Typology yeenguqu yenzululwazi kunye typology komphakathi yokuhlalisana

Typology ebizwa indlela yenzululwazi, leyo yahlula inkqubo injongosenzi kunye namaqela kunye uncedo imodeli enezigaba (okanye ngokubanzi) okanye uhlobo. Xa kwabantu, kukho typologies eziliqela oluntu, kodwa edumileyo elivunywe ke typology yoluntu D. Bell kunye typology kuluntu A. Toffler.

Typology komphakathi yokuhlalisana

Typology komphakathi isosioloji A. Toffler, ngokusekelwe ingcamango "amaza abathathu". Oosonzululwazi kunye nabaphandi A.Tofler wayekholelwa ukuba asakhasayo, uluntu ezintathu ezibalulekileyo yeenguqu ezigqibeleleyo: i-revolution kwezolimo, i mveliso kunye nobuchwepheshe. Ngoko ke, lo igagasi lokuqala wajika mbuya abalimi amavila. Iliza yesibini itshintshe inkqubo loluntu kunye lwezolimo mveliso. Kodwa nokulatyuza wesithathu ekuqaleni kwexesha computer, wavakalisa Walizinzisa uluntu ulwazi olutsha.

Iliza lokugqibela, ngokutsho A. Toffler, kunokubangela inguqu eqhubekekayo ubudlelane eluntwini ukuvela sverhindustrialnogo.

Ngaloo ndlela, ukuthembela ingcamango yakhe, A. Toffler udala typology ilandelayo ngoluntu:

- yemveli yoluntu okanye kwezolimo,

- ungxowankulu okanye imibutho mveliso,

- lwangoku, okanye uluntu ulwazi.

Kwaye oko kunika inkcazo zilandelayo sorvremennomu (iinkcukacha) uluntu. Ukholelwa ukuba uluntu lwale mihla luphawulwa ezi mpawu zilandelayo: ovumayo ukuba uphuhliso rhoqo kunye notshintsho, inqanaba eliphezulu abantu bangazinzi kwindawo abakuzo, rationalism, olusekelwe kulwazi, ukuziphatha kwabantu ilawulwa neentlobano emarikeni, kwakunye kungekho naziphi yokuziphatha kunye nemimiselo kakhulu ngakumbi.

Typology komphakathi isosioloji Daniel Bell ubona uluntu ngokwemiqathango nasekusungulweni ulwazi kunye nobugcisa. Ngokusekelwe kule, Daniyeli Bell ichonge ezi zilandelayo iintlobo yenkampani: zabasebenzi, ezoshishino kunye nasemva-mveliso.

Kwaye linika impendulo yakhe emva kuluntu mveliso. Ukuza kuthi ga ngoku, iimpawu enkampani ukwanda korhwebo phakathi ithi, "dubulo ulwazi", okt. E. Ixabiso kunye nendima lusanda ulwazi, kwakunye ngokusebenzisa uphuhliso kumazwe ukuhlangabezana nangoko lonxibelelwano, oko kukuthi. E. Ukukhula "kwilali ehlabathini."

Typology of Scientific Revolutions

Le nqubo ngokukhawuleza kwenkqubo ukuya umgangatho omtsha obizwa revolution. ukuvukelwa Scientific akholisa ukuba eninzi iinkalo ezahlukeneyo. Iingxaki typology yeenguqu inzululwazi ukuba kuyimfuneko ukuchonga nokuhlalutya zonke iinkalo nto, ukuqonda indima kunye nempembelelo nganye kuzo kweyobunzululwazi. Noko ke, ukuchongwa kwafunyanwa into usoloko ibandakanya yokuqala ekufunyanweni kolunye ulwazi olutsha kwakunye nokuqonda, nto leyo kufuneka ziphathwe ukuze abhalisa inzululwazi. Omnye umzekelo kokufunyanwa neemicroscope eziphilayo okanye Array ngeenkwenkwezi, nto leyo wamnika imbonakalo ulwazi olutsha ngaphambili ingafikeleleki kwaye revolution kwisayensi.

Scientific Revolution - .. Ingaba ikakhulu utshintsho ulwazi lwenzululwazi kwi ingcambu, oko kukuthi, ukuvela kolwazi olutsha kukhokelela revolution ngokupheleleyo kwinzululwazi.

Yaba iintlobo 4 yeenguqu lwenzululwazi zizathu zilandelayo:

- ukuvela kweekhonsepthi ezintsha theoretical;

- nophuhliso iindlela ezintsha;

- nophuhliso izifundo ezitsha methodological;

- ukuchongwa kweendawo ezintsha.

Kukho kwakhona typology yophando kwezinye ngezizathu:

- iinxalenye kuphando; (imbonakalo indlela entsha, ukuchongwa kwihlabathi elitsha, kunye nabanye.)

- ububanzi coverage (a revolution yehlabathi ngesayensi okanye isakhiwo).

Ngenxa yoko, njengokuba typology yeenguqu zenzululwazi, kwaye typology koluntu isosioloji esekelwe into zokufunda ngu ulwahlulo kunye ngokwamaqela ngokusekelwe kwimodeli ngokubanzi.