USalvador Dali: iimifanekiso ezidumileyo. Dali: ubuchule

Ngokuzithemba, sinokuthi abantu abangazange bave ngoDali, abakho nje. Abanye bayamazi ngomsebenzi wakhe wokudala, owawubonakalisa ixesha elihle ebomini loluntu, abanye - ngokukrakra, apho wayehlala khona kunye nopende.

Yonke imisebenzi kaSalvador Dali yimihla yethu yezigidi, kwaye zihlala zihlala zijaji zobungcali ezikulungele ukuhlawula umrhumo.

UDali kunye nobuntwana bakhe

Into yokuqala ekufuneka yathethiwe ngomculi omkhulu nguSpeyin. Ngendlela, ubunikazi bakhe besizwe uDali wayezikhukhumeza kwaye wayeyintando yenene yelizwe lakhe. Intsapho apho azalwe khona, ngokuyininzi imisele indlela yokuphila, iimpawu zesimo. Umama womdali omkhulu wayenomntu onqula ngokwenene, ngoxa uyise wayengakholelwa kuThixo. Ukususela ebuntwaneni, uSalvador Dali wagxininiswa kwimeko ye polysemy, ukungahambi kakuhle.

Umbhali wepeyinti, oqikelelwa kwizigidi, wayengumfundi obuthathaka. Ukuba nomsindo ongenasiphelo, umnqweno ongenakukulawula ukuveza uluvo lwakhe, ukucinga okungakumbi akuzange kumvumele ukuba aphumelele impumelelo enkulu ekufundiseni, kodwa njengomculi uDali wazibonakalisa ngokukhawuleza. Ubuchule bakhe bokuqala bokudweba bephawulwa nguRamon Pichot, owawulathisa italente yomdali oneminyaka elishumi elinamibini kwindlela efanelekileyo. Ngoko, eneminyaka elishumi elinesine umculi waselula wenza imisebenzi yakhe kwimiboniso eyayibanjwe kwiFiueres.

Ulutsha

Umsebenzi kaSalvador Dali wamvumela ukuba angene kwi-Academy of Arts Fine Madrid, kodwa umculi osemncinci kwaye wayesebenzileyo akazange ahlale apho ixesha elide. Ukuqinisekiswa ngokubodwa kwakhe, ngokukhawuleza waxoshwa esikolweni. Kamva, ngowe-1926, uDali wanquma ukuqhubela phambili izifundo zakhe, kodwa waphinde wakhishwa ngaphandle, sele engenalo ilungelo lokubuyiselwa. Inendima enkulu ebomini yomculi osemncinci wadlaliswa ngumntu owaziwayo noLuis Bonjuela, owaba ngumnye wabalawuli abadumileyo abasebenzela uhlobo lobuncwane, kunye noFederico García Lorca, owathi wenyuka kwimbali njengenye yeembongi zeSpeyin.

Ukuxoshwa kwi-Academy of Art, umcebisi oselula uDali akazange afihle imifanekiso yakhe, eyamenza ukuba ahlele umboniso wakhe ebusheni bakhe, owaye watyelelwa nguPablo Picasso omkhulu.

Muse weSalvador Dali

Kakade ke, nayiphina umculi ufuna iimyuziyam. U-Dali, waba nguGala Eluard, owayekho Umzuzu wokwazi i-surrealist enkulu utshatile. Ukunyamekela okukhulu, ukunyusa okugqithiseleyo kwaba ngumgudu wokushiya indoda yakhe iGala kunye nomsebenzi osebenzayo kuSalvador Dali ngokwakhe. Othandekayo waba ngu-surrealist kungekhona nje umkhuthazi, kodwa nohlobo lomphathi. Ngombulelo kwimigudu yakhe, umsebenzi kaSalvador Dali waziwa eLondon, eNew York naseBrazil. Ubuqaqawuli bomculi bufumene isilinganisi ehluke ngokupheleleyo.

I-Avalanche yozuko

Njengoko kuyimfuneko naluphi na uhlobo lokudala, umculi uDali uhlale ephuhliswe, efuna phambili, ezobugcisa nezilungelelanisiweyo. Kakade, oku kwakhokelela ekutshintsheni okubalulekileyo ebomini bakhe, ubuncinci babo bekungabandakanywa kwiluhlu lwabaxhasi. Nangona kunjalo, ekusebenzeni kwakhe oku akuzange kuthinte. Amawaka amaninzi, emva koko iimiboniso zee-dollar zemali zanda. Ukuqwashiswa ngobukhulu beza kumculi emva kokupapashwa kwezinto ezizenzekelayo, ukusabalalisa okuthengiswa ngexesha lokurekhoda.

Imisebenzi edumileyo

Umntu ongazi msebenzi omnye ka-Salvador Dali akakho nje, kodwa bambalwa banokubiza ngisho nemisebenzi embalwa yomculi omkhulu. Kulo lonke ihlabathi, imisebenzi yomculi onyantya igcinwa njenge-apple kwiso labo kwaye iboniswa kwizigidi zeendwendwe kwiimyuziyam kunye nemiboniso.

U-Salvador Dali odweba kakhulu odwetswe ngophawu oluphantse lube luhlobo oluthile lweemvakalelo, ngenxa yomsindo othile. Ngokomzekelo, "Ukuzibonakalisa ngokuzenzekelayo nentamo kaRafael" kubhaliwe emva kokufa kuka-unina womculi, okwakungenxa kaDali ukukhathazeka kwangempela, njengoko wayevuma ngokuphindaphindiweyo.

"Ukubambisana kweememori" - enye yemisebenzi edumileyo yeDali. Ngulo mfanekiso unamagama amaninzi ahlukeneyo asebenzayo ngokulinganayo kwi-art criticism circles. Kwinqanawa kule meko, indawo apho umculi wayehlala khona kwaye wasebenza - iPort Lligata. Abaphandi abaninzi bezinto zobuqili bathi ummandla oselunxwemeni ubonakalisiwe kulo mfanekiso ukungahambi ngaphakathi ngaphakathi komdali. USalvador Dali "Ixesha" (njengoko bebiza le mfa nekiso) wenziwa phantsi kwengqiqo ye-cheese ethi "Camembert", apho, mhlawumbi, yabonakala imifanekiso eqingqiweyo yomsebenzi wobugcisa. Amawashi, athola kwiifom zangasese ezingenakunqandwa, afanekisela ukuqonda komntu kunye neememori. "Ukubambisana kweememori" ngokuqinisekileyo nguyena wemisebenzi ebalulekileyo kunye nengqiqo kaSalvador Dali.

Ubuninzi bokudala

Ayikho imfihlo yokuba imizobo kaSalvador Dali ihluke kakhulu. Ixesha elithile ebomini bomculi libonakaliswa ngenye indlela okanye ngesinye isitayela, isitayela, isiqondiso esithile. Ngexesha apho umdali ebhengeze esidlangalaleni: "Ukunyaniseka kum!" - ngowomsebenzi obhaliweyo ukususela ngo-1929 ukuya ku-1934. Eli xesha liquka ezo zemizobo njenge "William Tell", "uMoya wokuhlwa", "Bleeding Roses" nabanye abaninzi.

Imisebenzi eludwelisweyo ihluke kakhulu kwimizobo yexesha, elingaphelelanga ngo-1914 no-1926, xa uDali Salvador wagcina ubuchule bakhe kwimida ethile. Imisebenzi yokuqala yomphathi wokutshatyalaza ibonakaliswe ngokulingana okukhulu, ubukhulu, uxolo olukhulu lwengqondo, kwinqanaba elithile. Phakathi kwale miboniso ingabonwa "iMthendeleko yaseFiwuuas," "Umfanekiso kabawo," ebhalwe ngo-1920-1921, "Ukujonga iCadaques ukusuka eNtabeni iPani."

USalvador Dali wabhala iimifanekiso ezidumileyo kunye emva kowe-1934. Ukususela ngeli thuba indlela yomculi yaba "yinto ephambili ebalulekileyo". Kulo mva, umdali wasebenza kude ngo-1937. Phakathi kweDali ebhaliweyo ngelo xesha iidumileyo zenziwe imidwebo ethi "Ukwakhiwa okuQinisekileyo ngeebhontshisi ezibilisiwe (Ukumemezela kweMfazwe yombutho)" kunye ne "Atavistic Rest of the Rain"

Ixesha "eliphambili" elilandelelweyo lalandelwa yi-American. Kwangoku ngeli xesha uDali wabhala igama lakhe elidumileyo elithi "Dream", "Galarin" kunye ne "Dream, ephefumlelwe yintambo yeenyosi ejikeleze igromegranate, umzuzwana ngaphambi kokuvuswa."

Ukwandisa, umsebenzi kaSalvador Dali ukhula ngokukhawuleza kwexesha. Ixesha laseMelika lilandelwa lixesha le-nyukliya. Umzobo "ukuzineliseka kweSodom yintombi engenanto" kubhaliwe ngeli xesha. Ngelo xesha, ngo-1963, "iBhunga lee-Ecumenical" labhalwa.

UDali uhlala phantsi

Ixesha ukususela ngo-1963 ukuya ku-1983, abagxeki bezobugcisa bathiwa yithuba "inxaxheba yokugqibela". Imisebenzi yale minyaka iyancipha kunezo zangaphambili. Zine-geometry ecacileyo, iifayile ezithembekileyo kakhulu, ezingabonakaliyo, zithe qhaqhaza, kodwa imida ecacileyo kwaye ibe yimizila eqinile. Apha ungakwazi ukwahlula "uWarrior" owaziwayo, obhalwe ngowe-1982, okanye "Ukubonakala kobuso buka- Aphrodite waseCnidus malunga nemvelaphi yelizwe".

Dali owaziwa phantsi

Bambalwa abantu abazi, kodwa uSalvador Dali odweba kakhulu odweyiweyo akadalwa kuphela kwinqwelo kunye nemithi kwaye kungekhona nje ngoncedo lwamapende. Ukuqhelana nomculi noLuis Bonuelle kungekudala kuphela ukucacisa i-future direction of Dali's creativity, kodwa kubonakaliswe kwifilimu ethi "Inja yaseAndalusi", eyaxhalabisa abaphulaphuli ngexesha layo. Yayiye le filimu eyaba yinto yokubetha ebusweni bombhoxo.

Kungekudala, iindlela zikaDali noBonuelle zahlakazeka, kodwa umsebenzi wabo ohlangeneyo wehla kwimbali.

Dali kunye nokuthuka

Nokuba imbonakalo yomculi ithi lolu hlobo lubuchule obunzulu, oluqhelekileyo kwaye luzama elitsha, elingaziwa. UDali akazange ahlukaniswe ngumnqweno wokuzola, ukubonakala kwendabuko. Ngokuchaseneyo, kunye nama-antics akhe angavamile, wayeziqheno kwaye wayesebenzisa zonke iindlela ukuze azuze. Ngokuphathelele amadevu akhe, umzekelo, umculi wabhala incwadi, ebabiza ngokuthi "ama-antenna ekuboneni ubugcisa."

Enye yeentlanganiso zakhe ngokucinga ukuba uDali wanqwenela ukuchitha kwi-suit suit, ephantse iphazamise.

UDali El Salvador wabeka umsebenzi wakhe ngaphezu kwayo yonke into. Umculi uzuze inkazimulo ngeendlela ezingalindelekanga, iindlela eziqhelekileyo, onokucinga ngazo zonke. Wathenga iibhilidi zeedola ze-$ 2, ngoko uthengisa incwadi malunga nale nyathelo ngemali eninzi. Umculi wavikela ilungelo lokufakela kwakhe ukuba abekho ngokutshatyalaliswa kwawo kwaye aqhube kumapolisa.

USalvador Dali, iimifanekiso ezidumileyo ezishiywe emva kwexabiso elikhulu. Nangona kunjalo, kunye neenkumbulo zobume bakhe abangaqhelekanga, abangaqondakaliyo kunye nelizwe.