UMsindisi Igazi elichithwayo St. Petersburg (itempile). Church of uMsindisi kwi Igazi elichithwe

UMsindisi Igazi elichithwayo eSt Petersburg yenye iicawa ezininzi ezintle, festive nedlamkileyo eRashiya. Iminyaka emininzi kumaxesha Soviet ukuba ulibele. Ngoku wachacha, iyazigatya okumangalisayo kunye nentsusa amawakawaka abantu abandwendwela.

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UMsindisi Igazi elichithwayo eSt Petersburg yakhiwa kwinkumbulo loMlawuli Alexander II. Buyela ngo-1881 kwi-ndawo apho kamva wamisa itempile, iziganeko ezibuhlungu zenzeka. Matshi 1 Tsar Alexander II wayalelwa ukuba Champ de Mars, apho wayeza kudlula umbukiso. Ngenxa yoko lo umthetho wogrogriso azenzileyo Narodnaya Volya I. I. Grinevitskim, * uKhesare waye ngoncwino longxwelerhiweyo.

Ngokomyalelo Alexander III kule ndawo waza wakha Church of kuMsindisi kwi iGazi iphalale, apho babemele ukwenza inkonzo rhoqo abafileyo. Waza wacelwa ukuba indlu igama uMsindisi Igazi, iphalale yona, igama esemthethweni yeCawa yoVuko.

Isigqibo malunga ukwakhiwa kwetempile

Ukukhetha isisa best projekthi bokwakha wabhengezwa ukuze kwakhiwe itempile. It wawuzinyaswe labazobi baziincamisa. Kuphela ukuzama lesithathu (njengoko amaxesha amaninzi ibhengeze lo ukhuphiswano) , Alexander III wakhetha iprojekthi leyo kwabonakala kuye kakhulu ifanelekileyo. Umbhali walo Alfred Parland kunye Archimandrite Ignatius.

UMsindisi Igazi elichithwayo eSt Petersburg sakhiwa yeminikelo yaqokelelwa ehlabathini lonke. Igalelo le amaRashiya nje kuphela kodwa abemi bamanye amazwe Slavic. nenqaba intsimbi beendonga emva kokwakhiwa wathweswa zangaphantsi ezininzi iingalo kumaphondo ezininzi ezahlukeneyo, izixeko, counties, ngubani babingelela imali, ukuba bonke eyenziwe emihle. In the main emnqamlezweni intsimbi inqaba yayifakwe isithsaba ihonjiswe njengomqondiso wokuba kunayo yonke esivivaneni ukwakhiwa wenza usapho ukubaluleka kunje. Imali iyonke ukwakhiwa yezigidi 4.6 engange.

Cathedral Isakhiwo senkonzo

Bayibeka ibandla 1883, xa kusakhiwa le projekthi okwangoku ekugcineni. Ukuza kuthi ga ngoku, eyona njongo ephambili ukomeleza umhlaba, ngoko ke ubethwa kukhukuliseko, ngenxa yokuba kufuphi waye Griboyedov Canal, kwakunye ukuze babe nesiseko esiqinileyo.

Le ndlu yecawa ngokwayo uMsindisi kwi kweGazi elichithwayo eSt Petersburg waqala ukwakha 1888. igranite Gray esetyenziselwa ngakwimida cap eludongeni kubekwa kubomvu-mdaka izitena, iintonga, izakhelo for windows, moldings zazisenziwa Estland ibhastile. Cap Zazihonjiswe iibhodi Nyengane amabini, edwelisa imimiselo eziphambili kunye ngempumelelo Alexander II. Ngo-1894, nasemagumbini eziyintloko yecawa zakhiwa, ku-1897 wongeza izahluko ezibini ezisithoba. Inkoliso yabo zagutyungelwa wayesebenzisa multi-bala eqaqambileyo.

indlu umhombiso

Iindonga etempileni, uThixo amajukujuku, nenqaba ukugubungela ngokupheleleyo iipateni emangalisayo zokuhombisa, lenyengane, nezemarmore, wayesebenzisa izacholo, emihle. Ezikhethekileyo khangela Iingqameko ezimhlophe, Iiveranda, kokoshniki kwisiqalo ngezitena zokuhombisa ebomvu. Le ndawo iyonke mosaic (ngaphakathi nangaphandle) malunga namawaka amathandathu square metres. yobuciko kaMoses zisekelwe imizobo abaculi ezinkulu Vasnetsov, Parland, Nesterov, Koshelev. Icala ngasentla olungaphambili zayimosaic "Uvuko" wee tywa phezu lenjongo emazantsi "uKristu Uzuko". Kwi olungaphambili West zinokuhonjiswa umfanekiso "Face Oyingcwele", kunye empuma ungabona "uKristu Intsikelelo".

UMsindisi Igazi elichithwayo eSt Petersburg, ezimbalwa isitayile eMoscow Cathedral Vasiliya Blazhennogo. Kodwa uyilo ubugcisa kakhulu kwaye yokwakha wahlukile kwaye yokuqala.

Phantsi isicwangciso, le yecawa na isakhiwo quadrangular, isithsaba ziintloko ezintlanu ezinkulu ezine ezincinane uphahla bit. South, olungaphambili ngasentla ezihonjiswe pediments, kokoshniki, ngasempumalanga - ezintathu irhamba ahanjiswa kunye cupolas yegolide. Entshona na intsimbi ende entle nkundla ihonjiswe.

Beauty esivela ngaphakathi

Eyona ndawo kwetempile - Isiqwengana engcwele Catherine Canal. Oku kuquka Iizilebhu, cobblestones, inxalenye ngekroba. Indawo apho wafela umlawuli, kwagqitywa ekubeni ushiye kungachukunyiswa. Ukuze kusetyenziswe le sicwangciso waziqulunqa ngokutsha eweni kunye isiseko setempile ashukunyiswe channel eziqhelekileyo nangu 8.5.

Omuhle kakhulu nolunentsingiselo eSt Petersburg ngokukhuselekileyo kubizwa Church of uMsindisi Igazi. Photos ubungqina nto. Phantsi nenqaba intsimbi kanye kuloo ndawo apho kukho ingozi embi, ukuba "Le Emnqamlezweni kunye oluzayo". Umnqamlezo unique eyenziwe zelitye lenyengane naziiperile. Emacaleni zibekwe icons yabangcwele.

I-design - umhombiso etempileni - into ebaluleke kakhulu yaye zibaluleke kakhulu zangaphandle. Imbasa uMsindisi ezikhethekileyo, zenziwe ngokungqinelana kumzobo yeenkosi adumileyo brush: Kharlamov, Belyaeva, Koshelev, Ryabushkina, Novoskoltseva kunye nabanye.

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Avulwe nokusingcwalisa sonto ngo-1908. Kwaba nje itempile, kwaba kuphela ibandla-museum, ilitye lesikhumbuzo, uMlawuli Alexander II. Ngowe-1923, iCawa koMsindisi kwi kweGazi iphalale ngokufanele ndizuze kutshintsha Cathedral, kodwa ukuthanda isiphelo okanye ngenxa yotshintsho lwabengxolo imbali, ngo-1930 ibandla lavalwa. Isakhiwo yanikwa Society of Amabanjwa Political. Ukutyhubela iminyaka, isigqibo sokuba ukuyichitha itempile ngexesha leSoviet. Mhlawumbi oku linqanda imfazwe. Phambi kokuba iinkokeli ngelo xesha kuphakamisa eminye imisebenzi ebalulekileyo.

Ekungqingweni, nasekuxinweni eyoyikekayo iLeningrad isakhiwo yecawa yayisetyenziswa ezigcinwa kuyo umzi. Emva kwemfazwe, Maly Opera Theatre wamnika apha indawo yokugcina intle.

Emva kokuba ukutshintsha kwamandla karhulumente eSoviet, itempile ekugqibeleni waqonda lesikhumbuzo zembali. Ngowe-1968, uza phantsi kukhuselo yabaHloli kaRhulumente, kwaye ngo-1970 iBandla yoVuko kaKristu uvakaliswa yesebe "Cathedral St. kaIsake." Ngexesha le minyaka, kuloo ndlu yecawa oluqalayo wokubavusa. Ukubuyiselwa kwenzeka kancinci yaye kuphela ngo-1997 njengoko imyuziyam koMsindisi kwi kweGazi iphalale yaqala ukufumana iindwendwe.

Ngo-2004, emva kweminyaka engaphezu kwama-70, i-Metropolitan Vladimir abalungiselelayo endlwini inkonzo eliNgcwele.

Namhlanje, nabani esihambela St. Petersburg, uzama ngandlela tyelela uMsindisi Igazi achithwe. Museum lokuvula iiyure akuvumela ukuba wenze oku na ixesha ehlotyeni ukususela 10 kusasa ukuya kowama-22 pm, ebusika ukususela ku-10 ukuya kwi-19.

Ezigciniweyo Igazi (Yekaterinburg)

Ukuba sithethe ngokubandezeleka elalichaphazeleka usapho Romanov, singasathethi ibandla Yekaterinburg. Kulo mzi usapho august bachitha imihla yabo yokugqibela, endaweni yokufa kwabo, kwaye inzala wamisa uMsindisi Igazi achithwe. Imaphu yesixeko ibonisa ukuba le ndlu yecawa kwisayithi ka Ipatiev House. Njengoko Ibali lithi, kule ndlu lathathwa kwiBolsheviks kwi injineli Ipatiev. Apho intsapho Romanov wamgcinela iintsuku 78. July 17, 1918 bonke ukholo badutyulwa kwi iwayini. Kumaxesha Soviet, inkumbulo losapho lobukumkani kokupheliswa kwaye ukungcolisa. Ngowe-1977, xa iSigqibo CPSU iKomiti Central wendlu sachithwa, ukuze akhokele siganeko wayalela BN Yeltsin. Xa yakhe, isiganeko uchazwe abangaphucukanga, imiphumo ongayi alungiswe.

Ukwakhiwa kwetempile

Kuphela ngo-2000 phezu kwisiza iziganeko ezibuhlungu baqalisa ukwalathisa ukwakha itempile. Igama ezisemthethweni "Church Memorial Igazi e Bekani of All Saints." Loo nyaka kukuzukiswa usapho uNicholas II. Ngo-2003 Julayi 16 wokuvula, abayakukhanyisa etempileni.

Building, okuphakama kweemitha ezingama-60, iye uphahla ezintlanu, ummandla ewonke amawaka amathathu yezikwere. style Russian-aseByzantium bokwakha ugxininisa angqongqo kunye nobukhulu sakhiwo. Complex kwenza itempile eliphezulu nengasezantsi. Le tempile eliphezulu - njengomfuziselo izibane olungapheliyo, abasa kwinkumbulo le ntlekele eyenzeka apha. itempile Lower lengcwaba ise ongaphantsi inxenye. Oku kuquka igumbi ukudutyulwa apho kukho iintsalela zendlu original Ipatiev. Isibingelelo ibekwe ngqo kwi ndawo apho usapho Romanov wabulawa kabuhlungu. Ngokonangoko kumisa imyuziyam apho imiboniso lunikezelwa kwimihla yokugqibela yobomi yentsapho yasebukhosini.

Nyaka ngamnye ngobusuku ekhumbulekayo ngoJulayi 17, etempileni kuqhutywa emvuselelweni ezinkonzweni, noluya kumngcelele (25 km) ukuya Ganina Yama - kule ishiywe am angeniswa umzimba emva kokubulawa. Amawaka lokuya kufika apha nyaka ngamnye ukuze ahlawule irhafu kwi- Regal nkolo, waqubuda kuyo, loo ndawo yonqulo.