Yintoni iqela igazi na lo mntwana?

Kwanangaphambi kokuzalwa abazali bacinga ukuba uhlobo lwegazi ngumntwana. Ukuba kukho nonokungangqinelani, ngoko amadoda kukho amathandabuzo malunga ukunyaniseka emfazini, yaye yena - akanathemba okungephi.

Enyanisweni, iqela igazi baby - ke ngenxa yokusebenzisana phakathi kwabazali ababini, yaye le nto ndiyibhalayo oko ilifa ukusuka kwenye okanye omnye umntu.
Phambi kokuba bathi, kubalulekile ukuqonda indlela jikelele wagqiba lwegazi.

ukwakheka igazi

Xa plasma (inxalenye ulwelo igazi) iqulathe izinto ezibizwa agglutinins (alathelwe njenge kwaye c), kunye neeseli ezibomvu zegazi nayo agglutinogens zabo kumphezulu (zibonakaliswe njenge A no-B). Njengoko A and B kwaye ayisekho kunye, ngokunjalo kwaye ngoko kukho 4 uhlobo igazi ngokwalo angamelwa ngolu hlobo lulandelayo:

Iqela I - 00 (akukho agglutinogens) aw (zombini agglutinin ziyafumaneka)
Group II - 0A (sele agglutinogen A) ukuya (apho agglutinin 1)
Group III - 0V (oko agglutinogen) kunye (agglutinin khona 1)
Group IV - AB (zombini agglutinogen) 00 (akukho agglutination)

Ngako oko ke akunakwenzeka ukutofelwa igazi engahambelaniyo Inokwenzeka behlangana A kunye okanye B kwaye ikhokelela kokutshatyalaliswa iiseli ezibomvu kunye kuncanyatheliswe.

Yintoni iqela igazi na lo mntwana?

Ethetha on probation, ngoko nesiqingatha genetic material njengelifa unina wosana, kwaye esinye isiqingatha - ukusuka kuyise. Oku kukwasebenza egazini.

Umzekelo, ukuba iqela umama I (00), kunye uyise IV (AB), umntwana ukufumana II (0A) okanye III Iqela (0v) negazi.

Mna ndiza kuzakwenza amaqela nje mna, mna II - II kuphela mna, endalumkayo kunye III - III, yaye mna kuphela, II kunye nabazali kwiqela II kwaye abe umntwana I and II c. . Cr, III, kwaye iqela III uyakwazi ukunika mna III, kunye II III - anganika zonke iintlobo igazi ezine, lo gama i-IV kwaye IV ukunika II, III nese IV zonke.

Kucacile ukuba umntu akakwazi ukuthetha into uhlobo lwegazi ngumntwana, kodwa siphethe sisenako.

Isigqibo sesokuba xa omnye umzali neqela I umntwana kuzalwa uhlobo lwegazi IV, and vice versa, phambi Group IV omnye wabazali, umntwana azalwe I c. kr.

RH factor

Igazi nayo iqulethe into ekuthiwa RH factor. Le 85% yenani lilonke labantu (ebizwa ngokuba RH-HIV), lo gama enye i-15% abanayo (negative-RH). igazi HIV ngeke yokutofelwa kwabo igazi RH ezimbi.

Le into umntwana lilifa zombini uyise nonina. abazali ezimbini RH-HIV babe umntwana negative-RH, nokuba ilungile kakhulu.

Ukubaluleka lwegazi

Musa ukuxhalaba, kuba ukuba bahlole iqela igazi le umntwana kunye RH ukuba kungekudala emva kokuzalwa esibhedlele. Le nkqubo ifuna wezenzi beliqela nentwana ixesha.

Ulwazi lo mba awunanto iinkalo ezimbini: yokuziphatha, inentsulungeko kwaye zonyango.
Yazi apho iqela igazi umntwana kuyimfuneko, kunokuba luncedo yomenzakalo ezifuna igazi. Kakade ke, phambi kokuba inkqubo ngokuyimfuneko ukhangele zokungahambisani abanikelayo kunye umamkeli (umntu osoloko exelelwa), kodwa likaxakeka, xa ngxelo iqhubeka komzuzu, ixesha elixabisekileyo uya kusindiswa.

Kubalulekile ukwazi RH wakho factor, ingakumbi amantombazana. Pregnant ngegazi ezingalunganga into rhesus kufuneka abe phantsi kweliso elibukhali likagqirha engqongqo, okt. A. RH kunokwenzeka ungquzulwano phakathi unina kunye Umbungu kwimeko ilifa igazi RH-HIV uyise.

Mismatching yeqela negazi azinako tufwile umntwana xa ikhula. Ukuba uyazi kakuhle into uhlobo lwegazi ngumntwana esitiyeni abanye ababini, ukuze abonakale iinguqulelo ezifana phambi koyise non-yinzalelwane okanye abazali bobabini. Oku isiba ekuhluphekeni, ingakumbi lokufikisa. Maximalism ezendeleyo uninzi abafikisayo ophazamisa ukuyamkela imeko ukuthi "enkosi" kubazali babo kuba oko awusebenzeleyo ndimnika ithuba lokuba akhule kwintsapho.

Kodwa kunokwenzeka kwaye ezinjalo ukuba ukuguquka kwenzeka, yaye nangona yenzeka kunqabile, mayingabi sakhululwa ngaphandle. Ukuza kuthi ga ngoku, izalathisi ezifana uhlobo lwegazi, akakwazi kuba ubungqina phakathi kweentsapho, inkundla kufuneka analysis DNA.