Umongameli yokuqala ye-USSR: umakhi, okanye ...?

Bambalwa abantu kwimbali mihla kwezopolitiko sele ufumene ubomi nodumo, ngexesha elifanayo ngexesha phantsi kuhlaselo lobundlobongela kwaye nokugculelwa njengomntu nge elula igama Russian Gorbachev - "Gorby" njengoko familiarly ngakumbi, kodwa uvelwano ecacileyo wabizwa kwi West. Le ndoda izihloko ngokwaneleyo kunye amabhaso, kwincwadi engobomi bakhe ethi ngeelwimi ezahlukeneyo abahlala lonke kwithala, yaye kungekudala, akukho mathandabuzo ngalo nto iya susa ngaphezu kwesinye umboniso feature - zigzags ziphikisana kakhulu kwenkonzo yakhe yezopolitiko. Nasiphi na isigqibo esithathwe kuzo kule minyaka ngamandla, akukho mntu, nokuba sisombululo antialcoholic mthetho okanye ukurhoxiswa eentloko ezaxhobela Soviet ukusuka Afghanistan. Uye wabamba iintlobo yezikhundla, kodwa ukuba ukhetha kakhulu "kuphela", emva koko kuvakala ngathi le nto: Umongameli yokuqala USSR. Yokuvelela esi sigqibo kukuba wahlala ixesha elifutshane kakhulu, ngaphantsi kweminyaka emibini, yaye emva koko otshonileyo imbali kunye kurhulumente ngokwayo, eSoviet Union.

UMongameli wokuqala we-USSR wonyulwa ngoMatshi 1990, ngomhla wesithathu (qaphela abagqithiseleyo!), I-Congress of yamaSekela Abantu, ngelo xesha saba lelona candelo liphezulu kwamandla karhulumente. ESoviet Union owayengekho ngaphambili ofisi yezopolitiko phantsi kwesihloko "uMongameli". Kule nkalo, umdla ukukhumbula ukuba lwemigangatho yabasemagunyeni ngurhulumente waseSoviet yayahluke nto ibalasele ngamandla kukuba ukusuka kwinkqubo oluqhelekileyo ehlabathini, idale ezininzi imiba olunameva kunxibelelwano ozakuzo. Ngubani, umzekelo, wathetha Sithi halala kwi kumsitho iholide engundoqo yesizwe? Ehlabathini lonke, umongameli we zeLizwe wabhalela ngumongameli kwelinye ilizwe, inkulumbuso - kwiqabane, kodwa kuthekani xa kwimeko eSoviet Union? Kucacile ukuba le ndoda inamandla eSoviet Union ayikho usihlalo neBhunga laBaphathiswa kunye kuNobhala Jikelele we Central Committee Communist Party, kodwa ethekweni, hayi ofisi yezopolitiko ...

Nabanye twa we ngeso wabizwa nguMongameli nguSihlalo we-ePhakamileyo yiSoviet waseUSSR, oko kukuthi, intloko yomzimba ephakamileyo lowiso karhulumente eSoviet. UMongameli wokuqala we-USSR Mihail Sergeevich Gorbachov i sikhundla nje kubanjwa de unyulo yakhe sithuba, leyo ngoku simvumele ukuba athathe ugxa wakhe nkqu kakhulu nesele anti-yobukomanisi, umzekelo, i-United States uMongameli uRonald Reagan. Yaba uMikhail Gorbachev kunye Ronald Reagan ingqalelo ezi bemeko- komyalelo elitsha ihlabathi, bonke aphelise le ixesha i "imfazwe abandayo." Nefani uMongameli wokugqibela USSR akazange behle amaphepha amaphephandaba ohloniphekileyo neemagazini, idumisa ngaye wezopolitiko wayekwazi ukwenza yokuhlala ngakumbi ihlabathi ekhuselekileyo. I-Nobel Peace Prize - ubungqina kakhulu esinzima ingqalelo Gorbachev kule ntsimi.

Noko ke, okokuqala, oko kwakhona uMongameli wokugqibela USSR kweli lizwe badla udunyiswa epithets ngendlela ezahlukeneyo - ezifana ingumtshabalalisi, ungumngcatshi, a luyawudyobha kunye nabanye. Into kwezi zityholo abe yinyaniso, kodwa ubukhulu becala - lisekhona. Igama lokugqibela kuyo nayiphi na imeko iya kuhlala emva ibali, kodwa kuphela igama elinye Mihaila Sergeevicha Gorbachova isima ngayo ukusebenza kwezinye abantu smart kakhulu nje esahlala olomeleleyo. Kodwa ndikuqhelile oku ixesha elide yaye abazange banikele ingqalelo ukuqukuqela ngezityholo kunye intlebendwane - kuba yena uMikhail Gorbachev, omnye kuphela ngohlobo lwayo uMongameli wokuqala we-USSR!