Uphi na iziko vasomotor? ixabiso layo

Inkqubo olujikeleza umzimba ibaluleke kakhulu. Eneneni, ngenxa yegazi ngemithambo kwenzeka igazi neoksijini delivery. Ngaphandle kolu phawu, abantu babengayi kukwazi ukuphila. It unoxanduva lomsebenzi iziko vasomotor umzimba. Njengoko ngokunjalo zonke iindlela zolawulo, oko engqondweni. ukwenzakala kwakhe kuyingozi kakhulu kwaye kaninzi akuvumelani ebomini. Eneneni, ngenxa kwiziko vasomotor iza ukuhanjiswa igazi ukuze amalungu. Naye ngokuyinxenye silawula umsebenzi intliziyo. Ngaphandle ukuzimela le myocardium, ulawulo luvo nangoku kuyimfuneko.

Ingcamango iziko vasomotor

Le mbono "iziko vasomotor" sichazwe ngale ndlela: ukuba indlela ukuyilwa yokwakheka, ibekwe ebuchotsheni. Nangona kunjalo, lo gama kufuneka ziqwalaselwe kakhulu. Okokuqala ayikho umzimba, kodwa iseti kwingxelo, equka luvo kwithishyu. inxalenye ngasinye unoxanduva imisebenzi ethile. Kunjalo, bonke basebenza kunye ukuqinisekisa ukuba imisebenzi ye-nkqubo sentliziyo. Ezi iziko amasebe vasomotor wahlanganisa kuphela nokubala kodwa anatomically. Oko kukuthi, yi-luvo. Kuba okokuqala kulawulwe olujikeleza, oko kwazeka kwi kwenkulungwane ye-19. Xa ukuhlola izilwanyana Ovseanicov Scientist bafumanisa ukuba ngokusika izihlunu luvo ibekwe ngezantsi colliculus, kukho utshintsho uxinzelelo lwegazi. Komzimba waqukumbela: olwaphula le sakhiwo kubangela izitya ukwandiswa ingqondo mnye, kunye nezinye isithintelo. Emva kwale nowolawulo ubesoloko ethatha efunda.

iziko vasomotor Indawo

Kukholelwa ukuba iziko vasomotor ifumaneka kwi Oblongata Medulla. Kodwa ukuba uthathe ingqalelo thina zonke izakhiwo ezichaphazela nowolawulo igazi, le ekugwebeni asiyonyaniso ngokupheleleyo. Ekubeni kwimicu vasomotor luvo zisuka kwi embindini umnqonqo, elementi yayo yokugqibela lo uthinte. Eyokuqala ke axons - iinkqubo ze iiseli. Sami luvo ibekwe eliphezulu empontshwa emithathu kwaye zonke thoracic ziqwempu umnqonqo. I ngqo kwasendaweni lwabo - uphondo lateral. Ngenxa yeendawo zawo zibizwa kumaziko vasoconstrictor spinal. Noko ke, lo gama ayilunganga, njengoba imicu abakwazi ukuphembelela ngaphandle kwezinye iiyunithi. iziko vasomotor Medulla ise kwi ventricle 4. Kuyinto Sisihloko iiseli zemithambo-luvo. A kwasendaweni echanileyo ngakumbi kweziko vasomotor - ukuba yinxalenye ophantsi yaye phakathi fossa rhomboid. Inxalenye luvo ibekwe kumiswa reticular.

Emva amasebe ezinxulumene kwamakhonkco zomthetho kweli ziko le ngxenye kunye yee-nobuchopho. Kukho luvo ibekwe ukuba banoxanduva utshintsho kumsebenzi nemithambo. Ikhonkco lokugqibela ithathwa ukuba neuron. Ukuba uyancedisa amasebe phambi Orbital injini.

iziko Vasomotor: amalungu omzimba

Ukuba ngqondweni zonke iindawo inkqubo vasomotor ukusuka ezantsi ukuya phezulu, kufuneka uqale luvo ibekwe apha emqolo. Baya kumka evela axons novelwano preganglionic (okuzenzela). Ezi yunithi abakwazi ukulawula ilizwi labo, kodwa adlulisele amaza ezinye iiseli zemithambo ezityeni. Kuba okokuqala zibaluleke lwabo Scientist eyaziwayo Ovsyannikov, okwenza ukufunyanwa kakhulu zomzimba. Wafumanisa ukuba ukwahlulwa ingqondo kunye umnqonqo kwenzeka yokuncipha kwenani uxinzelelo lwegazi. Noko ke, emva kwexesha kwakhona oku kwandisa uxinzelelo lwegazi (ngezantsi baseline) yaye ixhaswa imicu ngenxa ngaphandle preganglionic. Le Oblongata Medulla na iziko-luvo - vasomotor. Lunoxanduva lokulawula kwisebe spinal. zomzimba yakhe: luvo ise iziko, zohlulwa ngokwendidi-2. Eyokuqala linoxanduva umsebenzi pressor (vasoconstriction). Iqela lesibini ebangela ukuthanjiswa endothelium. Ekukholelwa ukuba luvo enoxanduva vasoconstriction, Zindoyisile ngenani. Iiseli ngoku kwi ephakathi, kunokubangela uxinzelelo lwegazi kwalo. I-luvo ye kummandla hypothalamic, phezu koko, wenze njengoko depressants, oko kukuthi, kukhokelela ekubeni aphole kwemithambo yegazi. Uninzi luvo kucanda kweli ziko, ibekwe kule Oblongata Medulla. Ukongeza, inxalenye axons spinal Connect ezahlulwe ngqo kunye yobuchopho. neuron Front ichaphazela zombini inzuzo kunye inhibition yomsebenzi zemithambo-luvo akhiwe kule links asezantsi.

Isahlulo kweziko vasomotor kumasebe

Sisazi ukuba ummiselo olwenziwe ziiyunithi ezininzi e-nervous system, kunokwenzeka ukuba kubabela elo ziko zilandelayo amasebe vasomotor:

1. umnqonqo. Iimpondo zisecaleni thoracic kunye empontshwa ziqwempu nucleus preganglionic. Baya kumka evela axons - imicu.
2. Ngqo kwiziko vasomotor. Kweli candelo indawo luvo unoxanduva ukucuthwa le endothelium kunye vasoconstriction.
3. Obuphakathi. Iiseli ziyafumaneka kweli candelo, kunokubangela licuthe udonga inqanawa.
4. indawo Hypothalamic. Luvo banoxanduva ukunyenyiswa izihlunu semithambo, elinxulunyaniswa nazo zozibini ezi ziko ngokwayo, bangegqithi kunye iiseli umnqonqo.
5. INKUNDLA neuron. Nangona into yokuba inkoliso luvo ibekwe kwindawo ngaphambili, oko impembelelo ye kwezinye iindawo zobuchopho kunokwenzeka.

Nangona ubukho kumasebe 5, iisayikholojisti wabahlula ulawulo vasomotor abaphathi-2 kuphela. Ezi ziquka ummandla spinal kunye bulbar le ifayibha. Kumafa zawo zonke ezinye iiseli zemithambo-luvo, echaphazela ilizwi nemithambo. Zombini ukuhlelwa zithathwa esebenzayo.

iziko Vasomotor: Body

Njengoko yaziwa, injongo ephambili kukulawula ithoni iziko vasomotor. Ngalinye iinxalenye zayo lenza umsebenzi walo. Noko ke, kokucima ikhonkco ubuncinane omnye kukhokelela ukuphazamiseka imithambo yegazi umzimba uphela. Bucala le misebenzi ilandelayo:

1. Ukuqhuba pulses (iimpawu) ezivela kumacandelo cortical kunye Medulla ukuya kwimida ethile. Oku kubhekisela ifuthe-luvo nasezimpahleni kwanikwa amalungu. Lo msebenzi wenziwa enkosi imicu spinal preganglionic.
2. Ukugcinwa ilizwi yegazi. Ukusebenza oqhelekileyo, uxinzelelo lwegazi ngalinye isebe kugcinwa kwinqanaba elifanelekileyo.
3. Ukuphumla kanye vasoconstriction. Ngqo bachaphazeleka ziko limi kwi Oblongata Medulla.
4. Ukuqinisekisa flow igazi eyaneleyo kunye nokusasazwa kwalo yelungu ngalinye.
5. Thermoregulation. Lo msebenzi wenziwa utshintsho kwi sayo olujikeleza. ukwanda lwabo waphawula kwindawo efudumeleyo, kwaye isithintelo kwenzeka kwiqondo lobushushu eliphantsi.

ngokunxulumene nalo iziko intliziyo

Ngaphandle kwento yokuba iziko vasomotor inoxanduva ukwanda nokurhwaqela yethishyu endothelial, oko onesiphumo kwi imisipha intliziyo. Oku kubandakanya iiseli kwi osecaleni inxalenye 4 fossa ventricle. Yinto eyaziwayo ukuba innervation entliziyweni lwenziwa ngoncedo imicu novelwano. On kwazo yiminqweno yakhe Oblongata Medulla. Ngenxa yesiphumo ukusebenza kwentliziyo. Oku kuboniswa tachycardia. Ukwenziwa buthathaka umsebenzi intliziyo luvo kweli ziko vasomotor inxaxheba. Bona ise kwinxalenye medial. Ukusuka apho, ukuba iimpawu yiya ku eziba amanakani okuba le-luvo vagus. Nangona isibakala sokuba omnye umsebenzi imisipha intliziyo automatism, osebenza ngayo kunokwenzeka ngaphandle inxaxheba ingqondo hayi.

WokuLawula centre vasomotor

Impembelelo luvo iziko vasomotor ibekwe kwi Medulla, ukuze cortical isakhiwo. Ngapha koko, ukuba indlela engundoqo ukulawulwa amaqela asezantsi. luvo Cortical kungabangela zombini ukuhla kunye nokwanda umsebenzi kwiziko vasomotor. Ukongeza, kukho kwakhona ummiselo reflex. Kuliwa kunye sinus carotid kunye arch aortic. Oku kungenxa mechanoreceptors. Phezu le pulses bayavuka ecaleni vagus kunye depressor luvo kumaziko vasomotor. Xa umsebenzi nokudakumba efanayo eli sebe kwandiswa. Ngenxa yoko, imithambo yegazi ukuphumla kunye noxinzelelo lwegazi. vasodilation kuzakubangela ukusebenza ngumongo luvo vagus.

utshintsho ithoni centre vasomotor

Phantsi yempembelelo yeemeko ezahlukeneyo kwenzeka dysregulation. Ngenxa ithoni vasomotor kuyahlukahlukana iziko. Kwiimeko eziqhelekileyo, oku kwenziwa ngokusebenzisa ummiselo reflex. Xa ngezifo kuphula ithoni. Imizekelo izifo ezahlukeneyo semithambo, yegazi, ukutyeba. Kwakhona, unciphiso okanye ukwanda ithoni anokuthi alungi-lungiswe phantsi kwempembelelo yeziyobisi (iziyobisi umfutho, vasopressors).

Isiphumo kwemichiza kwi anxulumene nemithambo Centre

nefuthe elingqale kule iindlela rhoqo olujikeleza sinokuba imichiza emzimbeni. Umzekelo carbon dioxide leyo ebangelwa egazini ngexesha oksijini ngxaki (umoya). Phantsi kweempembelelo weli enezo iziko vasomotor. Kwiingozi ezimasikizi, ukunqongophala elide ioksijini kunokukhokelela ekukhubazekeni.