Umshini omkhulu womshini we-NSVT: ukuphononongwa, iinkcazo kunye nenkcazelo

Imfucumfucu ngexesha lokubonakala kwayo yayingasetyenziswanga ngengozi kwinqanaba leengqungquthela: amandla ezo zixhobo asemangalisa. Ngaphezu koko, "amathuluzi omatshini" anamandla avumela ukuba kudibene nokudubula, ngoko kunokwenzeka ukuba ubhekisele kwiinkqubo zengxuma, nangona kunjalo, nanamhlanje. Oku kuqinisekiswa ngumpompi womshini we-NSVT, obizwa ngokuthi "Cliff".

Ulwazi oluyisiseko nenjongo

Ubhekisela kwimibhobho emikhulu (12.7 mm). Yadalwe kwezi njongo zilandelayo:

• Ukuncitshiswa nokutshabalaliswa kwamaphuzu omlilo, kunye neenqwelo ezincinci.
• Sebenza kwiiklasi zezinto zokukhanya kunye nemikhosi etshaba ehlala kude ukuya kwisiqingatha okanye iikhilomitha ezimbini.
• Ukukwazi ukusebenzisa njengendlela yokukhusela umoya, ukutshabalalisa iithagethi ezindizayo ezinokuphakama ukuya kwiikhilomitha enye neekhilomitha.

I-cartridge ene-Soviet eyi-12.7x108 enamandla yenza ukuba kube nzima ukwenza imisebenzi ehlukeneyo, ekubeni iveliswe ngokwahlukahlukileyo (kubandakanywa neenqwelo eziqhelekileyo kunye nezixhobo zokubhoboza):

• Izixhobo zokubhoboza nokutshabalalisa.
• Ukuqhutyelwa kweenqwelo-zixhobo kunye nokutshabalalisa.
• Isicatshulwa esibalulekileyo, isenzo esheshayo.

Kwakhiwa njani lo mshini mshini?

Ukusebenza ekudalweni kompu womatshini olutsha kuqalwe kwiminyaka engama-60 yekhulu leminyaka elidlulileyo, kuba ngelo xesha imfuneko yokubuyisela ngokupheleleyo iDSKK engapheliyo (DShKM) ekugqibeleni yayivuthiwe. Ngendlela, kamva umbhali oqokelelweyo uthathe inxaxheba ekukhuphiseni ukudala umpu omnye we-7.62x54, kodwa uKalashnikov wayinqoba.

Ngendlela, livela phi eli gama livela: "I-NSVT-machine gun"? Ukuchithwa kwento elula, kuba isicatshulwa esakhiwa ngeencwadi zokuqala zabanikeli beli sixhobo: Nikitin, Sokolov, Volkov. Inkcazo "T" ithetha "itanki", kodwa ngokuthe rhoqo kuthiwa kunye nokukhethwa kwintsapho.

Ngokukodwa ukuveliswa kwezixhobo ezintsha ukususela ekuqaleni, kwakha umzi kwisixeko sase-Uralsk. Abasebenzi abaninzi baye bathuthela apho, kunye nezixeko "zesixhobo": iTula, Izhevsk kunye neKovrov. Ababonke bakwazi ukudala iteknoloji eyingqinileyo yokudala izixhobo, oko bekude loo mini ingasetyenziswanga ndawo:

• Iinqununu zafunyanwa yi-electrochemical, kwaye ayikho imishini, unyango. Oku kwavunyelwa ukunciphisa amathuba okuba nomonakalo omkhulu kumthi, ukwandisa ixesha lokusetyenziswa kwalo maxesha amaninzi.
• Ukufudumala kwe-thermal kwaqhutyelwa kwigumbi lokucoca, okwenze ukuba kube lula ukuqina okufanayo, kungenasiphako.
• Ukuqhutyelwa kwe-chrome kwinqanaba le-barrel liye landisa kakhulu ukulwa kwayo.

Kwinkqubo yoyilo kunye novavanyo lokuqala kwintsimi, utshintsho oluninzi lwenziwe kwi-design "ye-Cliff", ngokuyininzi ijolise ekunyuseni ukusinda kokulwa kwezixhobo, kunye nokulula kwayo.

Iindawo zokuvelisa

Ukongeza kwi-USSR, umpu womshini we-NSVT wenziwa eNdiya, eBulgaria nasePoland. Ngendlela, ilayisenisi ye "Utes" idluliselwe kubo kunye nelungelo lokwenza itanki ye-T-72. Kuyaziwa ukuba i-Iran inikwe imvume efanayo, kodwa, ngokucacileyo, kwakungenakwenzeka ukuseka imveliso yezibhamu kwimimandla yayo.

Isicelo sokulwa

Ngesihlandlo sokuqala umshini womshini we-NSVT wavavanywa ngempumelelo e-Afghanistan. Kwiinyanga zokuqala zemfazwe, amacala omabini omzabalazo asetyenziswa kuphela i-DShK (kwimeko yabadushmans beyiikopi zesiTshayina). Kodwa kungekudala imikhosi yethu yaqala ukugqithisa ngokubanzi kwi "Cliffs". Isithunzi sawo sasisisombululo sokulawula umlilo, ukuchaneka nokuchaneka.

Ukuba amajoni ethu ebona ama-Afghans esondela kwi-postpost, izicwangciso zalabo bantu zaguquka ngokukhawuleza, kuba kwakungenangqiqo ukufikelela kwimiba enomlilo ojoliswe kwi-bundule ukuya kwindawo yokukhangela apho isibhamu somshini we-NSVT sasimi khona. Ekuqaleni, kule njongo, ukutshintsha kwetanki kwasetyenziswe kumatshini, kodwa kamva ukuguqulwa kwamabhinqa kwakusithunyelwa kwimikhosi.

Kungekudala le sixhobo "sagxininiswe" kuzo zonke iintlobo zeetanki zaseSoviet, izibhamu ezizenzekelayo kunye nezinye izithuthi. Baye bathandana ne-NSVT (umpu wamashishini) kunye neenqwelo, apho kwakufakwe khona ngokugqithiseleyo kwiinqanawa zokujikeleza njengeendlela ezilula kunye nezisebenzayo zokuzikhusela, kuquka neenqwelo ezindizayo ezindizayo.

Eziyinzuzo

Kwiimikhankaso zombili zeChechen, umpu wamatshini wabonisa kwakhona. Ngaphezu koko, kwakukho apho "Utes" yafumana igama lesiteketiso "i-antisniper". Ekubeni esi sixhobo esingenazo iingxaki sivumela ukuqhuma emkhatsini wenyama ukuya kwiikhilomitha ezimbini, abaphangi beempiziza babemelene nje kunye neendawo zokukhusela. Kodwa nakwabaninzi abaxabisekileyo bethu baxhasi, xa amajoni ekugqibeleni aqala ukubonelela ngezinto eziqhelekileyo:

• I-Standard, brand SPP.
• Ngobusuku iNSPU-3.
• I-radar eyayiyingqayizivele, eye yavumela ukutshisa ngokuchanekileyo nakubumnyama obupheleleyo, xa "iindwangu zobusuku" eziqhelekileyo ziba zize zingabalulekanga ngenxa yokukhanya.

Enyanisweni, ekupheleni kwee-1980, imfuneko yokutshintsha indawo ye "Cliff" yinto enamhlanje isele ilukhuni, kodwa isele i-arsenal yomkhosi wethu. Kodwa ukutshintshwa kwesibhamu somshishini kuyafaneleka ngempela - "Intambo" eveliswe yi-Kovrov Weapon Factory eyaziwayo. Yintoni eyayilungileyo kwindlela yokujonga i-NSVT? Lo mshoni umshishini "yonke iqoqo" yeentlobo zobugcisa ezizodwa, ezizimeleyo zingaphaya ixesha.

Impawu zoKwakha

Okokuqala, ubunzima bayo. 25 kilogram! Ukusebenzisa izibhamu zomnxeba walo mzekelo, ngoku namhlanje isisindo esiphantsi kakhulu, nangona kukho konke ukuphumelela kwezinto zesayensi. I-Automation "Cliff" - iklasi, esekelwe ekukhutshweni kwamagesi e-powder. Ukuvalela umgqomo kwenziwa ngesango lesango, kwaye i-earring yayo ibetha umbulali ngeli xesha. Isisombululo esintle kwaye esilula senze ukuba kube lula ukuyila i sixhobo.

Indlela yokuqalisa iyinto elula njengoko ikhona kwaye ivumela kuphela umlilo ozenzekelayo. Kule meko, "i-block" inokudibaniswa kwisixhobo okanye nge-hook encane okanye nge-drive drive (kwiitanki). Ukuphatha ukuhlawulela apho.

Phantse zonke iinxalenye zangaphakathi ezihambayo zixhotyiswe nge-rollers ezenzelwe ukunciphisa ukungqubana. Ukwandisa ukusinda kwemishini, isetyenziselwa "i-fatty" cadmium. Ndiyabulela kwindibano ecatshangelwe kakuhle kunye ne-disassembly scheme, ukutshintshwa kwe-trunk kunokwenziwa ngokukhawuleza kwintsimi, ngexesha elifutshane kakhulu. Ukuze kube lula ukutshintshwa, i-handle isinikwe kumbhobho. Inxalenye yegundane - umgcini womlilo ophethe uhlobo lwesimo somzimba, oboleke kwi-DShK.

Ngaba kukho ukungafani phakathi kwe-NSVT "yokukhuseleka"? Isibhamu somatshini wetanki ekwakhiweni kwayo asifani noluhlobo olulula olusandul 'ukuzalwa, ngaphandle kwesixhobo sokuqala. Inxaxheba yayo ikhupha i-coil elula kunye ne-core and sliding core. Xa okwangoku isetyenziswe kwisixhobo, lo mva uqala ukuhamba, ucinezela "kwi-trigger". Ekubeni i-design isilula, iyinto ethembeke kakhulu, kuba akukho nto yokuphuka.

Ifom ye-shutter kunye ne-piston yegesi kwaye isango lichithwe. Imfazwe - ngokusebenzisa iteksi zetsimbi, ukuhluka okunene kunye nokwesokunxele kokungeniswa kunokwenzeka. Isici esiyingqayizivele se "Cliff" yi-front ejection yeenqwelo zeenqwelo, ezenza kube lula ukusebenzisa le sixhobo ukudala izibhamu zamashishini. Ngokukodwa, ngexesha elifanelekileyo liphuma kwiTula. Ukusebenza kwee "Cliffs" ezidibeneyo zingaphantsi kweShilka, nangona umlinganiselo womlilo welokugqibela, kunjalo, uphezulu.

Iimpawu kunye nokutya kompu

Njengezixhobo zokubona kukho i-fly and flap, ephawulwe kumgama wamakhilomitha amabini. Ekuqaleni, kwakukho i-fly, kodwa ukusetyenziswa kwakubonisa ukuba kwakungekho nhlobo kuluhlobo olunjalo.

Imfazwe yamateyipu kunye nohlobo lwe-hitch "crab". Ngamanye amanqwanqwa ayo anezixhumanisi ezilishumi. Uyilo lwenjenjalo ukuba kudibanise iteksi yeyiphi na ubude obungabonakaliyo (kodwa kungekho ngaphantsi kweenqwelo ezili-10, ngokulandelanayo). Kuyinto enokutsha, xa kuyimfuneko, iziqwenga zikhawuleza. Kwiphepha elide leengxowankulu zentsimbi, kusetyenziswa umgca omhlophe, ukwenzela ukuba kwiimeko zokulwa akudingekile ukuba ucinge ixesha elide apho ukulungelelanisa khona ezinye izinto.

Umatshini

Kwimeko eyahlukileyo yentsana, i-NSVT "Utes" yompu umshishini isetyenziswe kumatshini we-6T7. Umatshini ucatshulwa ngaphandle, unikezela ukulungelelanisa imeko, ukuvumela ukuqhuba umlilo ojoliswe kwiindawo ezihlukeneyo. Ukulungelelanisa, itololo yenzelwe ukuhamba kwegxala lokusasaza entwasahlobo, eyanceda kakhulu ukukhawuleza.

Umshini wokutyhubela oomatshini wokulwa nokulwa nomlilo awujoliswanga. Siyabulela oku, ukuyila kwayo kulula njengoko kunokwenzeka, kwaye ubunzima bayo buyi-18 kilogram. Kwimeko yokuthutha ye-12.7 mm, umpu womshini we-NSVT ususwe kuwo, kwaye umatshini ngokwawo uphahla kwaye ungathathwa ezandleni.

Ulungiso

Ukuguqulwa okuphambili nje yi-NSVT, eyayibeka kuwo onke amathangi aseSoviet, ngokuqala ngeenguqulelo zeT-64, kunye nezinye izithuthi ezikhuselekile kunye nezikebhe zokulondoloza ulwandle. Kwakusekelwe kwesi sixhobo ukuba inqanawa ye-ship "Utes-M" yenziwe.

Inqaku elithakazelisayo: umpempi omkhulu we-machine u- НС0 12.7 mm ngexesha elinye wasebenzisa i-Finns, eyayibeka kwiinqwelo zabo zokulwa, esebenza kwiintlanganiso ze-UN eMntla Afrika. Babethanda ukuthembeka, ukulula kunye namandla amakhulu abulalayo "kwi-Cliff". Ngaba kukho i-NSV okwangoku enkonzweni neMpi yaseFinnish, engaziwayo. Nangona kunjalo, oku kunokwenzeka, ekubeni inani elikhulu leemithi lingasala kwiindawo zokugcina iimpahla zaseUkraine, ukusuka apho "i-Cliffs" ngexesha labo libalahla ngokubanzi emhlabeni jikelele.

Kutheni umkhosi uhambela kwiCord namhlanje?

Kutheni imva nje imikhosi yethu idlulela kwi "Cord"? Emva koko, i-TTX enkulu ye -NSVT / umshini womshoni weCord ifana ngokufanayo:

• I-caliber yi 12.7 mm.
• Uhlobo olujoliswe kwiithagethi zomhlaba - ukusuka kwesinye nesiqingatha ukuya kweekhilomitha ezimbini.
• Iithagethi zomoya - ukuya kwiikhilomitha esinye nesiqingatha.
• Izinga lomlilo li-700-800 ngeenxa zonke ngomzuzu.

Kukho inkcazelo elula kule nto. Inyaniso kukuba emva kokuwa kwee-USSR iimveliso zokuveliswa kwezi zixhobo zihlala kwintsimi yase-Ukraine naseKazakhstan. Ngenxa yeso sizathu, kwagqitywa ukuba kuphuhliswe umshini walo mkhonto "Intambo". Wayegcina onke amandla akhe ngaphambili, kodwa wayedlula kakhulu ngeendlela ezininzi.