Veliswa neenyibiba yolwandle. lily ulwandle yeklasi (ifoto)

ihlabathi iyingozi kakhulu eziphila elwandle, luzele izimanga. Abanye babo, kunye neekorale lisiza benza iigadi ezikhethekileyo kwamanzi. Crinoids - a izilwanyana benthic, hayi izityalo, njengoko kubonakala xa efika kuqala. Basonta echinoderms.

Kuhlale iinyibiba ulwandle

kwiklasi kakhulu endaweni ebanzi zokusasaza. Xa elwandle hlabathi phantse akukho kwiindawo crinoids ayifikelelekanga. Kukho malunga ne-700 iintlobo ze iintsiba-iinkwenkwezi. I-Russian amanzi aselwandle omiweyo yi-5 kuphela yohlobo lwazo.

Crinoids kuhlala zonke ulwandle. Ubunzulu kubo engabalulekanga. Bonke kakuhle ngokulinganayo. Ukanti uninzi yezi zilwanyana bakhetha ukuhlala emanzini olwandle efudumeleyo yehlathi lezixhobo, akhiwe kwi ezinzulwini nzulu (meters 200).

Types of neenyibiba yolwandle

iklasi Crinoids imelwe iintlobo ezimbini iintsiba-iinkwenkwezi - lusengozini kunye besstebelchatymi. Bonke abantu, kungakhathaliseki uhlobo babo, ziqhotyoshelwe zonke iintlobo izinto phantsi kwamanzi. crinoids lusengozini, Njengokungeniswa kwesithungu ezendeleyo kuba nantoni na, sihlale kule ndawo. Zone pathways yabo kunciphisa ubude stem abahlala ukungavoti.

Besstebelchatye lily, ndayihluthwa yenkxaso, siye inkululeko engakumbi yesenzo. Beqhekeza kude zeendawana, bayakwazi ukoyisa umgama okungephi. Incopho izilwanyana ngenxa rays, ukusebenza njenge ephikweni. Noko ke, ngamnye sesiqu usiba inkwenkwezi engenalo kwinkqubo yophuhliso akayi kudlula inyathelo micingeni apha. Lo msebenzi enomfanekiso zombini iintlobo neenyibiba ulwandle lunyusa kunye.

incazelo eziphilayo

Egameni le iklasi izilwanyana iingcambu zamaGrike. Crinoids (Crinoidea) bubonakala "like iinyibiba." Eneneni, xa abantu yelo iklasi, umzimba kwamnandi, njengentyantyambo uhlaza. Ukufana ziintyatyambo kwandisa iinkwenkwezi Iintsiba umzimba imibala eqaqambileyo. Sinqanda emehlweni wolwandle silwane esihle, kwaye ndifuna ukwenza umfanekiso ngaye. Crinoids - uhombiso esimnandi iigadi kwamanzi, apho wayesebenza phezu ekudalweni wengcibi yokuluka brilliant - indalo ngokwayo.

Crinoids unawo umzimba indebe-ezimise nge kwisisu ngomlomo embindini. Wenyuka evela indebe yaphakamisa reyi branched (ngezandla) kunye phehla. Siye lusengozini crinoids eziqhotyoshelwe ezantsi likhaba indebe ikhula kubude semitha enye. Petiolus yenethiwekhi kunye waso osecaleni (cirri) eqhotyoshelwe apha emhlabeni. Besstebelchatye kweenyibiba ezi cirri nje ezinokususwa, Iziphelo apho babonelelwa wona aqoqiwe okanye "inzipho". Enkosi kubo besstebelchatye abantu babesabambelele kakhulu emhlabeni.

Iintsiba-Iinkwenkwezi ezo echinoderms kuphela, ngubani obulawulwayo ukukugcina yokuqhelaniswa zabo izinyanya uphawu umzimba. icala amaphiko ukuba lutshele emhlabeni, kwaye umphezulu lowo unikwe kwisisu ngomlomo wajika phezulu. Isiseko ubume imizimba yazo babeka indlela ezintlanu-macala iphiramidi. Umzimba kuyilwa ngemitha ezintlanu ekwaziyo phinda zahlulo kunye nefom kwi 10-200 "ezandleni bobuxoki." Ngemiqadi zinikwa amasebe ezininzi osecaleni (pinnulami).

Ngenxa Corolla evuthuza-ngokupheleleyo baseka uhlobo lomsebenzi womnatha obamba ezincinane kunye detritus. Rays ndinibumbela icala ngaphakathi babonelelwa muco-ciliary vee, ezo azezi kwisisu ngomlomo. Kanye ukutya ihambisa ukuba umlomo wakhe. Uluthi buthuntu evela ecaleni indawo etsobhileyo lixhotyiswe ukuvulwa ezimpundu.

Ndiyila skeleton calcareous lwangaphandle negalelo komsindo. It iqulathe iinxalenye ezimbini: rays endoskeleton kunye micingeni. Ezi zilwanyana benthic iye tentacle, luvo nezenzala (ebangela yokuzala neenyibiba yolwandle) kwinkqubo. Faka i-reyi ukungena isiqu kunye isebe zonke iinkqubo echongiweyo.

Crinoids ezivela noogxa babo nje kuphela utsaleleka uphawu umgca iziko amanakani-esiswini kolona imizimba yazo zonke izilwanyana, kodwa sisimo zangaphandle. amacandelo Tentacle kwenkqubo ebuhlanti-star lula. Umzekelo, ayizange ngenisa ampoule, lokulawula imilenze. Oku ayifumaneki kwi izilwanyana madreporite.

buphindwe

We ukujamelana nabo enomfanekiso neenyibiba yolwandle. Ezi echinoderms zizilwanyana dioecious. iimveliso Sexual kweyela abo pinnuly ukuba zibekwe kufutshane indebe. Male isidoda ngokuqhelekileyo kuqala uhambele ukusuka pinnul kusetyenziswa imingxuma ezizodwa.

ukuziphatha kwakhe kukhokelela ukukhuthazwa obhinqileyo, ungenandawo imibhobho angasese. Naye pinnuly yozigqabhuza nje, bawe kubo amaqanda. egg ibizwa kwenziwa ekunene emanzini, baze ke bajike baye kwindawo doliolyariyu umphanda. Ngoko kukho lokwanda neenyibiba yolwandle.

uphuhliso doliolyary

Emva kweentsuku 2-3 doliolyariya uhlala phezu komhlaba. kwincam yayo ukusika luyomelezwa kwi zeendawana, naziphi na izinto eziqinileyo kunye nabantu babo uhlobo.

Ekubeni ezilahlekileyo isiliya zabo, kuba ezisisigxina.

Inyathelo pentakrinusa ezivakaliswe ukuba indebe ngokuthe wabonakalaliswa isakhiwo-kwakubonisa ezintlanu. Ehlangeni likhula, ukwandisa, ukuphuhlisa imiqadi ukunyuka diski apha. Doliolyariya uqala ukuba zifane ezincinane iintsiba-inkwenkwezi, bobbing esiqwini. ubukhulu balo buyahluka kwi lokuphumla 0.4-1 cm. amanzi abandayo arctic aqhubela imibungu ukukhula ku-5 cm ubude. Ekuhambeni kwexesha doliolyariya eyandisiweyo, umahluko ibe likhaba kunye nendebe, leyo kamva kwasekwa emlonyeni. Kweli nqanaba yophuhliso imibungu tsistoideynaya iphela.

Umahluko kuphuhliso amaqela

Ukuba yokuzala neenyibiba yolwandle kunye nophuhliso ezidla ncam, emva kokugqitywa sigaba pentakrinusa zombini amaqela crinoids ngakumbi nokwanda kwemali ngokwahlukileyo. abantu lusengozini, ebotshelelwe ndaweni nye, bafumane inxalenye ezintsha esiqwini. Zabo kululwa esiqwini iba ngathi esitoreni iingqekembe (ngokuba omqolo umntu enziwe ngalinye enye).

Omqolo unodibaniso ezinokususwa esibonelela kwezihlunu. iziko stem eligcwele channel, imizwa ubuxoki, ufihle namanye amalungu apho. Cirri zicwangciswe ngeendlela ezimbini: nokuba ngeenxa likhaba, okanye kwisiseko sayo.

Individual izuza ukufana eningenakukholwa ebunayo, enyanisweni, ukubonisa iifoto ezininzi liyana. Crinoids yanamhlanje olubangelwa kufuneka ubude ezahlukeneyo, loo nto idla ngokuba ncinane ukuya 75-90 cm. Kwaye iifosili ibangelwa ubude zafikelela 21 m. Iintsiba star lidala iingxilimbela ngokwenene.

Besstebelchatye lily andise ngokwahlukileyo. Emva kwenyanga kunye isiqingatha sekomityi ngokuzimeleyo yaphulwe esikhondweni, makhe abhabhe ngokukhululekileyo. Sesiqu uyafa ekugqibeleni.