Iintetho ze-Chechen kunye nemvelaphi yazo

Namhlanje akusacaca ukuba kutheni kwaye kwithuba lini lokusekwa kwenkqubo efana neetekiti zeTchenke. Kuyaziwa ukuba sele iphakathi kwenkulungwane yeshumi elinesibhozo iNokhchi (i-Chechens), edibanise ne-Ingush, ibeke ngokupheleleyo iqela labo. Kuze kube lelo xesha, awaziwa ukuba lude kangakanani uhlobo lwemibutho yabomkhosi-yoqoqosho, oko kukuthi, i-Chechen teips, kwakhiwa.

IThe Legend

Imithetho ithi iinkokheli zaseChechen ziphethe ibhokhwe yethusi kunye namagama e-teips angamashumi amabini aqala kuyo, kodwa iibhoyili ezingabandakanywa kuloluhlu ziyancibilika. Nangona kunjalo, amagama angamashumi amabini asekuqaleni ahlala: uSesanha Ilesi-nekie, uBenoy, uMly-nek, uYubak-nekie, uTyorooroy kunye nezinye ezilishumi elinesihlanu.

Iingqungquthela zaseChechen zihlangene kunye. Ezi zakhiwo ezinkulu zabizwa ngokuba yi-tukhums. Izikhumba ezisi-9 eziphakathi kwekhulu leshumi elinesithoba zahlanganiswa yiTechchen tips, apho zaziyikhulu elinamanci mathathu anesihlanu. Namhlanje kukho ezinye zazo, kwaye zihlukaniswe zibe ziintaba, ezingaphezu kwekhulu, kwaye zithele, malunga namashumi asixhenxe. Ngaphakathi nganye itekisi iyahlula ngamasebe kunye negama (gary kunye neky). Intloko ibhunga labadala be-teip, apho abameli abanamava kunye nabahloniphekileyo abalawula umthetho, ngaphezu koko, isithuba se-biachcha - umkhosi unyanzelekile.

Hla mbulukile

Kwabizwa ngokuba yi-Chechen tips, uludwe lwazo oluza kuboniswa ngokugcwele ngokusemandleni, ngokulandelanayo, indawo apho intsapho ihlala kuyo, okanye imeko apho intsapho iqhube khona. Ngokomzekelo, teip Kharachoy (ekuguquleleni kwisiRashiya- "umhume") okanye ityipu Shara (inguqulelo - "i-glacier") ichazwa ngokucacileyo emva kohlobo lokuqala, kodwa i-Pipykhoy it teip pechnikov, i-teip I-Hoi-guard, i-tep Deshni - igolide .

Kukho iitayi zicocekileyo kwaye zixutywe. I-Nokhmakho - yile ndlela i-tipe ecocekileyo ebizwa ngayo - yenziwe ngokusuka e-Chechens, enye ihlanganiswe kunye namanye igazi. U-Gouna, umzekelo, uhlobene neTerek Cossacks, iCrarachoy - ngokubanzi kunye negazi le-Circassian, i-Dzumsa - ngesiGeorgia, ne-Arsala-neRashiya. Ngaloo ndlela, ama-teips ahlukeneyo aseChechen ahlukeneyo. Uluhlu lwazo lukhulu kunokuba neyhmakho.

Into ephambili ye-teips iyisiqalo

Njengoko kubumbano lwamanyano, nanko ubuntu bazo zonke iChechen zenziwa kwaye yonke imilinganiselo yokuziphatha neyokuziphatha iyaxhomekeka kuye. Ezi ziTchenke zibizwa ngokuba yi-postulates by beginings. Ndaqala ngamashumi amabini anesithathu. Abanye apha baya kubalwa. Ukungahambi kakuhle kunye nobunye bezithethe kuwo onke amalungu angamantombazana ngaphandle kweyodwa umgaqo wokuqala. Owesibini unikezela ilungelo lobunikazi bomhlaba kwindawo yoluntu. Isiqalo sesithathu asinakwenzeka ukuhambelana nemibono yelizwe lonke eliphucukileyo - lichaza ukutyhafa kwegazi ngenxa yokubulawa kwesalamane nge-teipu, kwaye oku akuxhomeki nakwiindawo ezinxulumene nobuhlobo. Ukucoca i-Chechen teips kuze kube lusuku unxulumene ngenzondelelo nokuqala.

Umgaqo wesine uvimbela ukutshata, oko kukuthi, umtshato phakathi kwamalungu e-teip akunakwenzeka. Okwesibini - ukuncedisana, ukuba kunyanzelekile, yonke itekisi inyanzelekile ukuba inike uncedo kummeli walo. I-Chechens yesithandathu ibiza ukuba ihloniphe umntu oshonile: ukuba ilungu le-teip lifa, isijwili sonke ixesha elithile, iholide kunye nokuzonwabisa akuvunyelwe. I sixhenxe iqala malunga nebhunga labadala, lesibhozo - malunga nokukhethwa kweenkokheli kunye nomlawuli, akukho ndawo izuze ilifa. Isiqalo sesishiyagalolunye sokumelwa, esiye sigqitywe libhunga lamadoda amakhulu, kunye neshumi - malunga nokuba izithuba zebhunga labadala zihlala ubomi, nangona kunjalo imbali yeTechs teips ikwaxelela malunga neziganeko zokufuduka kommeli.

I mpi ndezelo yegazi

Isiqalo sesithathu, apho iithaphu zeTechchen kunye neethums ziyazi, zidinga ukudalulwa ngokubanzi. Ngoko, i-chir isifo segazi kunoma yimuphi umntu onolu hlobo. Esi siko esinemiphunga engqalileyo engcambu. Kumaxesha adlulileyo edlulileyo, xa kwenzeka ukubulawa, igama lentsapho, kwaye ngamanye amaxesha ityip, lanyanzeliswa ukuba libalekele kwamanye amazwe. I-Qi - igazi-idluliselwa kwiminyaka emininzi ukususela kwisizukulwana ukuya kwisizukulwana, de kube ngummeli wokugqibela wegama elibiweyo, isebe okanye ityiphi yabulawa.

Kwixesha elizayo, igazi lidlulela kuphela kwintsapho enye, kodwa ngaphambili umda we-chi wawunqunywe libhunga labadala labangathathi hlangothi.

Ngokukhawuleza emva kokubulala, amabhunga amadala ahlanganisene ne-teip apho kwenzeka khona inhlekelele, kwaye kwinto eyenzekayo. Eyokuqala - benza isigqibo malunga nokuphindezela, kwaye okwesibini bafuna amathuba okuxolelana. Kwaye kukho iingxoxo. Ukuba i-teip ebulalayo ayivumelani nokuxolelana, ngoko amabhunga angathathi hlangothi adala adibene. Ukuba, ngakolunye uhlangothi, abazange bafumane uxolo, baqala ukusebenza ngeemeko zokuphindezela: njani ukuphindisela, yintoni na isikhali. Ukubulala igazi akunakwenzeka phantsi kwayo nayiphi na imeko emva nangaphandle kwesixwayiso, kwinyanga engcwele kaRamadan, nakwezinye iholide, awukwazi ukuwabulala kwindawo ephakamileyo kwaye - ngakumbi-ekutyeleleni.

Ukuqala kokwandiswa kwenkqubo

Impucuko ithatha ixabiso layo. Abaphandi banokuqiniseka ukuba namhlanje inkqubo yeTeip yaseTekchnya iyafa ngokukhawuleza. Iititi ezinkulu - umzekelo, i-Centar ne-Beno - ikhulile kakhulu kangangokuba ubudlelwane begazi bulibalekile kwaye imitshato ephakathi kwe-teips inokwenzeka. Abaninzi babo baqhekeka ngokuthe ngcembe kwinani elikhulayo lomzi, kwaye i-teip yokuqala iba yinto yokukhupha.

AmaChechen amaninzi akhumbula ixesha apho umncinci wabo angabiza ngaphezu kwezizwe ezingamashumi amabini ezisekhokho. Ngoku, akukho nanye iChechen eselula iphendulela ekubeni yinto yokuthabatha. Abantu abadala kunye nabantu asebekhulile babonakala bexhalabile, kuba ubuhlobo baseNtchenko bubalulekileyo. Abantu abangenalo isizwe-ntlanga abakwazi ukuba yiTchenke.

I-Chechen teip

Yalhoy, okanye kunoko, uYalhora, umculi owaziwayo kakhulu. Kwakuvela kuye igama elidlulileyo likaDudayev, kwaye le nenye yee-teips apho kubakho abasebenzi abaqeshiweyo, kwaye ngokweminye imithombo-abasebenzi bekhoboka. Imvelaphi idibene nenhlangano yeprofesti ye-caste, amajoni aseYalkhoroy ayenayo, ayilinde imida yezinye i-teips.

Babehlala kuloo dolophana, kunye nakwiiChechnya kunye ne-Ingushetia, apho basekela khona idolophana. U-Yalkhoroi bebancedisi abathembekileyo baka-Dzhokhar Dudayev. Kuze kube ngoku kule nkcubeko kukho inkolo yezilwanyana ezinamandla kunye nezinye izinto ezintle zentaba: ukuvakasha, ukuhlonela abafazi. Banobunzima obuqilileyo kunye nookhokho babo babhekisela kubantu abahloniphekileyo.

Kuphela ukufundiswa ngokwaneleyo kweeteksi. Imvelaphi yazo isungulwe kwaye iqinisekiswe zizifundo ezininzi zenzululwazi. Bonke abanye bayaziwa kakhulu ngaphantsi, kwaye ulwazi luyahluke ngenxa yokuba baqokelelwa kaninzi kwiimbali zomlomo kunye neengcamango.

I-Chechen Teyp Dash (Ishadi)

Le yintsapho enomdla kakhulu, eyona nto iphawulekayo kukuba iChartoans ayinakuze ilwa, kodwa ngokuchasene baba ngabagcini boxolo kwaye bahlala bebalamlamli kwiinkalo zaseNtchenko. Wayenokuba naye ngokwakhe, okanye ngoxolo uNokhmakhkaha - ulwazi luhlukile.

Babenesixeko esiseKetchnya - Chartoy-yurt, kodwa bahlala kwiindawo ezili-12 e-Chechnya naseGeorgia. Kwababameli abadumileyo nguNaib Imam Shamil kunye noKolonel kwi-Alexander yeyokuQala. Ngokutsho kwee-Chechen tips, ezivela kumaYuda, kuphela i-Teip Chartoy, oku kuchaza ezininzi iintlukwano phakathi kwale ntsapho kunye nabanye.

Belgata, Belta (Biltoy) kunye neChermoy

Kwakukho enkulu kwaye yaziwa kulo lonke iChechnya, iTeip Belgatoy ibekho njengenxalenye yeTepty Belta. Ingcamango yemvelaphi inhle kakhulu. Ngesinye isikhathi kwenzeka ukuba ubhubhane lwaluphelisa phantse yonke i-Belgatai, kodwa ababalekileyo ababalwayo baphinde bawandisa kwaye benza i-genus yabo iphumelele ngakumbi kunaphambili. Oku kuqinisekiswa yigama ngokwalo: bel - "die", gatto - "ukuvusa". Phakathi kwamaTchenke, abantu baseBelgait bathathwa njengabantu abanamandla kwaye banempumelelo.

I-Belta (okanye uBiltoy) yindawo enkulu kunye neyaziwayo. Ngenxa yoko kwafika umongameli uBeibulat Taimiev, owayephila ngexesha likaPushkin, ngaye umbongi owakubhala ngethuba lokuya eArzrum. Abantu baseBelta bahlalisa yonke indawo, kwaye kwixesha elidala bahlala kwisithili saseNozhayurtovsky, empuma yeChechnya. I-genus eyaziwayo, eyaziwa yi-Chechen Republic lonke. Uluphephe uhlala kwiindawo ezahlukeneyo, kodwa nantsi yindoda yezobupolitika ezivelele kunye ne-oyili-mafutha uTapa Chermoyev evela apha. Bahlala ngokubanzi kwiMekhkets kunye neentlanga zeChermoy-lam, nangamaxesha amandulo, njengokuba iimbali zithi, bonke abaMnyama babehlala bezinzulu kwiintaba.

I-Chechen i-Alleroi (Aleroi)

Igama le tepi lagcinwa kwibhodi yethusi, ekhutshwa yiokhokho eNakhsh. Bekulapha, ekuhlaleni kulo lonke ilizwe, kodwa ligxilwe kwi-Chechnya East, kwakukho kule ndlu uAslan Maskhadov ozelweyo, owayengumongameli, owaye waphonswa kwiimfesane. Le tepi ihlambulukile, kunye nezinye ezibhaliweyo kwi-bronze cauldron ifakwe kwiNakhchmakhaha. Ihlala kwizithili zeNozhai-Yurt neShali.

Imbali yabase-Allyrians ikhona kusukela ngekhulu leshumi elinesihlanu, emva kokuhlasela kukaKhan Timur, owaphazamisa abaninzi abemi basekhaya kwaye washiya abalawuli bakhe kwiiKardardino iinkosana, Takar, Nogai, uJaisan murz kunye neKhans e-Chechnya. AmaTchenke aphindaphinda ngokukhawuleza kwaye aqala ukuhlaselwa ngokukhawuleza kwabaseTimur, bezama ukubuyisana kwakhona-ukuba banqobe amazwe abo. Isiqalo sokuqala sakha i-aul ye-allergies, yabumbana nabantu basekhaya ababesele emva kokuhlasela kweTatar-Mongols ukukhusela amazwe abo. I-Alleroy izabelo phakathi kwezinye iithapi ezinhlanu, kuba i-genus iyeninzi, kwaye isacatshangelwa icocekile.

Benoa

Kumele ibe yinto enkulu kunazo zonke zeeteksi, ubuncinane-kwindawo yesibini kwinani. Umninimzi waseBenoist, uMalik Saydullaev, uthi ngaphandle kwezigidi ezingama-Chechen eziseleyo, amawaka amathathu anamanci mathandathu anamaTeipu Bena. Bahlakazekile kwiphablikhi, bahlukaniswe yaba yimiba elithoba. Kuzo zonke iimfazwe zathatha inxaxheba ebalulekileyo, apho bafumana khona udumo. Ngokomzekelo, iBassangur Benoevsky akazange amshiye uShamil de kube sekupheleni, nangona impumelelo yempi yahlukana neqhawe.

Inani elikhulu lamaBenoites lihlala kwi-diasporas ye-Near East, apho ugubungela luxhaphaza lonke ihlabathi. Kwaye e-Chechnya, ngokuphambene noko, amaBenoites ayithathwa njengento eqhelekileyo kunye nobuqili. Kodwa ke apha abayikwesaba, bethembekile kwilizwi kunye nomsebenzi. Kwiminyaka emininzi edlulileyo, i-backbone ye-strata yoluntu yabantu yayisungulwe, elalikhupha amandla eDagestani kunye nabalawuli baseKabardinian. Laba booyise ngentando yesininzi yeentaba, ezaba sisiseko sengqondo. Phakathi kwentsapho yeTeip Ben, kukho igazi leRashiya neGeorgia.

Gendargena

Itheyipu ininzi kakhulu kwaye idumile, ngaphezu koko - isikhungo, kwiNokhchimokhka yembali, yahlala ngokubanzi ngeCzech. Idiplomat kunye nezopolitiko uDoku Zavgaev uvela apha. Kukho inqolobane yeChechnya, iDagestan kunye neendawo ezininzi ezikude. Kukho apha ukuba i-Nashi yangaphambili yamaSilamsi yayikho njengeziko lenkcubeko, lezopolitiko, izithethe kunye nenkolo.

Apha iBhunga lelizwe lasekwa (Mehk khelov), ukusuka apho i-Chechen teips ecocekileyo yabonakala khona, phakathi kwayo, kunye neGendargena, abameli bayo kulo lonke iimbali zelizwe bahlala kwenye yezona ndawo zibalaseleyo. Amandla aseSoviet avumela amaGendargeni ukuba afunde oko benzayo ngempumelelo enkulu kunamanye amaqela. Yingakho le teip yanika ilizwe iinkokheli ezininzi, amalungu eqela kunye nabaphathi bezoshishino.

Kharachoy noDhhni

Le tepi idume ngabameli bayo - uZelimkhan Kharachoevsky noRuslan Khasbulatov, ababehlala kwiiminyaka ezidlulileyo, kodwa bafumana malunga nodumo olufanayo. Iinkcukacha malunga nale ndlu zafika kumaxwebhu aseRussia abhaliweyo kakhulu, kwaye amaChechen athi ayenamaKrachoites abokuqala ukutshata namaRashiya, awazange avimbe uZelimkhan ukuba abe ngumkhosi obalaseleyo kumandla we-tsarist xa iCaucasus inokutshatyalaliswa. I-Chechnya ihlonipha le teip kakhulu.

Deshni yintsapho yeentaba, eningizimu-mpuma yelizwe, iyingcingo ye-teips. Kuze kube ngoku iifowuni zamagama zigcinwe apha. Omnye walabo banxiba le minyaka emininzi edlulileyo wakwazi ukutshata nomninimkhulu waseGeorgia, ekhupha uDesni-lam, onguzo zonke izibilini, ezakhe. Ngoku u-Deshni uhlala kuyo yonke indawo, kwiseNgushetia.

Nashkhoy noZurzakho

I-Nashkho - ilizwe lakwa-teips ecocekileyo, i-entogenetic isikhungo se-Nokchimatins ephakathi, esichazwe yii-geographer ze-Armenian zekhulu le-18. Wahlala kumzantsi-mpuma welizwe. Abanye abaphandi bacinga ukuba bonke abemi beli ndawo babe yinye itekisi. Abanye - ukwahlula.

I-Zurzakho yincinci yekhokho, nangenxa yegama layo eligcinwe lixesha elide-dzurzuk, njengokuba okhokho bamaChechens no-Ingush bazibiza bona. Le teip in thumb yangena, isoloko ithatha isikhundla esizimeleyo. Le nto yayingayedwa, kuseSadoy, ePeshkhi, Majstoy.