UShirvani Basayev: umzobo womzalwana uSamsil Basayev

UShirvani Basayev ungomnye wabaphathi bezityalo ezidumileyo zeChechen. Yena kunye nomntakwabo wathatha inxaxheba kwimikhosi yokulwa nemikhosi yaseRussian Federation. Uye wathola ukuthandwa ngenxa yeengxabano ezinobunzima kwintsimi yeDagestan kunye nokulwa kwimimandla yeCzech Republic. Intsapho kaBasyev yahlonishwa ngama-Islamist. Phantse onke amalungu ayo athatha inxaxheba kwimfazwe.

Shirvani Basayev: biography

Wazalelwa kwisiqithi saseVedeno ekuqaleni kweminyaka engamashumi ama-60. Idatha ngosuku oluza kuzalwa luphikisana kakhulu. Ngokuqhelekileyo, ininzi ye-biography kaShirvani ifakwe ebumnyameni. Waphumelela esikolweni esiphakeme kwaye wasebenza kwisithili saseVedeno. UBawo nonina bevela kwiintlobo ezahlukeneyo zeChechen. Babambelela kwizithethe zamaSilamsi kwaye bebancedisi bobuzwe obukhulu. Ukongeza kwiShirvani, iBhayayevs babenabantwana ababini - iZinaida kunye ne-Islam.

Ngokuqinisekileyo, kwi-eightties uShirvani wathuthela nomntakwabo eMoscow. Apho bahlala kwimisebenzi eyahlukeneyo. Ngokukodwa, basebenze kwishishini leshishini. Kwiminyaka engama-90, ukuthatha inxaxheba kokuqala kubomi bezopolitiko kwelizwe. Umbuso waseSoviet wenqabile ukuba ubekho, amaqondo ahlukeneyo aqala ukunyuka e-Chechnya. Umongameli wexesha elizayo waseRussia uBoris Yeltsin wayenandipha ukuthandwa ngabantu abanjalo. Wathembise "ukuzimela ngokubanzi njengoko unako ukuthatha." Yingakho ngethuba leKomiti yoLungxamiseko kaRhulumente ukulondoloza ilizwe iBayevs ephuma ekuxhaseni urhulumente omtsha.

Ukulungiselela imfazwe

UShirvani Basayev wabuyela eChechnya, apho kwakunokusekwa uhulumeni omtsha ngelo xesha. Iimpahla zokuqala ezixhobile zadalwa ngonyaka we-90. Baqeqeshwe ngamagosa angaphambili aMaqhawe aseSoviet Union, amaTchenke ngokuzala. I-Basayevs yajoyina ngokukhawuleza le mibutho kwaye yathabatha inxaxheba. Ngudliwano-ndlebe, uShamil uthi yena nomntakwabo bafunda isayensi yempi kwiincwadi zesiRashiya.

Imfazwe Yokuqala

Kodwa bafumana amava okulwa e- Nagorno-Karabakh. Ngomnyaka wamashumi asibhozo anesibini, ubudlelwane phakathi kweAzerbaijan neArmenian bufikelele kwinani lokungazinzi. Ama-Armenia, amaKarabakh, avakalisa ukuzimela. Ekuphenduleni, amagunya aseAzerbaijan avelisa imfazwe. Ngenxa yokuxhatshazwa ngokukrakra kwabantu baseKarabakh, urhulumente unxusele inkxaso kwiinkampani zama-Islamist. Amaqhawe aseTchchen afika eAzerbaijan phantsi kolawulo lukaBashayev.

UShirvani Basayev waziwa nangokuthatha inxaxheba kwimfazwe yase-Abkhaz. Kulo mpixano, amaTchenke alwa nomkhosi waseGeorgia. U-Shamil Salmanovich Basayev uqaliswe kwizibalo ezininzi ze-Abkhazian. Ngokutsho kwemithombo eyahlukeneyo, ngeli xesha wayethathwa yi-General Intelligence Directorate yaseRashiya. Amaqela amaninzi aseChechen athi u-Shamil waqeqeshwa kwintsimi yaseRashiya ngaphambi kokuba athunyelwe e-Ossetia.

IChechen yokuqala

Xa, emva kweminyaka emininzi yokuzimela kwe-Chechnya, iinkokeli zaseRussia zazisa ukuqala komsebenzi wobuphekula, umndeni waseBayeyev wajoyina inxaxheba kwimfazwe. UShirvani Basayev wathola isikhundla kwisigama esithi "umkhosi weCzech Republic." Waba ngumlawuli welali yaseBamut. Itholakala kwisithili saseAkkhoy-Martan. Ngaphambi koko, ama-militiya aqala ukulungiselela ukukhuselwa kwendawo yokuhlala. Zonke iintaba ezungezile ziye zafundiswa ngokupheleleyo. Emahlathini kwakukho iindawo zokuzimela. Zonke iindlela eziseBamut zazichitshiweyo. Umgca wokukhusela wabuye waquka iibhloko ezithembekileyo ezikhuselekileyo iintsholongwane ezisuka kwi-shelling. Imfazwe yaseBamut yayigxile kakhulu kumajelo. Amabutho aseGrisi amaxesha ambalwa atshabalalisa ukuhlala kwiindawo ezingamashumi asithoba anesihlanu, kodwa abakwazanga ukuwubamba. AmaCherchen ashukunyiswa ngokukhawuleza aze ahlasele iikholeji eziqhubela phambili. Ngenxa yoko, ukuhlaliswa kwaso kwakunokukwazi ukuthathwa, kodwa kuphela kwintwasahlobo yonyaka olandelayo nangemva kwezinto ezilishumi elinesixhenxe zokuthintela. Umzalwana kaShamil Basaev udume kakhulu kule mfazwe njengomlawuli wamakhono.

Imfazwe yaseGrozny

Ngexesha lemfazwe yesibini yaseChechen Basayev uShirvani Salmanovich uthathe inxaxheba ekhuselekileyo ekukhuseleni i-capital kaIchkeria-Grozny. Ebusika ngamashumi asithoba anesithoba, i-Federal army yasungula inxamnye noGudermes. Emva kokuxoxwa kweso sixeko phantsi kwegunya laseRashiya. Ukuqandwa kweGrozny kwaqala. Imikhosi emininzi yayijikeleza indawo yokuhlala, yashiya ikrodi yoluntu kuphela yokukhululwa kwabahlali.

Ngeli xesha abavukeli be-Chechen baqinisa ngamandla izithili zedolophu. Iindawo ezininzi zachithwa. Iingcwaba ezilungiselelwe. Ukuveliswa okusebenzayo kwezigqeba ze-grenade kunye nokufakelwa kwee-aircraft zenziwe. Yikuphi, nangona kunjalo, wayenomkhiqizo ophantsi ngenxa yokuphathwa kakubi. Kwakhona basebenzisa iindlela ezifana neenqwelo zee-grenade kwiiparachuthi ezincinci.

Imikhosi yase-Federal ihlala ishenxisa ama-armedical artillery kunye ne-aircraft. NgoFebruwari isixeko sithathwe. Inkokheli yama-militants uSamsil Salmanovich Basayev wabaleka eGrozny kunye nomntakwabo.

Ukuphela kweBayeyevs

NgoDisemba 2000, kwaziswa malunga nokufa kweShirvani Basayev. Nangona kunjalo, imithombo emininzi kamva yalahla le ngcaciso. Ingozi yomzalwana omdala ayisaziwa. Ngokwezinye iingxelo, wathuthela eTurkey. Ukusuka apho, emva kokonyango, kwelinye ilizwe lamaSilamsi. Umzalwana odumileyo - uSamsil Basayev, wabhujiswa ngoJulayi 10, amawaka amabini anesithandathu. Iziganeko ezininzi zamaphekula zasihlala ngenxa yakhe.