyo kwezinto protein imvelaphi. Inkxaso-isifo esiswini phezu komhlaba kwaye ikhusela ukusuka zombini umonakalo kwaye ukusuka autodigestion yokuba akwazi ukuba buthathaka isenzo zehydrochloric acid, ngamanye amazwi - yokungenelela.

Nesisu kwakhona langoku lipase - enzayimi uyazifohloza amafutha. Esiswini lipase maloaktivna kwaye uninzi lwabo kuchaphazela nezikhongozelo ubisi.

Enye into ofanelwe kukhankanywa - kukhuthaza ukufunxeka vitamin _B-12, biermerin. Khumbula ukuba vitamin _B12 kuyimfuneko ukuze idlulise haemoglobin kwegazi.

Indima zehydrochloric acid kwi ukugaywa

Zehydrochloric acid isebenze enzyme esiswini kwaye inceda ekugayeni kweziyi kuba ebangela ukuba ukudumba kwaye ziba ngcono. Ngaphezu koko, oko ubabulalayo iintsholongwane engena umzimba ngokutya. Zehydrochloric acid ngesi iingedosi ezincinane, kungakhathaliseki ukuba ngubani medium esiswini, unyityilikiswa ukutya okanye ayinanto.

Kodwa secretion kwalo kuxhomekeke ixesha losuku; awunakucwangcisa umphakamo ubuncinane secretion esiswini waphawula ngethuba elisusela kwi-7 ukuya 11 ekuseni, kwaye ubuninzi - ebusuku. Xa kokufumana ukutya esiswini acid secretion iyavuseleleka ngokwandisa umsebenzi kwi vagus distension luvo kakhulu esiswini kunye namacandelo nokumelana lwemichiza ukutya phezu isifo.

Yintoni i medium esiswini ithathwa umgangatho, nanjengokwesimo kwaye ukuphambuka

Ethetha apho medium esiswini lomntu esempilweni, kufanele kuqatshelwe ukuba amalungu ahlukeneyo emzimbeni namanani ezahlukeneyo pH. Ngoko ke, lo ixabiso elikhulu yi 0,86 pH, kwaye ubuncinane - 8.3. umlinganiselo Umgangatho asidi esiswini ungatyanga ilingana 1.5-2.0; phezu engaphakathi maleko uxakaxa isibonisi pH 1,5-2,0, lo gama ubunzulu kwale maleko yi - 7.0; ekupheleni isisu uyahluka 1,3-7,4.

Izifo esiswini zaphuhliswa ngenxa ukungalingani acid kunye neyolizatsii kwaye ngqo kuxhomekeke kuhlobo esiphakathi esiswini. Kubalulekile ukuba amaxabiso pH babesoloko eqhelekileyo.

hypersecretion elide zehydrochloric acid okanye kislotoneytralizatsiya ezineziphene kukhokelela iasidi awongezelelekileyo esiswini. Ngelo xesha ukuphuhlisa ngezifo of acid.

Low uphawu asidi gastritis hypoacid (gastroduodenitis), umhlaza. Isalathisi gastritis kunye nokuphungulwa iasidi 5,0 pH yaye ngaphezulu. Esi sifo kakhulu olubakho xa kwiiseli ze yoma isifo esiswini okanye kwekhono zabo.

Gastritis ne intswelo kakhulu secretory

Le leengxaki kwenzeka kwizigulane yobudala okhulileyo phambili. Amaninzi ke zasesekondari, leyo ephuhlisa kwisiqalo komnye, phambi sifo (umzekelo, izilonda ebubonisayo esiswini) kwaye isiphumo yintoni na imeko esiswini - obrak, kule meko.

Kuba uphuhliso ikhondo esi sifo sizibonakalisa ngokuthi kungekho amaxesha onyaka ecacileyo kunye nezihlandlo exacerbations, okt ixesha kwazo kunye nexesha engalindelekanga.

Iimpawu ukusilela secretory

• belching ekusoloko incasa ebolileyo.
• Isicaphucaphu kunye nokugabha ngexesha ahlekise.
• Anorexia (ukungabi namdla).
• Imvakalelo ubunzima kummandla epigastric.
• Alternating urhudo nokuqunjelwa.
• Flatulence, ukuduma nangokutofela esiswini.
• Ukulahla syndrome: uziva unesiyezi emva kokungenisa kutya ekudleni ukuba kwenzeka ngenxa kokufunyanwa kukuba chyme ukusuka esiswini ukuya duodenum, ekunciphiseni umsebenzi esiswini.
• Ukuncipha komzimba (ukuncitshiswa kwenkitha ukuya kilograms ezimbalwa).

Gastrogennaya utyatyazo ezinokubangelwa:

• ukutya maldigested abangena esiswini;
• a ukungalingani elibukhali kwi inkqubo ukwetyisa fibre yokudla;
• yanda kakhulu esiswini lokusula waphula umthetho ukuvalwa umsebenzi sphincter;
• kophulwa umthetho umsebenzi bactericidal;
• ukungaqheleki zepancreas.

Gastritis ne secretion eqhelekileyo okanye eziphakamileyo

Esi sifo ixhaphake kakhulu kubantu abatsha. It has a umlinganiswa oyintloko, oko kukuthi, kuvela ngesiquphe iimpawu zokuqala kwisigulana, njengokuba ngaphambili, akazange obuzwayo mncinane wavakalisa ezinye kabi kwaye subjectively ingqalelo besempilweni. Isifo linye alternating exacerbations kunye nethuba lokuphefumla, ngaphandle amaxesha onyaka ngokukhawuleza. Ukuze ubone ukuhlaziya ngqo kuyimfuneko ukubona ugqirha, kangangokuba wamisela iimviwo, kuquka isixhobo.

Kwisigaba etsolo, kugquba iintlungu kunye syndromes dyspeptic. Iintlungu idla enxulumene ngokucacileyo ukuba Eneneni, leyo eliphakathi esiswini yabantu ngexesha lesidlo. Iintlungu syndrome kwenzeka ngokukhawuleza emva kwesidlo. aphazamise Less ukudla intlungu kamva (ixesha elithile emva kwesidlo), mhlawumbi zombini.

Iimpawu yokwanda umsebenzi secretory

• Iintlungu kudla inobulali, maxa wambi ekhatshwa kwengcinezelo ubunzima kwi epigastrium.
• iintlungu lwamva kakhulu.
• Dyspeptic syndrome wabonisa Kunjani umoya "emuncu", kukho incasa krakra emlonyeni, ndeva ukuphazamiseka, isicaphucaphu, ukugabha kukunciphisa intlungu.
• Izigulane abanengxaki heartburn, maxa wambi kabuhlungu.
• isisu ukuqunjelwa syndrome olwaboniswa lurhudo okanye nokuqunjelwa.
• Ngokuqhelekileyo wavakalisa syndrome bangonwabi, luphawulwa ndlongo, cinca-cinca, efuna pereutomlyaemostyu.