Umsi-ndlongo ndlela yonxibelelwano. wenza njani ndlongo nje?

Asinguye wonke umntu uyazi ukuba kuthetha ntoni na kwindalo nje kuphela-ndlongo. Okwangoku, ivelisa eziliqela iimpawu ezikhethekileyo. Cinga ngakumbi, njengoko kubonisiwe ndlongo kwisixando sokwenziwa.

Overview

ngobunjani UMSI-mlilo ephawuleka ukumelana ngokukhawuleza iimfuno yangaphandle. Njengomgaqo, obstructive kungqinwa kunye nezenzo iphikisanayo. uhlobo UMSI-ngxwaba yokuziphatha okuvakaliswa amangomso, umsebenzi osemgangathweni amahlwempu, "ukumlibala" nezibophelelo. Ngokuqhelekileyo, izenzo zabantu bakaThixo musa ukuhlangabezana nemigangatho eyamkelekileyo. Ngaphezu koko, ubuntu isixando-mlilo olichasayo imfuneko yokuba balandele imithetho. Kakade ke, ezi mpawu ibonakala abanye abantu. Kodwa ziba eyabangumzekelo indlela yokuziphatha xa ndlongo kwisixando sokwenziwa. Ngaphandle kokuba olu hlobo yentsebenziswano kucingelwa ukuba akuyona indlela engcono, akukho kakuhle kakhulu, kodwa kude kube ngoko, de kube inkqubo yobomi, ethintela ekuzuzweni kweenjongo.

abantu zezenzi-ndlongo: iimpawu

Abantu kolu didi zithande ukuba izinto bazibeke. Bakholelwa ukuba ngxabano ngqo kuzisa ingozi. Ngokusebenzisa uvavanyo ubuntu uyakwazi ukuchaza iimpawu uphawu yokuziphatha. Ingakumbi, le didi bantu bakholelwa kokuyaphula enye iindlela zingaphazanyiswa amazwe imicimbi yabo kunye nolawulo. Xa umntu onjalo kunye nesicelo ukuba akafuni ukwenza indibaniselwano iimfuno ezikhoyo perturbations zangaphandle kunye nokungabikho ukuzithemba ubangela basabela ngendlela inkanuko. Umsi-ndlongo indlela yonxibelelwano singabandakanyi nokudalwa ithuba ukusilela. Uxanduva esikolweni okanye emsebenzini abantu kolu didi nazo abanomsindo. Ngokubanzi, abo abasekongameni, ukuba yiyo loo nto sesifana othambekele sikweni nguzwilakhe. Ngako oko, bakholisa ukuba ityala kwabanye ngenxa yeengxaki evela kubo. Abantu abanjalo abakwazi ukuyiqonda into ubunzima ukudala ukuziphatha kwabo. Abaphandi uqaphele ukuba, phakathi kwezinye izinto, umntu isixando-ndlongo kulula ukutshintsha imo kwaye uhlale zithande ukuqonda ukuba kwenzeka ntoni. Aba bantu kujolisa kuzo zonke ezimbi.

test personality

indlela Iyonke kwemigangatho uxhathiso kwiinkalo zobungcali nezentlalo kwenzeka njengoko bekhula. Lubonakaliswa kwiimeko ezahlukeneyo. Ubudlova nje ibonisa inani kweempawu. indoda:

1. Postpones umsebenzi, akunamsebenzi athobele oko kufunekayo ebomini.
2. Uba uyacaphuka, kumnyama okanye iqala ukuphikisana naloo ndoda, umcele ukuba enze into ayifunayo.
3. Ngabom kade okanye ayisebenzi.
4. Uthi ngeenxa zonke iimfuno ngeemfuno eziphezulu.
5. It engazifezekisi iimfanelo, libhekisela ukulibala.
6. Ucinga ukuba wenza umsebenzi ongcono kakhulu kunabanye, kuqikelelwa.
7. Buka- icebiso alinikiweyo ngabanye.
8. Oku kudala imiqobo kwizenzo zabanye abantu, akayifezi inxalenye yalo msebenzi.
9. Engento okanye amgxeke abo amandla.

ulwazi zembali

style UMSI-ngxwaba yokuziphatha sele ichaziwe ixesha elide. Noko ke, ngeMfazwe Yehlabathi II ayizange isetyenziswe ingqiqo. Ngowe-1945, iMfazwe iSebe wachaza "impendulo olungekagqibeleli" njengokuba impendulo "eqhelekileyo imeko yomkhosi uxinezeleko." Oku kubonakala namandla asanelanga okanye, passivity, uqhambuko ndlongo, obstructionism. Ngowe-1949, i-US Armed Forces kwibhulethini yobugcisa baya eli gama ukuchaza amajoni Sithole le patheni.

ngezigaba

I DSM-I asabela yahlulwe ngokweendidi emithathu: kwisixando-ndlongo, isixando-ndlongondlongo kunye oxhomekeke. Le yesibini luphawulwa azilutho, utyekelo ukuba ukubambelela ezingqongileyo, nazigqibo. Isigaba sokuqala kunye nowesithathu hlukile asabela ku pfilunganyeka (ekungakwazini ukwanelisa nayiphi na imfuneko). uhlobo ndlongondlongo, eziliqela iinkalo yokuba iimpawu yomkhwa, ukubonisa ubuhlungu. ukuziphatha yakhe ukutshabalalisa ezahlukeneyo. umntu UMSI-ndlongo yenza umntu lukhuni anezikrokro uqala isantya, isehlisa ukusebenza kwayo. In DSM-II loo yokuziphatha likudidi eyahlukileyo. Kule ntlobo ndlongondlongo kunye passive-oxhomekeke zibandakanywa iqela 'nezinye izifo. "

ubungqina Clinical iyahlolwa

Ngaphandle kwento yokuba indlela kwisixando-ngxwaba yokuziphatha kancinane eyaziwa namhlanje, amaphepha ubuncinane ezimbini thaca iimpawu zayo eziphambili. Ngoko ke, Koenig, Trossman kunye Whitman axilongwe izigulane 400. Bafumanisa ukuba uxilongo ixhaphakileyo baba nje asonge-ndlongo. Kwangaxeshanye,-23% yabonisa iimpawu iindidi olubuthathaka. 19% ezigulane ukuthobela ngokupheleleyo nohlobo passive-ndlongo. Ngaphezu koko, abaphandi bafumanise ukuba PARL ibonwa kwabasetyhini kabini ngokufuthi kangangoko abantu. picture lingaze Traditional yayiquka ixhala nokudandatheka (41% ne-25% ngokulandelelana). Xa iintlobo zezenzi-ndlongondlongo kunye oxhomekeke zengqumbo open elinganeno kukoyika isohlwayo okanye unetyala. Studies nabo baye yi Moore, Aligom kunye nentlaka. Ebebefunda 100 izigulane kwafunyaniswa kukho ukuphazamiseka isixando-ndlongo emva kweminyaka-7 no-15 kwi-unyango esibhedlele. Izazinzulu ziye zafumanisa ukuba neengxaki zokuziphatha zentlalo kunye nobudlelwane nabanye kunye nezikhalazo emzimbeni nangokweemvakalelo iimpawu eziphambili. Abaphandi kwakhona bafumanise ukuba inani eliphezulu labantu izigulane oxinezelekileyo kunye nokusebenzisa kakubi utywala.

iingcinga oluzenzekelayo

Ezi ziphumo, nto leyo eyenza abantu PARL ubonakalisa negativism, zilahliwe, kwaye umnqweno ukhetha ezilu-. Umzekelo, naziphi na izicelo baphathwa njenge sisibonakaliso ilifinyeze bothersome. asabela kukuba yena ngokuzenzekelayo uyabachasa endaweni ukuhlalutya umnqweno wabo. Kuba izigulane luphawulwa inkolelo yokuba abanye bazama ukusebenzisa oko, kwaye ukuba ngaba ke, kuya kuba yanto. Olu hlobo izoyikiso isebenza kuzo zonke iingcinga. Isigulane sifuna utoliko elibi ezininzi iziganeko. Oku kunjalo yeziphumo ezihle kunye cala. Oku kubonakaliswa eyenza umntu isixando-ndlongo isigulane udangele. Kwimeko yokugqibela, abantu banikel 'ingqalelo self-isigwebo okanye iingcinga ezimbi malunga nekamva akuyo. Umsi-ndlongo umntu ukholelwa ukuba abanye bazama ukulawula ngaphandle ndigwebe merit. Ukuba umntu ufumana a negative impendulo reaction, oko wenza kwakhona kuqondwa. iingcinga oluzenzekelayo abonisa ukutyabuka, obonakala izigulane. Yokuba kaninzi inyanzelise ukuba yonke into kufuneka ahambe indlela ethile. iimfuno ezinjalo igalelo ukunciphisa ukumelana engafanelekanga ngokubaxakanisa.

ufakelo boqobo

Ukuziphatha kwizigulane kunye PARL ubonisa iipateni zabo zokuqiqa. Ulibaziseko, umgangatho ophantsi umsebenzi ukuphazamiseka ngenxa imfuneko ukwenza imisebenzi. Umntu uya kuphakanyiselwa anako ukwenza into ayifunayo. Ukuzibekela ngokuphathelele kokulibazisa, kukulandela umkhondo ezilu-. Ngokomzekelo, umntu uqala ukukholelwa ukuba ungalinda kamva. Xa neziphumo ezibi kakhulu dereliction umsebenzi, ubonisa ukunganeliseki kunye nabanye abaye babe namandla. Kunokuzibonakalisa ngephanyazo ngumsindo, kodwa ungathanda kakhulu kusetyenziswa iindlela kwisixando beziphindezela. Ngokomzekelo, yokuhlaselwa. Xa Unyango, ukuziphatha kungase ikhatshwe ukwala ukuba basebenzisane unyango.

iimvakalelo

Izigulana kweemeko eziqhelekileyo PARL iya kuba ukuluma kunye nomsindo. Le nyaniso kakhulu kuyaqondakala, kuba abantu bakholelwa ukuba kufuneka athobele nemigangatho ngendlela engaqondakaliyo, bathi lula okanye bangaqondi. Izigulane badla akwaphumelela ukufezekisa iinjongo zabo endle umsebenzi kwakunye ebomini lobuqu. Bona abakwazi ukuba uqonde indlela yokuziphatha kwabo kunye nezicwangciso ezikhoyo ichaphazela yobunzima kubo ezivelayo. Oku kukhokelela ekubeni baqhubele phambili ubuhlungu kunye ukunganeliseki njengoko kwakhona cinga ukuba ityala iimeko. Iimvakalelo izigulane ukuba kakhulu limisela zizisulu kwabo nolawulo lwangaphandle nokutolikwa izicelo ngumnqweno ukunciphisa inkululeko yabo. Xa unabanye nabanye abazilindele ukwenza rhoqo amabango kunye, ngokufanelekileyo, abachasa.

Zinto zifuneka kuqala ukuze unyango

Esona sizathu siphambili sokuba unyango izigulane uncedo ezi zikhalazo ezingqonge ukuba aba bantu musa bafezekise izinto endandilindele ukuba. Ngokuqhelekileyo, iitheraphisti ngayo nabo okanye amaqabane. Izikhalazo ezinxulumene ukuthingaza lwakutsha nje izigulane ukuba ukuncedisa imisebenzi yasekhaya. Kuba zeetheraphisti badla ukujongana abaphathi, benganelisekanga umgangatho womsebenzi owenziwa abangaphantsi. Esinye isizathu sokuba ukutyelela ugqirha - uxinezeleko. Ukuqulunqwa kwale meko ibangelwa ukungabikho esingapheliyo zonyuselo kunye kwisigaba lobungcali nobomi wobuqu. Umzekelo, elandela indlela ezilu-, lo ukunganeliseki rhoqo kunye neemfuno kunokubangela ukukholelwa umntu ukuba akusebenzi. Ukuqwalaselwa okusingqongileyo njengoko njengomthombo yolawulo nayo kukhokelela ukuyilwa sibajonga kakubi kwihlabathi ngokubanzi. Ukuba kukho iimeko apho izigulane uhlobo isixando-ndlongo, ukulwela inkululeko kunye ixabiso lenkululeko izenzo zabo, baqalise ukukholwa ukuba uphazamisana imicimbi zawo ngeenxa zonke, ukuze baphuhlise kakhulu lwe kukudakumba.