Imizekelo othelekiso afakwe phaya uncwadi - imibongo iprozi. Inkcazo kunye nemizekelo ngothelekiso kulwimi Russian

Umntu ngonaphakade ukuthetha malunga ubuhle nobutyebi ulwimi Russian. Ezi iimpikiswano - nje esinye isizathu sokuba inxaxheba kwincoko enjalo. Ke uthelekiso.

Ukuba kukho uthelekiso

Enyanisweni, lo gama multi-kakhulu. Le nyaniso ingqinwa ngokuthelekisa imizekelo okungenasiphelo esikubonayo kubomi bemihla ngemihla. Ekudla ngokuba oko kunoko nokwenziwa izinto ezahlukeneyo, ibango ukuba bayalingana okanye efanayo.

Kwimathematika, igama elithi "uthelekiso" ogubungela kunye ingcamango ezifanayo "ratio." Ukuthelekisa amanani kokulingana okanye nokungalingani, sifumana umahluko phakathi kwabo.

Uthelekiso likwabizwa inkqubo uthelekise iimfano neeyantlukwano, eziluncedo nezingeloncedo izinto eziliqela. Njengoko le mizekelo ibonisa, lo uthelekiso zenzululwazi ezifana bulumko, ngezengqondo, isosioloji - luhlobo lwemisebenzi cognitive ezenza ingqiqo malunga iimfano neeyantlukwano phakathi kwezinto zokufunda. Ngoncedo uthelekiso ityhila mpawu ezahlukeneyo zezi zinto okanye iziganeko.

Ukuthelekiswa yoncwadi: definition nemizekelo

uthelekiso zesimbo noncwadi na intsingiselo ngandlel 'ithile. Le ngakuntsonkotha, izixhobo zesimbo, apho iziganeko ezithile okanye izinto bafaniswa ngamanye sophawu ethile eqhelekileyo. Indlela Uthelekiso lingenakumbi, lo gama ngasemva idla amagama akhoyo otpredelennye. Phakathi kwazo kukho: "njani", "ukuba", "ukuba", "ngokuchanekileyo". Kodwa kukho indlela ngqo yokuthelekisa: kulo mzekelo, lo uthelekiso lwenziwa yi njengesibizo kwimeko negalelo ngaphandle isalathandawo. Umzekelo: "Onegin waphila anchorite" ( "Eugene Onegin" A. S. Pushkina).

Izifaniso nezikweko

Thelekiso kuhlangene kwezinye ingqiqo yoncwadi, isikweko - ibinzana lisetyenziswa ngendlela yokomfuziselo. Eneneni, ngokusekelwe isikweko kwaye imelwe uthelekiso ngqo. Umzekelo, umgca ka-Alexander Blok "Abaleke imibongo bam yimisinga" kuba isikweko eqhelekileyo (elithi "imifula" lisetyenziswa ngokufuziselayo). Kodwa le umgca enye kwaye uthelekise iindinyana isebenze njenge yamanzi.

Okubangel 'umdla kukuba kusetyenziswe ubuchule Nakuba kwimeko ekuthiwa-sizithelekisa ezimbi. Imizekelo wahluke njani ngokulula inokufumaneka epics. "Kukho amafu ezimbini esibhakabhakeni idibane, idibane ezimbini isibindi knight" - kolu luhlu amaqhawe omdala Russian kwaye ngaxeshanye ligxininisa ukufana amadoda inzima, Yangamafu amnyama ezoyikekayo, baMala ukuba bangoobani, kwaye itsalelwa umfanekiso Akumangalisi ngokupheleleyo jikelele.

uthelekiso ezimbi ngakumbi imisebenzi bokuhlala lobuciko kunye iintsomi stylization, kudlala indima ekhethekileyo kwimbono kumfanekiso lowo wengcibi yokuluka. Nantsi umgca misebenzi Nekrasov: "Nakanye Dubravushka izithonga huntsman, cackles Bobi - naplakal, ukuhlahla kwaye ukuhlahla iinkuni mhlolokazi." Isigaba sesibini ibinzana (naplakal ...) phakathi kwe ngokwayo self-ngokwaneleyo, ibonisa intsingiselo oyifunayo. Kodwa kuphela ezitshatileyo nxalenye zesivakalisi likuvumela ukuba bonke ubukrakra, ntlekele yenzeke.

Esebenzisa ulwimi nkulumo

Uthelekiso kunceda ukucacisa ingqiqo okanye nesenzeko, ukuthelekisa nezinye izinto - elithozamisayo, njengobusi, ezimuncu, nqwa neviniga. Kodwa injongo ephambili - hayi ukrwelele iimpawu uphawu into. Le esingundoqo emise, ibinzana elithi lichaneke kakhulu iingcinga yombhali, njengenye yezona ndlela zinamandla yokuthetha - a thelekisa. Imizekelo kwiincwadi yakhiwe zibonisa indima yalo ekubunjweni umfanekiso efunekayo kumbhali. Nanku ke umnombo nokudalwa MU Lermontov: "Haroun wabaleka ngokukhawuleza opick, ngokukhawuleza ngaphezu nembila ukusuka njengobokhozi." Wena singathi, "Haroun wabaleka ngokukhawuleza kakhulu" okanye "Haroun wabaleka ngesantya esikhulu." Kodwa ke, ukuba buyinene ngokupheleleyo kubume bayo, amabinzana ezinjalo abayi sele befikelele nkqu iqondo encinane ukusebenza, leyo ezendeleyo imigca Lermontov.

iimpawu

Yokunika imbeko uthelekiso nje izalathi enamandla iimpawu zolwimi Russian, abaphandi abaninzi nengqiqo nqa lolu thelekiso. Kubonakala, apha kunye nengqiqo? Ngapha koko, akukho namnye evela uthelekiso ayifuni ngqo enkulu, injalo! Kodwa apha ngokungafaniyo imizekelo uthelekiso, imigca ngomnye wabantu ezahlukeneyo. "Kwakukho ognelikie Eland, njengoko iiglasi kunye newayini wamagazi" (N. Z) kunye "Kubonakala ukuba bebonke isiphelo, emarikeni ukuba i unosilarha, ogama lonzakele imela ukusuka kwincam ukuya ukusika" (Haqqani). Ngokuba zonke dissimilarities le ntetho ukuba azakubalulwa inkalo efanayo. Omabini la mabinzana zisixelela ntoni izinto ngendlela yesiqhelo (a ebomvu, imimiselo yabantu enzima) kwaye zibhalwe nje ngendlela eyahlukileyo, ngokulula ulahlekile nayiphi na itekisi. Kodwa ke ukusetyenziswa uthelekiso ( "iiglasi zewayini wegazi", "imela unosilarha kaThixo") ukufumanisa ukuba ibe bezicacisa touch ukuba wongeze amagama ngabom alula imizwa ezizodwa kunye nesithukuthezi. Mhlawumbi yiloo nto iingoma kunye nemibongo zothando, apho sele strong ngokweemvakalelo, uthelekiso akulula ngakumbi indawo kwinkcazo esengqiqweni.

Imizekelo uthelekiso kulwimi Russian

ulwimi Russian njengenye yezinto ezinzima kakhulu. Kwathi ngelo xesha, ukudalwa ezakudala zasekhaya ingqalelo ebalaseleyo ehlabathini, original, abanetalente. Kubonakala ukuba kukho unxulumano inextricable phakathi kwezi zibakala. ukufunda ulwimi unzima inani elininzi iimpawu ezikhoyo kuso kusenokuba tye. Kodwa ke avule indawo enkulu umbhali abanetalente lowo unako ukuyifunda ubuchule lwenkohliso. ulwimi Russian ngokwenene esisityebi kunene ngu: iqulethe amathuba engaphele ndawo, likuvumela ukuba igama eziqhelekileyo umfanekiso olubonakalayo eqaqambileyo ukuba wenze uyofika ngeendlela ezintsha, ukuze uhlala ngonaphakade kwimemori. Ingakumbi unayo le izibongo. "Ubomi bethu ebudaleni - ingubo eligugileyo, kunye neentloni ukunxiba oko, kwaye sorry ukuhamba." Le umgca P.Vyazemsky le ndlovu ebalaseleyo yokusetyenziswa uthelekiso kumsebenzi boncwadi.

Ngomhla umsebenzi AS Pushkin

Imbongi enkulu yathatyathwa yingqondi lobunini ezintsonkothileyo izixhobo zoncwadi. Isetyenziswa kwimibongo yakhe imibongo nothelekiso bagwayimbile xhungu zabo kwaye enye ngexesha, ukuchaneka, inono.

"Uthuli Frosty ubuhle of ikhola yakhe beaver" - umgca kulo mbongo "Eugene Onegin". amagama ambalwa kuphela, kodwa kuvela phambi kwamehlo akho Capital Boulevard, wazigquma likhephu, kunye neyo entsha, yiya ibhola. Kwaye ngoko inkundla endaweni ibhola, "wafika kulo; kwiplagi ndijonge phezulu, iwayini enomsila batshize yangoku". Bhala Pushkin ukuba umlungiseleli wavula ibhotile champagne, aphambukele umva inyaniso. Kodwa ke emva koko kwavela ngokucacileyo kulo mfanekiso enkulu, festive, fun ehlwahlwazayo?

Kwaye oku kuvela umbongo "I Bronze abamahashe": ". Phambi kwikomkhulu olusezantsi eMoscow endala kuncipha njengoba ngaphambili umhlolokazi omtsha queen abomvu" Ngaba kunokwenzeka ukugqithisa ngokuchanekileyo ngakumbi umoya kukho amadoda athile kwaye ulahliwe engukumkani eMoscow emva ikomkhulu Russian igama Petra? "Intiyo yaye amagxamesi ayo endala ke amaza Finnish ukulibala!" - le yindlela amanzi Neva zaye ingavalelwa lenyengane. Ewe, mhlawumbi, oku avakalise ngaphandle ukuzithelekisa nabanye, kodwa ukutsalwa ngumbhali lo mfanekiso yayiza kuba njalo ngokucacileyo phambi kwamehlo ethu?

Kwaye phezu ubuchule Russian zemibongo

imizekelo Wonderful ukusetyenziswa imifanekiso othelekiso oswele imisebenzi kwezinye iimbongi Russian. Amazing uthelekiso umbongo "Childhood" Bunin xa kukudlulisela ngokuchanileyo umoya ngemini ezishushu zasehlotyeni, uziva umntwana uyavuya ilanga kunye nehlathi nencasa. Kwesanti umbhali - a buti isilika umthi - ingxilimbela, ihlathi zasehlotyeni sunny - igumbi elanga.

Akukho ngaphantsi emangalisayo, nangona imizekelo ezahlukeneyo kakhulu ezisegumbini imisebenzi yezinye iinkosi lwamagama Russian. Esenina uthelekiso kulo mbongo "Molo!" Ukunikezwa abafundi a ukusa zasehlotyeni. Iinkwenkwezi ezigolide lindani, endaweni yokuba amanzi omlambo - mirror chweba kwi birches amacici eluhlaza, nombethe ukutshisa yesilivere namasiko ebuhlungu umba perile eliqaqambileyo. Enyanisweni, wonke lo mbongo - lo uthelekiso enye enkulu. Kwaye njani intle!

Malunga uthelekiso ukuba umsebenzi S. Esenina uyakwazi ukuthetha ixesha elide - bade bonke eqaqambileyo, lwengcingane yaye kodwa ngokungafani. Ukuba umsebenzi "Molo," ojikeleze ekukhanyeni, bevuya, umnandi, ukufunda umbongo 'umntu oMnyama "kukho imvo womxhuzulane, nkqu intlekele (akukho akumangalisi oko kuthathwa uhlobo requiem lombhali). Kwaye lo moya lithemba kwakhona Ibunjwe uthelekiso oluchanileyo ngokungaqhelekanga!

"Indoda Black" - uhlobo kombongo ezibuhlungu. Umntu omnyama, nokuba evela ephupheni, okanye tremens umbhali. Yesenin uzama uku bana phandle uhlobo umbono. Kwaye ngoko uthotho uthelekiso brilliant: "Yintoni l ngathi uAshera ngoSeptemba, iishawa ubuchopho utywala", "Intloko yam wendiza iindlebe zakhe amaphiko intaka entanyeni yakhe, imilenze iyasondela ezinkulu nako ukuma," "NgoDisemba, kweli lizwe qhwa umtyholi icocekile uze uzale ikhephu fun ivili ojikeleza. " Funda ezi imigca kwaye ungabona ukuba bonke: eziqaqambileyo kubanda ebusika, kwaye lithemba enkulu yabantu.

isiphelo

Babonisa iingcamango zabo kunokuba ezahlukeneyo. Kodwa abanye, oko libunile kunye namabinzana zomile, ukuba Ukuphololoza hoywa, ngoxa abanye - ipateni obutofotofo komhlana. Uthelekiso kunye nezinye iindlela zobugcisa zivumela ukuphumeza yokomfuziselo ulwimi zombini olubhaliweyo ngomlomo. Kwaye musa bangawutyesheli obu butyebi.