Yeyiphi neoli ngcono - 5W30 okanye 5W40 (ebusika)? I oil kakhulu ebusika

Ubhalo lobushushu uluhlu 5W30 no 5W40 oyile ubenze ethandwayo phakathi abanini imoto Russian. Kutheni? Ziziphi iingenelo baya kufumana kule injini, apho ioli ilungile: 5W30 okanye 5W40 ebusika?

Wokwenziwa okanye semi-ezenziwe

Okwangoku, kukho umkhwa ukuba aye phambili ngakumbi uluhlu viscosity. Amanyathelo ibalulekileyo kule nkalo, ekhemisi baye ukusekwa ezenziwe, esongeza onke amacandelo ezintsha. Umzekelo, inkampani "Mobil" nguye kuqala igrisi eyenziweyo kwi emarikeni, ukusebenza nayo nasekusebenziseni iminyaka engamashumi amathathu. Inani elikhulu okhuphisana ezintsha na ulele, kwaye bachitha iimali ezinkulu imali ukwenza imveliso entsha ezinga eliphezulu. Kodwa ababhekisi ezivelisa zokwenziwa ekugxilwe ezizodwa kakhulu, umzekelo, ngokuba iinjini diesel enzima-umsebenzi, akukho akwanelanga.

Ukongeza "Pyatorochka" - ezenziwe, kukho efanayo semi-ezenziwe. Kutheni ungasebenzisi nto? Kakade ke, ungasebenzisa kwakhona i amanzi ezimbiwa elulwelo, yongeza thickeners apho, icandelo eyenziweyo kunye iseti mihla kwezithako - kwaye ufumana kakhulu umgangatho semi-zokwenziwa ioli injini ebusika umzekelo. Noko ke, siyazi ukuba ngeengcebiso zayo kuyo nayiphi na imeko ibe ngaphantsi kwe kunye ezenziwe. Ngapha koko, oli-based lidlala indima ebalulekileyo ekubekeni isiseko physico-chemical.

umfanekiso othile kwasuka ipetroli. Nayiphi into into yokuzoba ngalo abangekaphuhli indlela esezantsi-octane ipetroli 80 Wongezwa ukuze ufumane nobuninzi additive AI-98. Kodwa, akuba wasebenza kwisibaso ezinjalo, i-injini kuya kufuna ukulungiswa ngokukhawuleza: ubuncinane kuya kufuneka ukuba ngamanzi injector kwaye ubuyisele plug yintlantsi. Kucacile ukuba ipetroli yinxalenye ezikumgangatho ophezulu kuya kufunyanwa kuphela ngokusetyenziswa kobuchwepheshe ezifanelekileyo.

viscosity

Olu phawu lubalulekile kulwelo ethambisayo xa iqatyiwe. Le parameter ichaza umda ioli izicelo obushushu. Ngoko ke, yintoni uhlobo ioli kuhle: 5W30 okanye 5W40 (ebusika okanye ehlotyeni), umthetho uza kuthatha isigqibo ngale parameter. Ukuba isalathiso iphantsi, kufuneka ibe igrisi viscous kakhulu ukuphumeza i lokulayita starter motor ukumpompa kwi impompo. Xa imo ophezulu-oyile, ngokuchaseneyo, angabi viscosity encinane kakhulu ukuze bakwazi ukuqinisekisa rhoqo kwinqanaba xi oyifunayo kwinkqubo kwaye enze umboniso okhusela zochuku ngeenxa iinxalenye.

Ngoko ke, ngokutsho viscosity oyile yahlulwe:

• Winter. Nge viscosity eliphantsi injini iqala lula, kodwa kuzakuthothisa akayi ukusebenza ngokufanelekileyo kwiqondo lobushushu eliphezulu.

• Summer. ukuqalelisa kuyingxaki kwiqondo lobushushu ngezantsi degrees zero, kodwa ngokuthembekileyo kwaye gqolo kwindawo viscosity aphezulu lubricated injini xa imozulu ifudumele yaye kushushu.

• Lonke ixesha. Xa imozulu ebandayo, neoli ibonisa umgangatho ukuthambisa ajikeleze ebusika, kwaye xa kushushu - ihlobo.

Vsesezonki ukuba iya ixhaphaka ngakumbi, kancinane iintlobo ezimbini zokuqala, kuba ngoku ayikho imfuneko yokuba kutshintshwe i oyile lonke ixesha xa utshintsha ixesha lonyaka. Kwangaxeshanye, apho babonisa khona ukuba olusebenzayo ukonga umbane kakhulu. Umzekelo yeoli ukuthambisa ajikeleze hlobo 5W40 (zokwenziwa).

nezinye iimpawu

Kakade ke, i-oyile kunye nezinye iimpawu ezibalulekileyo: iisepha, anti-ukuguga, anti-ngokudleka anti-igcwala (ongeziweyo bakhonza oku). Nangona kunjalo, lo viscosity yi elinye lamaxabiso inqununu. ezongeziweyo ezininzi ukwandisa ixabiso. Ngoko ke, kufuneka usoloko ziwuthathele ingqalelo lo parameter kwaye ukhethe imali kangangoko iimpawu igrisi kunye neemeko zokusebenza elizayo le-injini.

Le mimiselo eziphambili ekufuneka kukhokela ukhetho ke iimfuno umakhi wemoto. zidweliswe kule yesikhokelo. Ngokuqhelekileyo, akukho musa iqulathe kuphela inkcazelo malunga neempawu ezithile kufuneka sizalwa wasebenzisa fluid yokuqaba, kodwa inikeza oyile brand ethile kunye neengcebiso ukuba ukusebenzisa loo isimboli. Amaninzi zifumaneka kule ncwadana "Shell" oyile (5W40, 5W30 okanye olunye uhlobo). Ngelo xesha, ukuba imoto yakho kude ekubeni ezintsha, kunye nolwazi malunga nokusebenza kwayo unayo kancinane, ngoko ukhululekile ngokupheleleyo ukukhetha uphawu ngenxa injini okanye transmission.

Standard æ 1999

Yintoni na le leta angaqondakali æ? Ukususela abbreviation IsiNgesi eliguqulelwe ngokuthi "Society of Automotive Engineers» (Society of Automobile Iinjineli). Kuyinto njengomgangatho, kufuneka ilingane viscosity. Ngokomzekelo, ngowe-1999 iimfuno nemigangatho imi ngolu hlobo lulandelayo.

Ngokutsho kwe viscosity kinematic yeoli limisela ixesha elithile engqinelanayo. It ibalwa ngesantya eliphantsi ukuya kutsho omnye elinamanci mabini degrees ngaphandle kwaye ngama ezilikhulu.

Iipropati Ukuqalisa ezityhilekileyo nge ukuxhathisa xa uqalisa injini ebandayo kunye Ukuphandwa ngokufumaneka nokujikeleziswa. Kuxhomekeka viscosity kunye neklasi sizimisele kwiqondo lobushushu lwe ukusuka kwishumi ukuya degrees ezingamashumi amathathu anesihlanu amazinga uchebe Celsius eliphezulu (105c-1), ngamanye iimeko zithathwa kusebenza iibheringi ye crankshaft ngexesha lokulayita.

Pumpability kugqiba isantya lokudlula lesithambiso ukuya kwezona zochuku ngexesha lokulayita, kwakunye ingozi yokuba ukusilela motor ngexesha lokulayita cranking ethwala ngenxa. Isalathisi banyangwa obushushu aphantsi izidanga ukusuka elinesihlanu ukuya kumashumi amane kwaye izinga uchebe ephantsi (10-1). Phantsi kwezi meko, lo kuzakuthothisa aqukuqela kwi sump ukuya kwimibhobho sokufunxa xa uqalisa injini ebandayo.

Le viscosity kubushushu eliphezulu ityhila isalathisi yokwenene ukusebenza ngexesha lonyaka efudumeleyo iinjini enzima-umsebenzi. Ngenxa yoko, iimpawu antiwear ebonakalayo, ilahleko ngenxa ivuse kunye nefuthe kubuchule injini. It busisigxina ngamazinga aphezulu shear (106c-1). Phantsi kwezi meko, i iibheringi crankshaft asebenza phantsi lobushushu eliphezulu kunye umthwalo.

ngezigaba æ

Nemigaqo Sae, kugqiba iimpawu yeoli kwiimeko ezahlukeneyo. Okwangoku, kukho amathandathu ubusika kwaye iiklasi ezintlanu ehlotyeni. Winter lula kuchongwa bubukho unobumba W ( «zasebusika», leyo kwisi IsiNgesi lithetha "ubusika"). Ukuba uphakamile lo viscosity, kungona inombolo index.

viscosity Winter luchazwa 0W, 5W, 10W, 15W, 20W. 25W.

Summer - 20, 30, 40, 50.

Cinga ngokuba 5W40 umzekelo oyile.

iimpawu zayo ngolu hlobo. Iklasi - viscosity 5W. Njengoko yaziwa, inokusetyenziswa ebusika, oko kukuthi, ivela eli nani ixhomekeke kwindlela lula kuba ukuba lokuqoshelisa injini eNgqeleni. Ngoko ke, ukuze uqonde ukuba uhlobo oyile ukuzalisa ebusika, kufuneka unikele ingqalelo kwesi salathisi.

Inani "40" ivula ukusebenza ehlotyeni, okt ithuba ukusebenza injini kwiqondo lobushushu eliphezulu.

Ukuba, njengokuba kulo mzekelo, kukho umqondiso omnye, kunye nezinye iiklasi (okt motor oyile 5W40, kwaye 5W30), nto ethetha zonke-ngexesha uhlobo isicelo sawo.

Indlela ukukhetha udidi ebusika

Ukukhetha viscosity, ikakhulu kukhokelwa imiyalelo yomvelisi sithuthi. Ukuba ezo awabonakali, landela iingcebiso jikelele.

xa ukhetha i oyile kakhulu ebusika, kufuneka ukuba siqwalasele iimeko phantsi eza isetyenziswa kwisithuthi.

Emva koko ke iingxaki kunye nosungulo lasebusika kunye neziphumo ezibi ukuba injini (ezifana yokonakala ngokukhawuleza kwaye jamming kwi siqalo enokuthi yenzeke kwiimeko yindlala oyile) inokuphetshwa, kungakhathaliseki nokuba, 5W30 okanye 5W40 ebusika kuwe bohlamba. Kufuneka kuqondwe ukuba xa injini iqale, kwanokuba oko akuthethi kwenzeka ebudeni iqabaka nzima, kwaye zero uphawu ithemometha, oku kuthatha ixesha yokumpompa pump oyile kwenkqubo ukuthambisa ajikeleze ukuya ulwelo ingena kuzo zonke iindawo ezihambayo kunye nemijelo. De kube lelo xesha, i-injini isebenza ekunqongophaleni ibhotolo. Ngoko ke, ekwazi banxibe ngcono kakhulu. Le grease ngaphezulu uyakwazi ukugcina fluidity kwi kwimo kubushushu obuphantsi, kokukhona kungcono ukhuseleko ngenxa ngeemoto enikiweyo.

Indlela ukukhetha vsesezonku

Iimpahla Winter kubonakala ukusuka kwicala lasekhohlo kunye zasehlotyeni - ekunene. Ngenxa yoko, omnye ebalulekileyo uhlobo neoli ngcono - 5W30 okanye 5W40 - ebusika, kubalulekile ukuba sinikele ingqalelo kuphela inani ngasekhohlo, kwaye kule meko oko kunto-nye.

Ngoko ke, kufuneka sinikele ingqalelo umahluko ikwimo ehlotyeni kwaye khetha efanelekileyo ukhetho ngokuxhomekeke kwiimeko osebenza kuyo isithuthi.

iipropati viscosity-lobushushu

Ukususela kulo mzobo kuxhomekeke ukuqinisekisa ukuqala injini ngaphandle ubushushu, ioli lokumpompa free ngenkqubo kwaye, ngenxa yoko, a ukusifaka ezizinzileyo kuzo zonke iindawo ezihambayo kwi imithwalo ubuninzi okunokwenzeka kunye namaqondo ngumsindo.

Kwanaxa utshintsho lwemozulu kwamaqondo obushushu ebusika kwi kufudumala inkulu izidanga ukuya kwenye, anamanci asithoba. Ngoko ke, neoli ngamaxesha athile kufuneka itshintshwe ngokuxhomekeke kwixesha lonyaka. Noko ke, xa vsesezonok (isebenza kubo, njenge -oyile motor 5W40i 5W30) ingxaki sele isusiwe. Ngenxa kwezithako yayo ukuba ikwazi ukubonisa iipropati ezinqwenelekayo lobushushu ezahlukeneyo. Oko kukuthi, ukuba awunayo, afane oyile ebusika kwi aphezulu ezakhayo - iminyaka.

kwezithako

Kwezithako hayi kuyandisa kakhulu viscosity kumaqondo obushushu asezantsi, kodwa yanyuka kakhulu - eliphezulu xa imali ukwanda kakhulu ka-MPF iimolekyuli. Xa vsesezonki (eziquka igrisi neoli 5W30 5W40) iimpawu ngexesha ithuba yokutshintsha viscosity yalo, kananjalo ngokuphathelele kucheba rate. Xa ekunciphiseni oku kwandisa isantya, ngelixa sisenyusa - uwe.

Inkoliso yale propati wabonakalaliswa obushushu aphantsi kodwa kwi phezulu ligcinwa ukuba lineziphumo ezilungileyo kwi-injini: i viscosity ephantsi lula injini abandayo ngexesha ngokuzalwa, kwaye shushu - ilahleko amandla yancitshiswa ngenxa ivuse, ngaloo ndlela zokonga amafutha.

kubushushu obuphantsi

Uphawu ephantsi-ubushushu bubonakaliswa ioli kugalela kwindawo nezingxi elibaleka xa lesithambiso. Esi salathisi kuphunyezwa xa lobushushu ukuze ezintlanu - izidanga ezisixhenxe ngezantsi oko apho fluidity bekunokwenzeka.

Kwiimeko ezininzi, gelation kwenzeka ngenxa yokuba kusekwe paraffins kube ugodole.

Yeyiphi ioli kuhle: 5W30 okanye 5W40 (ebusika)

Ngenxa yoku kungasentla, kucacile ukuba ngexesha kubanda zombini iintlobo ebonisa ukuziphatha efanayo. Ngoko ke, ngokuba ubusika ogqibeleleyo yaye mnye, kunye nolunye uhlobo yokuqaba ulwelo.