Womxhuzulane ezingezizo nendlela ukudala

Nokuba abantu abanomdla isithuba, wakha wambona imovie malunga emkhathini okanye sifunda ngezinto ezinjalo ezincwadini. Phantse bonke aba bantu baye imisebenzi enqanaweni, ukulala eqhelekileyo, musa abanengxaki yokutya. Oku kuthetha ukuba ezi - wasentsomini - The umkhumbi womxhuzulane ngumntu. Uninzi abaphulaphuli uyabubona njengento kakhulu zendalo, yaye enyanisweni oku kuyinyaniso.

bekukubi lokwenziwa

Ngoko sikubiza utshintsho (macala) eziqhelekileyo kuthi womxhuzulane ngokusebenzisa iindlela ezahlukeneyo. Kwaye oku kwenziwa kuphela imisebenzi zamabali, kodwa iimeko yokwenene kakhulu emhlabeni, kaninzi, ngenxa experiments.

Ngethiyori, ukwakhiwa womxhuzulane ngumntu ayikhangeleki kunzima. Umzekelo, ungaphinda-ukudala usebenzisa inertia, ngakumbi ncam, amandla centrifugal. Imfuneko yokuba eli gunya zange kuvela izolo - Kwathi kamsinya nje abantu baqala ukuba liphupha moya isithuba ixesha elide. Ukudalwa gravity ngumntu emajukujukwini kuya kwenza kube lula ukuba siphephe ezininzi iingxaki ezivela ubude bexesha weightlessness. Oosomajukujuku zikhula izihlunu buthathaka, amathambo abe ngaphantsi namandla. Ukuhamba kwezinyanga iimeko, ungafumana ezinye yoma kwezihlunu.

Ngoko ke, namhlanje indalo womxhuzulane ngumntu - umsebenzi kubaluleke kakhulu, ukuhlolwa ngaphandle feat akunakwenzeka.

izixhobo

Kwanabo abakwaziyo inqanaba ikharityhulam physics kuphela, baqonde ukuba ubunzulu - enye imithetho angundoqo kwelizwe lethu; wonke umzimba ukusebenzisana omnye komnye, ezinengxaki itsala efanayo / isizathu. I elikhulu umzimba, kokukhona amandla alo yomtsalane.

Umhlaba lethu - into omkhulu kunene. Kungenxa yoko le nto wonke umzimba single ngeenxa endinomdla.

Kuba thina oku kuthetha kukukhawuleziswa womxhuzulane, nto leyo idla lijongwe g, ilingana no 9.8 yezikwere ngomzuzwana. Oku kuthetha ukuba, ukuba ngeenyawo akazange abe inkxaso thina, singe kwawa ngeqondo ukwandisa yesibini zonke iimitha 9.8.

Ngenxa yoko, kuphela womxhuzulane, sibe nako ukuma, awe, udle, usele ngesiqhelo, ukuze siqonde apho phezulu, apho ezantsi. Ukuba umtsalane izakulahleka - siya kuba kokona zero.

Ingakumbi uqhelene nale meko oosomajukujuku bezifumana nesithuba kwimo ezidadayo - ukuwa.

Enyanisweni, izazinzulu siyazi ukuba ukwenza njani womxhuzulane ngumntu. Kukho iindlela ezininzi.

Inqwaba enkulu

Eyona ndlela kakhulu ubhalo - ukwenza kwisiphekepheke enkulu kangangokuba kwavela womxhuzulane ngumntu. Kwi emkhombeni, unako uzive ukhululekile, ngenxa yokuba kungekho kuqhelaniswa isithuba ziya kulahleka.

Ngelishwa, le ndlela ayikho neqiniso kuphuhliso yangoku yobugcisa. Ukuze zokwakha iziko onjalo ufuna izixhobo ezininzi kakhulu. Ukongeza, isixa elingu-eneji efunekayo ukuze achache yayo.

lunikezelo

Ibiya kuthetha ukuba, ukuba ufuna ukufikelela g, lingana emhlabeni, kufuneka nje ukunika inqanawa a (platformoobraznuyu) ifomu caba asithabathele wona ukuba aa-moya kunye kukukhawuleziswa oyifunayo. Ngale ndlela, amandla ngumntu ifunyenwe, yaye - oyinto.

Noko ke, inyaniso inzima kakhulu ngakumbi.

Kuqala kubalulekile nisingasinga amafutha. Kwisikhululo esoloko ukhawulezisa, kufuneka ube unikezelo lwamandla ungaphazanyiswa. Nokuba ngequbuliso akubonakala injini, musa ukulahla mba, umthetho yolondolozo amandla sisebenza.

Ingxaki yesibini ingcamango ukukhawulezisa rhoqo. Ngokutsho ulwazi lwethu kunye nemithetho yemvelo, aninako ukukhawulezisa ngonaphakade.

Ukongeza, le izithuthi asinto ifanele ukuba mission uphando, ekubeni kufuneka rhoqo ngesantya - ukubhabha. Akayeki ukuba bahlole umhlaba, wada ngokucotha ukubhabha ngeenxa asikwazi - oko kuyimfuneko ukuze kukhawuleziswe.

Ngoko ke, kuyacaca ukuba oku lamandla ngumntu engekafumaneki kuthi.

okuvezwa

Wonke umntu uyazi indlela ukujikeleza okuvezwa kuchaphazela umzimba. Ngoko ke, lo isixhobo womxhuzulane ukungavani ngokwale mgaqo kubonakala kakhulu engokoqobo.

Yonke into okuvezwa ububanzi, udla iwe kuyo ngeqondo malunga elingana isantya ujikelezo. Kubonakala ukuba emzimbeni umkhosi ngqo ecaleni kwirediyasi into olujikelezayo. Oku kuyafana kakhulu womxhuzulane.

Ngoko ke, kufuneka inqanawa, ukanti imilo zezindlu. Kulo mzekelo, kufuneka phendula ngeenxa axis yayo. Kwenzeka ukuba, ubunzulu neyenziweyo isiphekepheke, eyenzelwe ngokwale mgaqo uboniswa kaninzi ngokwaneleyo eshukumayo yesayensi.

Le nqanawa umgqomo-ezimilise, olujikelezayo ejikeleza axis longitudinal, amandla centrifugal, ulwalathiso ongqamana kwirediyasi kwento. Ukubala lunikezelo engumphumela kufuneka ukuba ayahlule amandla emhlabeni.

Ukwazi abantu physics kufumana oku kunzima: a = ω²R.

Kule formula, isiphumo ubalo - ukukhawulezisa, variable lokuqala - speed node (kulinganiswa kwisangqa ngomzuzwana), okwesibini - embindini.

Ngokutsho oku, kuba asetyenziswa g, kufuneka ukudibanisa ngokuchanekileyo le uqina emboxo kunye kwirediyasi yothutho isithuba.

Le ngxaki esikhanyayo iifilimu ezifana "Intersol" "iBhabhiloni 5," "2001: A Space Odyssey" kunye like. Kuzo zonke ezi meko, ubunzulu elifakelweyo kufutshane ukukhawulezisa omxhuzulane umhlaba.

Enoba ezilungileyo ingcamango, kuba kakhulu kunzima ukuphumeza.

indlela ingxaki 'okuvezwa "

Ingxaki ecaca kubalasele "A Space Odyssey". Radius "yenethiwekhi isithuba" imalunga 8 yeemitha. Ukuze ufumane kukukhawuleziswa kutyalo-9.8, ujikeleziso kufuneka athathe indawo kwi ngesantya malunga 10.5 zonke umzuzu ingeniso.

Xa la amanani ukubonisa "iseti yolungiselelo," nto leyo ukuba imigama ezahlukeneyo ukusuka isiphumo umgangatho wamandla ezahlukeneyo. Kuxhomekeke Velocity emboxo.

Kubonakala ukuba kokona ngumntu emajukujukwini idaliwe, kodwa ujikelezo ngokukhawuleza kakhulu komzimba kuya kukhokelela iingxaki kwindlebe engaphakathi. Oku, ebangela ukuba ukungalingani, iingxaki kunye nenkqubo vestibular kunye nezinye - mngeni - efanayo.

Ukuvela kwalo ngumqobo kubonisa ukuba le modeli Lilishwa kakhulu.

Ungazama ukuya kwi umva, njengoko senzayo kwinoveli "World-Ring". Apha umkhombe iluhlobo lwe umsesane wakhe ubungakanani ukuya kwirediyasi orbit yethu (malunga nezigidi 150 km). Kule ubukhulu, umhlaba ubucotha ukujikele- kwanele ngoyaba iseti yolungiselelo.

Sinako ukucinga ukuba ingxaki ilungile, kodwa akunjalo. Isibakala sokuba ingeniso iyonke ngesakhiwo ngeenxa axis yayo kuthatha iintsuku 9. Oku kubonisa ukuba umthwalo iphezulu kakhulu. Ukuze bayile ezinzileyo zabo, ukuba ufuna izinto kakhulu, nto leyo namhlanje azifumaneki. Ngaphezu koko, le ngxaki sisixa inkqubo eziphathekayo kunye nokwakha ngqo.

Xa imidlalo izifundo ezifanayo, njengoko kwi movie "iBhabhiloni 5", ezi ngxaki sinalo isigqibo: kuba isantya ngokwaneleyo ojikeleza ngaso, i iseti yolungiselelo ayikho ephawulekayo, ngombandela kunokwenzeka ukwakha inqanawe enjalo.

Kodwa, nkqu ezi indalo ethile. igama lakhe - umfutho.

Inqanawa, olujikelezayo ngeenxa axis yayo, uguqulwe ube gyroscope enkulu. Njengoko usazi, wenze gyro off axis kunzima kakhulu ngenxa umfutho emboxo. Kubalulekile ukuba imali angazishiyi nkqubo. Oku kuthetha ukuba ukuseta ulwalathiso into iya kuba nzima kunene. Noko ke, ngaba loo ngxaki ayide ingasombululwa.

Ukubiza

bekukubi neyenziweyo kwisikhululo isithuba uba lufumaneka xa aid efika "O'Neill Cylinder." Ukudala kokuyilwayo ifuna iimpahla zezindlu elifanayo ukuqhagamshela ecaleni esqwini. Kufuneka ukuze ajikelezwe kumacala ahlukeneyo. Isiphumo sale ndibano i zero isantya emboxo, ngoko akuyi kubakho ukuba kukho iingxaki singangeni inqanawa ulwalathiso oluyimfuneko.

Ukuba kunokwenzeka, yenza inqanawa owela ngaphakathi kwama-malunga neemitha ezingama-500, ngoko ke kuya kusebenza kanye njengoko kufuneka. Kulo mzekelo, ubunzulu elifakelweyo kwi indawo kakhulu ukuba moya elide ngeenqanawa okanye izitishi zophando ekhululekile kunye ezifanelekileyo.

Space Iinjineli

Indlela ukudala womxhuzulane ngumntu, kwakusazeka ukuba bemeko- yomdlalo. Noko ke, kweli hlabathi fantasy womxhuzulane - asikuko ukuba nomtsalane efanayo lwemizimba, kodwa amandla yomgama, eyenzelwe ukukhawulezisa izinto ngendlela ethile. Le ingaka ibatsalayo apha hayi obububo, oko kwatshintsha xa ukuthumela imbalelwano umthombo.

bekukubi neyenziweyo kwisikhululo va wadala ngokusebenzisa wenkunkuma okhethekileyo. Yena co-ejikelezayo iyunifom kunye ummandla generator. Ngoko ke, kwihlabathi lenene, ezibanjiswe isithuthi apho umvelisi, ubuya linokutsaleleka umzimba. Noko ke, uTshawe somdlalo siya kuwa nje intshukumo angazishiyi lokubiyela isixhobo.

Ukuza kuthi ga ngoku, ubunzulu elifakelweyo emajukujukwini, wadala isixhobo enjalo ayifumaneki eluntwini. Noko ke, nkqu abaphuhlisi ezingwevu-iinwele ndingayeki eliphupha ngayo.

generator ukulenza

Olu luguqulelo ngokwenene ngakumbi kwesi sixhobo. Xa ufaka kwicala nondiliseko generator. Oku kwenza kube lula ukwenza kwisikhululo, ubunzulu apho iya kulingana iplanethi.

icentrifuge

Namhlanje gravity neyenziweyo Earth ifumaneka ezahlukeneyo izixhobo. ukuba zisekelwe, ubukhulu becala, phezu inertia, ekubeni la mandla ziviwa sithi efanayo yeziphumo omxhuzulane - umzimba ukwahlula phakathi yintoni unobangela kukukhawuleziswa. Ngokomzekelo: indoda ukufukuka ilifti, yayiliva ifuthe inertia. Zesayensi: ikheshi ukunyuka wongeza yokunyusa ezamahala ukuwa yokunyusa elorini. Xa ubuyele intshukumo moya kulinganiswa liyalahleka "inzuzo" ubunzima, babuyele ingqiqo njengesiqhelo.

Izazinzulu bezisoloko banomdla womxhuzulane ngumntu. Le icentrifuge amaninzi olusetyenziselwe ezi iinjongo. Le ndlela efanelekileyo hayi kuphela kwisiphekepheke, kodwa yezikhululo emhlabeni, efuna ukufunda iimpembelelo womxhuzulane emzimbeni womntu.

Hlola ihlabathi, esetyenziswa ...

Nangona ukufunda gravitation waqala evela emajukujukwini, it is kakhulu umhlaba nenzululwazi. Nkqu nanamhla impumelelo kule nkalo ziye isicelo, umzekelo, amayeza. Ukwazi ukuba kunokwenzeka ukudala womxhuzulane neyenziweyo emhlabeni, ungasebenzisa ukuze ukunyanga iingxaki kunye ezihamba okanye luvo. Ngaphezu koko, ekufundweni imikhosi ababandakanyekayo kuloo ndawo yokuqala on Earth. Oku kuvumela oosomajukujuku ukuba baqhube imifuniselo ngoxa ingqwalasela oogqirha. Enye into kokona ngumntu emajukujukwini, akukho abantu bakwazi ukunceda oosomajukujuku xa kuthe likaxakeka.

Ukukhumbula weightlessness epheleleyo, akunakwenzeka ukuba ukuthatha ingqalelo yisathelayithi e Earth orbit. Ezi izinto, nangona ubukhulu encinane, kuchaphazela womxhuzulane. Amandla womxhuzulane, kwiimeko ezinjalo, ebizwa microgravity. bekukubi Real ziyavavanywa kuphela matshini, eziphaphazelayo ngesantya esingaguqukiyo emoyeni ongaphandle. Noko ke, umzimba womntu angacingi umahluko.

Amava i weightlessness ingaba jump ixesha elide (phambi kokuba isinyuko luya kuvula) okanye ngexesha moya ukuhla ezizekelisayo. Ezo amalinge badla wayifaka US, kodwa inqwelo-moya leyo imvakalelo ihlala imizuzwana 40 kuphela - yinto encinane kakhulu ukuba uphando olupheleleyo.

Kwi-USSR ngo-1973 ukuze wazi ukuba oko kuyenzeka ukuba wenze womxhuzulane ngumntu. Kwaye nje ukudalile oko, kodwa ngandlel 'ithile yatshintsha. Umzekelo iphawulekayo kwezindlela kuncitshiswa womxhuzulane - kuditshwa owomileyo, emanzini. Ukuze kufikelelwe isiphumo ofunekayo kufuneka ukuba abeke kwintsunguzi umboniso phezu kwamanzi. Umntu ibekwe phezu kwayo. Phantsi ubunzima emzimbeni umzimba antywiliselwa emanzini, kuphela intloko ihlala phezulu. Le modeli ibonisa i povray kunye womxhuzulane ephantsi, nto leyo uphawu yolwandle.

Akukho mfuneko ukuya emajukujukwini bazive imiphumo weightlessness imikhosi, malunga - hypergravity. Ngexesha isuka kunye ukugaleleka kwisiphekepheke, icentrifuge imfumba nga va kuphela, kodwa ukuhlola.

unyango womxhuzulane

izifundo physics omxhuzulane kuquka ifuthe weightlessness emzimbeni womntu ngeenzame ukunciphisa iziphumo. Nangona kunjalo, inani elikhulu kwimpumelelo yale inzululwazi uyakwazi ukuba abemi luncedo kwaye yesiqhelo kulo mhlaba.

Usukelo Great amagqirha ayinakunika isifundo ukuziphatha enqanda kwezihlunu myopathy. Sisifo kakhulu ekhokelela ekufeni ekuqaleni.

Xa imisebenzi esebenzayo emzimbeni egazini onempilo ufumana isixa esikhulu enzyme kreatinofosfokinazy. Isizathu sale meko akucacanga, kunokwenzeka, umthwalo usebenza kwiseli inwebu ngendlela yokuba "oluvuzayo" ezinjalo. Izigulane ne myopathy ukufumana isiphumo esifanayo ngaphandle imithwalo. Observation oosomajukujuku abonisa ukuba zero unikezelo bekukubi enzyme esebenzayo igazi liyehla kakhulu. Esi siphumo lubonisa ukuba ukusetyenziswa ngokuntywiliselwa kuya kunciphisa nefuthe elibi yeemeko ezikhokelela myopathy. Okwangoku baqhube imifuniselo kwizilwanyana.

Unyango lwezifo ezithile namhlanje kwenziwa ngokusebenzisa afunyenwe kwisifundo lwe data womxhuzulane, kuquka zedolophu. Umzekelo, lunganyangwa Cerebral Palsy stroke, iisuti Parkinson esebenzisa isicelo komthwalo. Phantse bagqiba izifundo nemiphumo emihle inkxaso - wezihlangu ukuyilandela.

Bhabha ku Mars?

Inkqubela phambili yakutsha nje oosomajukujuku ukunika ithemba ubunyani projekthi. It unamava umntu inkxaso unyango kunye kokuhlala ixesha elide kude eMhlabeni. Iziswa iinzuzo ezininzi kwimisebenzi uphando eNyangeni, amandla womxhuzulane leyo amaxesha 6 ezincinane kuneyethu. Ngoku oosomajukujuku nezesayensi bazitshisa usukelo entsha - Mars.

Phambi kokuba ndivuka, kufuneka bazazi zonke ukuba itikiti kwi oluBomvu Planet, ulindele umzimba kwinqanaba lokuqala lomsebenzi - endleleni. Kwi-avareji, indlela eya umhlaba entlango iya kuthatha isiqingatha sonyaka - malunga 500 iintsuku. Thembela endleleni kuphela ngamandla abo, linda nje uncedo ukusuka naphi na.

Ukudelela imikhosi iya kuba mininzi imiba: uxinzelelo, imitha, ukungabikho mhlaba otsalayo. Uvavanyo sibalulekileyo eziphilayo - ukutshintsha womxhuzulane. Ukuhamba abantu "simazi" kunye kumanqanaba ohlukeneyo womxhuzulane. Ubukhulu becala lo overload isuka. Emva koko - weightlessness ngexesha esemoyeni. Emva koko -. Hypogravity kwindawo, oko kukuthi, ukuba womxhuzulane kwiMars kwi-40% yomhlaba ..

Indlela ukumelana neziphumo ezingalunganga weightlessness kwindawo indiza elide? Kuyathenjwa ukuba uphuhliso entsimini womxhuzulane ukungavani kuya kunceda ukuhlangabezana nalo mba kwixesha elizayo. Amalinge kwi iimpuku, ehamba "Cosmos-936" abonisa ukuba le ndlela a kusombulula zonke iingxaki.

Amava OS lubonise ukuba kakhulu kuluncedo kuba ephilayo unako ukuzisa ukusetyenziswa simulators, bakwazi ukumisela umthwalo efunekayo ukuze usomajukujuku ngamnye ngakumbi.

Nangona kukholelwa ukuba Mars aphaphazele ngabaphandi nje kuphela, kodwa kubakhenkethi abafuna ukuseka ikoloni Olubomvu Planet. Kubo, ubuncinane ekuqaleni, imvakalelo yokuba weightlessness luyazedlula izizathu amagqirha ngeengozi lokuhlala elide kwezi meko. Noko ke, emva kweeveki ezimbalwa kwaye kufuneka uncedo kubo kutheni na kubaluleke kangaka nje, ukuba abe nako ukufumana indlela yokwakha kwi isiphekepheke gravity ngumntu.

iziphumo

Ziziphi izigqibo zingenziwa ngokudalwa womxhuzulane ngumntu emajukujukwini?

Phakathi zonke iinketho ingqalelo batshintshana uyilo ngoku ikhangeleka esengqiqweni ngakumbi. Nangona kunjalo, phantsi ukuqonda yangoku wemithetho yemvelo akunakwenzeka, kuba umkhombe - oku njengesilinda umngxuma. Ngaphakathi kuyo kukho idlulela uthintela ukuphunyezwa izimvo.

Ukongeza, inqanawa embindini kufuneka zibe nkulu ngokwaneleyo ukwenzela ukuba iseti yolungiselelo akukho nomthelela obonakalayo.

Ukulawula into elolo hlobo, kuthatha lombhobho O'Neill zikhankanywe ngasentla, nto leyo eya kwenza kube lula ukulawula esi sikhephe. Kulo mzekelo, amathuba kwandisa ukusetyenziswa kwesakhiwo enjalo kwimisebenzi omncane ngokuqinisekisa iqela inqanaba obutofotofo womxhuzulane.

Phambi abantu baya kukwazi ukuguqulela amaphupha abo zifezeke, singathanda ukubona ngemisebenzi fiction kancinane esengqiqweni ngakumbi kunye nolwazi ngaphezulu imithetho physics.