Uqoqosho Georgia emva kokuba Ukuwa kweUSSR kunye nophuhliso yayo (ngokufutshane). Indawo Georgia kuqoqosho lwehlabathi

uqoqosho Georgia iselelona ngexesha elivela ngurhulumente yiSoviet Union yathi akhula ngokukhawuleza. Ukususela kwiminyaka yoo-1910s kwiminyaka engama-60, i-National Treasury iye yakhula phantse oluphindwe-100. Kwaba eGeorgia waba imivuzo ezinkulu kunye nezibonelelo zoluntu. babekhupha iinkuntyula zaye sasetyenziswa nguRhulumente kwi inguqu ukusuka kwezolimo kwicandelo mveliso. Ngu-1980 eli lizwe bebeye ukuvelisa iimveliso zepetroliyam, iimveliso zesinyithi kunye nezixhobo. Kananjalo kubalulekile ukuba siqaphele ukuba izikhombisi eliphezulu amazwe.

uqoqosho Georgia emva kokuwa USSR

Kwiminyaka yokuqala emva ekuweni yiSoviet Union, uhlahlo lwabiwo-mali eli lizwe unenzondelelo utshintsho emikhulu. Esona sizathu siphambili sokuba ombi kuqoqosho lwasekhaya yayikukuphelisa umongameli Georgia ukuba aqhube naliphi na ubudlelwane urhwebo ne-Russia. Umphumo waba nokwehla okukhulu yokusebenza industrial karhulumente kunye 60% ekupheleni kuka-1992.

Kwiminyaka embalwa kamva le ngxaki olubachaphazela ngayo imveliso ngomlinganiselo omkhulu nje kuphela, kodwa ezinye shishino. Kuzukiswa ngamaxesha Soviet, Georgia amaHlathi kwaphela ukuba khona. yatshatyalaliswa izithuthi kunye nezibonelelo mveliso. Currency ixabiso yi 9,000%. Umphumo waba imveliso bahlehla mass ngqesho, imivuzo ephantsi. Formation kunye nophuhliso loqoqosho Georgian iqale ekupheleni kuka-1995. Le isizathu mboleko emikhulu evela Bank yeHlabathi. Ngethamsanqa, kwamanani wayeka, siye iinguqu ngempumelelo kwiindawo zoshishino kunye neenkonzo. Ukususela ngo-1996 kweli lizwe, ekugqibeleni, ndaqalisa ukubona nokufunyanwa kwemali.

Ngeminyaka yee-2000 iyekwe 60% kweentlawulo yerhafu, kwatsala zabatyali-mali bangaphandle ukuseka abafowunelwa kunye ngemali ngamazwe. Kwiminyaka yakutshanje, uqoqosho Georgia ukho kwi amaqabane ezoshishino angaphandle kunye infusions rhoqo ngetyala.

nemboni

Namhlanje Georgia Uqoqosho ngokufutshane linokuchazwa njengoko stably post-mveliso. Nakuba kunjalo, indima ebaluleke kangaka kude yadlalwa kwezolimo. Ukususela ngowe-1993 ukuya kowama-2008, icandelo lezolimo lehla ukuya kwinqanaba ka-25%. Esi sabelo isasazwa ngokulinganayo phakathi mhlaba yenkcubeko kunye nemfuyo.

Emva kwentlekele kwezoqoqosho 2000 yoo, abasemagunyeni Georgian abasekho yokwaba imali eninzi ukuze ukuxhasa ezolimo. Okwangoku, eli lizwe usele% 16 kuphela komhlaba ofanelekileyo uqhekeko. Uninzi ilizwe kudluliselwa noosomashishini babucala kunye namafama. Isabelo kwicandelo lezolimo ithatha-12% ye-GDP yelizwe. Kutshanje, isivuno isivuno kwemveliso iphantsi kakhulu. Isizathu ewonke ukusweleka izichumiso kunye noomatshini mihla. Kuyaphawuleka ukuba eGeorgia ngoku okokuqala kwimbali yayo, befuna ukwenzelwa asuka ezongezelelweyo yembewu. umhlaba yomdiliya kwehle nge-75%, iti - 94%, yenkcubeko - phantse-50%.

Njengoko ngokuba imfuyo, ukanti nalapha kukho umkhwa negative. Nzuzo kusuka kweli candelo yawa phantse 80%.

Iimpawu imboni

Le ombi kule minyaka ingama-20 idlulileyo apho kunye necandelo mveliso. kumazwe afumileyo uzodlala lehla kwi-12%. Nyaka ngamnye, uqoqosho Georgia bukaThixo agcwaliswa kushishino 2-2.5 billion zeerandi.

Inzuzo kakhulu nophuhliso nilukhanyiselo kunye nokutya mveliso, kwakunye iintsimbi non-ayoni. Kubekho ukwanda zokulima kumashishini extractive kunye nezimbiwa kwi kwamanzi, icandelo igesi, processing iinkuni kunye neeminerali. Ishishini lokutya yintsika yoqoqosho Georgian. Iziselo kunye nokutya kweli lizwe zaziwa kude ngaphaya kwemida yawo. Oku kuyinyaniso ngokukodwa yeti, brandy, iwayini, icuba, oli, amanzi izimbiwa, ezinye iziqhamo kunye nemifuno.

Kufuneka kuqatshelwe lweshishini lemichiza. isabelo sayo kwicandelo lokuvelisa eli lizwe ithatha malunga ne-6%. Iimveliso uthandwayo kushishino zithathwa izichumisi initrogen, ipeyinti ivanishi iimveliso kunye nefayibha ezenziwe ngumntu.

Amandla Fuel Complex

nelahleko ebonakalayo kuqoqosho Georgia xa luhlangabezana nyaka ngamnye ngenxa 100% ye angaphandle nge-oyile. Uninzi amafutha zithengwa kwi Azerbaijan. A isimo esifanayo kunye negesi yendalo, kodwa kukho sele umthengisi enkulu Russia. Energy ezimbaxa kwisuntswana lizwe isekelwe kwizityalo ngamandla amakhulu thermal kunye ngamanzi. Okubangel 'umdla kukuba kukho inxalenye enkulu omlinganiselo ilawulwa kubatyali-Russian. Enye inkalo ye zakhiwo amandla Georgian yi ukusebenza engumzekelo zonke iinkqubo zangaphakathi kunye Azerbaijan.

izityalo samandla obushushu ezimbini kuphela, kodwa bayakwazi ukuyigubungela 2/3 kweli lizwe. Ke ukuba isakhiwo ngamanzi, ke intliziyo yayo isikhululo samandla ngamanzi Inguri, ekwaziyo ukuphuhlisa izakhono 1,300 MW. Lwezikhululo ezincinane ziyakwazi ukuchongeka kunye Perepadnaya Vartsikhe.

Lonke uqoqosho

A igalelo elibalulekileyo mali karhulumente le minyaka ngeengcingo. inzuzo kwazo kuqikelelwa kwi-4% ye-GDP. Kwakhokelela ekwandeni kuphuhliso kulo msebenzi iye yabonakala ekupheleni kuka-2008. Kuyaphawuleka ukuba eGeorgia inika iindleko kuyabiza kakhulu cellular sezikhundla lesithathu ehlabathini.

urhwebo angaphandle kwiminyaka yakutshanje iphawulwa kukwehla kakhulu. Intsalela ezigxekayo kumiselwa kwanda kwemfuno kunye nemfuneko asuka kunokuba angaphandle. I impahla kakhulu ethandwa Georgian ingqalelo ferroalloys negolide ekrwada. Falls kunye nomthamo zemveliso izixhobo ezifana namalahle, manganese, kwaye nezentsimbi ekrwada zobhedu. Kodwa wathi ngesikhephe abakhenkethi ngenxa yokurhoxiswa visa umbuso.

ubume bezemali

A nokwehla kakhulu kuwo onke amacandelo imveliso kunye neenkonzo imisela ukuba indawo yangoku ka Georgia kuqoqosho lwehlabathi. Ngokwemigaqo ye-GDP kweli lizwe ranking umgca kuphela 113. KaNondyebo Georgia iqikelelwa kwi $ 16.5 yezigidi zezigidi. Ingeniso avareji ngenyanga nganye nganye capita yahluka phakathi zeedola 300.

Eyona ethile engundoqo lwesakhiwo mali yelizwe isengozini iimeko zangaphandle. Tbilisi uqoqosho lusekelwe kwi-mboleko kunye mali. Noko ke, ekuphela kwendlela abasemagunyeni Ungavala intsilelo mali.

Kule minyaka iyi-10 idlulileyo, uncedo amazwe eGeorgia yaba euro 3 billion. Ukuza kuthi ga ngoku, le ityala likarhulumente lingaphezu kwe-11 ezigidi. Idola.