Umntu lanempembelelo kwimbali: imizekelo. Abantu batshintsha indlela yembali yehlabathi

Abantu yalitshintsha ihlabathi, abaninzi. Oku oogqirha ezaziwayo-kakuhle, beza kunye kunyanga izifo, yaye bafunda ukwenza imisebenzi enzima; Abezopolitiko abaqale imfazwe oyiswe ilizwe; oosomajukujuku ngubani kuqala orbited Umhlaba ujikeleza yawo, wazimisa unyawo phezu kwenyanga, njalo-njalo. Amawaka kuwo, nokuba ukuxelela ngazo zonke kunokwenzeka. Eli nqaku uluhlu kuphela inxalenye encinane yale buchopho, sibonga kuso kwakukho izinto ezifunyaniswe zizazinzulu, iinguqu ezintsha neentsingiselo zobuciko. Zezona umntu itshintshe imbali.

Alexander Suvorov

Ingqwayi omkhulu, owayephila kwinkulungwane XVIII, waba ngumntu elithile. Yena umntu oye lanempembelelo kwimbali kunye nezigcaliselo eqhuba qhinga kunye iqhinga izicwangciso ezilungileyo imfazwe. igama lakhe ebhalwe ngoonobumba zegolide encwadini yeembali imbali Russian, ukhunjulwa njenge umphathi engakhathali okuqaqambileyo yomkhosi.

Kubo bonke ubomi bakhe, Alexander Suvorov ezinikelwe amadabi kunye amadabi. Yena inxaxheba ezisixhenxe emkhosini, wakhokela amadabi 60, engazi ukoyiswa. italente yakhe nokubhala lwabonakala kwincwadi yakhe "Science of woloyiso", apho ufundisa isizukulwana kwencinane ubugcisa imfazwe, wabelana namava akhe kunye nolwazi. Kule ndawo, Suvorov waba ngaphambi kwexesha layo kwiminyaka emininzi ezayo.

To credit yakhe kwindawo yokuqala kukuba bagqibelela lo mkhwa imfazwe iye liqulunqe iindlela ezintsha zokuhlaselwa kunye nokuhlasela. Yonke ngesayensi yayisekelwe iintsika ezintathu: Ukuhlasela, isantya amehlo elungileyo. Lo mgaqo ovezwa nokuzimisela amajoni, uphuhliso linge kwaye uzive intlonipho eyodwa oogxa babo. Edabini, wayesoloko ehamba phambi amajoni eziqhelekileyo, ezibonisa umzekelo nesibindi ubuqhawe.

uCatherine II

Le meko obhinqileyo. Njengazo zonke ezinye ubuntu lanempembelelo imbali, yaba akuyo, womelele kwaye ekrelekrele. Yena wazalelwa eJamani, kodwa 1744 weza eRashiya njengomtshakazi kuba unyana uKumkanikazi - i-Grand Duke Peter III. Umyeni wakhe umdla yaye listless, zaphantse abazange ukunxibelelana. Lonke ixesha free echithwa ukufunda Catherine imisebenzi zomthetho kunye nezoqoqosho, oko sitsala ingcamango yiEnlightenment. Ukufumana abantu abanazo entendelezweni, yena wabhukuqa indoda yakhe ngaphandle kobunzima evela etroneni waza waba yinkosikazi yinxalenye Russia.

ukubusa ubizwa ngokuba 'yegolide' ukuba izikhulu. Umlawuli zingaguqulwa States, wathabatha amazwe ibandla ebuncwaneni karhulumente, leyo bazizityebi ngamandla kwaye ukwenza ubomi lula abalimi zesiqhelo. Kulo mzekelo, impembelelo ubuntu kwi indlela yembali kuthetha ukwamkelwa ngezenzo zomthetho ezintsha. Ngenxa Catherine: yotshintsho wephondo, ukwandiswa amalungelo nenkululeko yezikhulu, ukudalwa mahlelo alandelayo umzekelo kuluntu Western yaseYurophu kunye nokubuyiselwa wegunya Russia ehlabathini.

UPeter Omkhulu

Omnye umlawuli Russian eyayiphila kwiminyaka elikhulu phambi Catherine, naye wadlala indima enkulu kakhulu kuphuhliso karhulumente. Yena nje umntu lanempembelelo kwimbali. 1 UPetros waba yingqondi yesizwe. Isaziso utitshala, "ube sisibane ubudala," njengomsindisi weRashiya, indoda wawavulayo amehlo abantu abaqhelekileyo ukuba yaseYurophu indlela yobomi kunye nolawulo. Khumbula ukuba ibinzana elithi "window eYurophu"? Ngoko, ke Potr Veliky "Wayixakaxa" nangona ukubamonela yonke yakhe.

UPetros waba ngukumkani wenguquko enkulu, litshintsha iziseko karhulumente ekuqaleni nje asebukhosini, uze emva koko nethandwayo. Lo mntu, ngubani lanempembelelo kwimbali kwelo 'elambile ezingahlanjwanga' Russian, ibulela kuye, ukuba izinto eziye phambili kunye impumelelo kumazwe Western ziye zaziswa. UPeter Omkhulu ikwazile ukwandisa imida yezoqoqosho neyenkcubeko ubukhosi babo, boyise emazweni ezintsha. Russia wabona amandla amakhulu kwaye lixabisekile indima yalo kwiqonga lelizwe jikelele.

Alexander II

Emva Petra Velikogo kuphela ukumkani abaqala bachithe iinguqu ezinkulu-scale. amacebo akhe ubuyekeze ngokupheleleyo umfanekiso Russia. Njengabanye Ubuntu ezaziwayo-kakuhle abatshintshe indlela yembali, lo mlawuli ufanelwe intlonipho kunye nokuqondwa. Ebudeni bolawulo lwakhe iwela kwinkulungwane XIX.

Eyona mpumelelo ibalulekileyo ukumkani ukupheliswa of serfdom eRashiya, nto leyo Kyea uphuhliso loqoqosho kunye nezenkcubeko eli lizwe. Kakade ke, nokuphelisa inkqubo, efana kakhulu ebukhobokeni, wacinga kunye ngamalungu ka-Alexander II - n Velikaya and Nicholas I. Kodwa akukho namnye kubo ke bengasenabuganga ukuba azibuyisele iziseko ngurhulumente uyijongise ezantsi.

utshintsho esiqatha zenzekile kunokuba emva kwexesha, ekubeni eli lizwe iye utsha imvukelo abantu abagxekayo. Ukongeza, kwi 1880s, iinguqulelo ziye etyetyisiweyo, bacaphukisa ulutsha olululo. Tsar-wenguquko waba lixhoba ngokunxunguphala ezakhokelela ekupheleni inguqu ifuthe ngokupheleleyo kuphuhliso Russia kwixesha elizayo.

Lenin

Lenin, lo revolution odumileyo, umntu lanempembelelo kwimbali. ULenin wakhokela imvukelo eRashiya nxamnye lobuzwilakhe. Wayekhokelela abalweli kwi ngothango, kangangokuba Tsar Nicholas II yabhukuqwayo yaye beza amagunya namandla, amaKomanisi ulawulo ogama bamkela kangangenkulungwane kwakhokelela iinguqu ezibalulekileyo, ibalulekileyo kubomi babantu abaqhelekileyo.

Ukufunda imisebenzi Marx kunye Engels, uLenin wakhuthaza ukulingana kunye nkulu phantsi ngamandla. Ithiyori ilungile, kodwa kwaba nzima ukuphumeza okunene, njengoko abameli abakhethiweyo waphila, ahlambe kubunewunewu, lo gama abasebenzi eziqhelekileyo kunye nabalimi esebenza nzima nobusuku. Kodwa ke, ebudeni uLenin efanayo, xa uqala kuqala, yonke into wahamba ngendlela afuna ngayo.

Kwithuba wokulawula Lenin pripadaet iziganeko ezibalulekileyo leMfazwe yokuQala yeHlabathi, iMfazwe Civil eRashiya, ikhohlakele kunye lendaba ukudubula yonke intsapho yasebukhosini, ukugqithiselwa kwemali eyinkunzi ukusuka St. Petersburg ukuya eMoscow, isiseko Red Army, ukusekwa epheleleyo elalisakuba yiSoviet kunye nokwamkelwa siseko wayo wokuqala.

Stalin

Abantu itshintshe imbali ... Xa uluhlu kwabo oonobumba nebomvu yalikhanyisa igama Iosifa Vissarionovicha. Waba "wogrogriso 'ixesha lakhe. Iinkampu Isiseko enemingxuma, Soslan ukuba izigidi naziphi zabantu abamsulwa, adubula iintsapho lonke kombono, indlala ngumntu - konke oku kuye ezozinto satshintsha kubomi babantu. Abanye ingqalelo Stalin usathana, abanye nguThixo, njengoko ibinayo ngexesha isigqibo ziyahlelwa wonke ummi eSoviet Union. Kananjalo enye okanye enye, ngokuqinisekileyo wayengekho. zaboyikisa abantu ngokwabo nokumvusa kwakhe phezu kwamanqwanqwa. Ukunqulwa ubuntu yenziwe kwi uloyiko jikelele kunye igazi amaxhoba elimsulwa kwexesha.

Umntu lanempembelelo kwimbali, Stalin, waziwa nje kuphela nangoloyikiso abaninzi. Kakade ke, ngegalelo lakhe imbali Russia na icala oluhle. Kwaba ebudeni bolawulo lwakhe, urhulumente wenze idabi enamandla kwezoqoqosho, baqala ukuphuhlisa amaziko yenzululwazi kunye nenkcubeko. Yaba nguye lowo yayimi kwintloko womkhosi ukuba bagxothiwe uHitler ndalisindisa iYurophu Fascism.

nikita Khrushchev

Ngumntu ludale ngubani lanempembelelo kwimbali. iyafika enemisebenzi Laziwa wabonisa sakhiwe ilitye lakhe, bobabini yenziwe amatye abamnyama nabamhlophe. Khrushchev, kwelinye icala, Stalin wayengumntu, yaye kwelinye - inganga owayezama yokuphelisa ukunqulwa ubuntu. Waqalisa utshintsho olukhulu ukuba babemele ukutshintsha ngokupheleleyo le nkqubo wegazi, kukhululwa iinkampu, izigidi amabanjwa elimsulwa, Ndibaxolele amakhulu amawaka abo bagwetyelwe ukufa. Ukuba ixesha ngokuba "nobudlelwane," ngenxa yokuba ayeke ukutshutshisa, kunxunguphala.

Kodwa Khrushchev wayengazi ukuba indlela izinto ezinkulu kuse ekupheleni, ngoko ke kubizwa ngokuba utshintsho isiqingatha-inemivuyo. Ukunqongophala zemfundo wamenza umntu emxinwa-nye nonke, kodwa intuition enkulu, isizathu zendalo kunye ithuku yezopolitiko wamnceda elide kangaka ukuba ahlale kwi kwizikhundla eziphezulu amandla kwaye ufumane indlela yokuphuma ngexesha likaxakeka. Kuyinto ngenxa Khrushchev wakwazi ukuphepha imfazwe yenyukliya ngexesha le ntlekele enomjukujelwa Cuba, nkqu eli phepha Tyhila iphepha kakhulu igazi kwimbali Russia.

Dmitri Mendeleev

Russia uye wadala eninzi iinqwelo ezinkulu ukuba ukuphuculwa kwiindawo ezahlukeneyo zenzululwazi. Kodwa Mendeleev ivelele, njengokuba igalelo lakhe kuphuhliso bayo gqitha. Chemistry, physics, komhlaba, ezoqoqosho, isosioloji - lonke eli xesha lokufunda Mendeleev uze uvule la macandelo phezulu lawo ezintsha. Kwakhona kakuhle eyaziwa shipbuilder, balloonist kunye Encyclopedic.

Umntu lanempembelelo kwimbali, i Mendeleyev wafumanisa umthetho ngamaxesha athile, nto leyo evumela ukuqikelela ukuvela izinto ezintsha lwekhemikhali, ukuvulwa apho kwenzeka ngemihla yethu. base izifundo chemistry esikolweni kwaye eyunivesithi - etafileni yakhe. Phakathi zafezwa yakhe uphando ngokupheleleyo amandla igesi, amalinge eyandinceda ukuba kuveliswe equation karhulumente gas.

Ukongeza, i-nzulu inxaxheba yafunda iimpawu-nkqubo oyile nokubandakanywa eziveziweyo zazo utyalo-mali kuqoqosho kunye nenye iphayiphu ecetywayo ukwandisa inkonzo amasiko. iincam zakhe olukhulu esetyenziswa yi abalungiseleli amaninzi gunya.

Ivan Pavlov

Njengazo zonke ubuntu, lanempembelelo kwimbali, waba ikrelekrele kakhulu, intuition unengqondo ephangaleleyo ngaphakathi. Ivan Pavlov ngenkuthalo kusetyenziswa ukuhlola bakhe izilwanyana, ibizama ukuveza iimpawu eziqhelekileyo ubomi eziphilayo, kuquka abantu.

Pavlov wayekwazi ukungqina imisebenzi ezahlukeneyo kwalapho kwi nemithambo yegazi. Oku kuboniswe njani na luvo vagus banako ukulawula uxinzelelo lwegazi. Ukanti ke ukutya yaba discoverer we umsebenzi-luvo, nto leyo enefuthe ngenkqubo ye-luvo ngokutsha, inyama Ukwakheka.

Kamva wayichola amalungu we phecana wokudla, okubangela wafumana ibhaso le-Nobel ngo-1904. mpumelelo yakhe engundoqo kuthathwa ukuba isifundo ingqondo, umsebenzi ephakamileyo luvo, ikhaliphe moya kunye kuthiwa inkqubo alarm yabantu. imisebenzi yakhe yaba sisiseko beengcamango ezininzi amayeza.

uMikhail Lomonosov

Wayephila wasebenza ebudeni bolawulo Petra Velikogo. Ngoko ke ugxininiso yabekwa kuphuhliso lwemfundo kunye nokwazisa, kwaye yokuqala Russian Academy of Sciences sadalwa, apho Lomonosov wachitha emininzi imihla yakhe. Yena waba umlimi elula, yakwazi ukuba banyukele phezulu, yinto eningenakukholwa yiyo, ukubaleka up leri koluntu abe umzila Scientist, nozuko, ehlaba ukuya namhlanje.

Ukuba unomdla kuyo yonke into enxulumene zemvelo chemistry. Le yokugqibela wayefuna ukukhulula kwimpembelelo amayeza kunye nevenkile yamayeza. Yaba Bulelani kuye ukuba chemistry mihla ebonakalayo njenge inzululwazi wazalelwa waza waqalisa ukuba ngenkuthalo. Ukongeza, waba lexicographer odumileyo, wafunda imbali kwaye wabhala ingxelo. UPeter Omkhulu, wacinga umlawuli ofanelekileyo, osemqoka kuphuhliso karhulumente. Ngemisebenzi yabo lwenzululwazi, wachaza njengendlela isampulu ingqondo, apho watshintsha imbali waza wajika ingcamango nkqubo yezolawulo. Imigudu Lomonosov waseyunivesithi yokuqala eRashiya eyasekwayo - Moscow. Ukususela ngelo xesha, waqalisa ukuphuhlisa imfundo ephakamileyo.

kaYuri Gagarin

Abantu lanempembelelo kwimbali ... Uluhlu Kunzima ukucinga ngaphandle uYuri Gagarin, umntu lowo woyisa isithuba. indawo iinkwenkwezi watsala abantu kangangeenkulungwane, kodwa kuphela kwinkulungwane yokugqibela, abantu lizibandakanye lwalo lokukhawulelana nophuhliso. Ngelo xesha kwakukho sele isiseko lobuchule aphuhliswe kakuhle moya ezinjalo.

Space Age yabalasela ukhuphiswano phakathi eSoviet Union kunye United States. Iinkokeli yamazwe ezinkulu baye bazama ukubonisa amandla abo kunye ephakeme kunabanye, yaye isithuba enye yeenketho kakhulu kulo mdlalo. Embindini kwinkulungwane XX ukusukuzana phezu oya kuthumela umntu orbit. Kule uhlanga, waphumelela i-USSR. Sonke siyazi umhla ibhena i ukususela kwisikolo samabanga aphakamileyo: Aprili 12, 1961, usomajukujuku yokuqala yabhabhela orbit, apho wachitha imizuzu 108. Lo mlinganiswa ogama kaYuri Gagarin. Kusuku olulandelayo emva kokuba uhambo lwakhe emajukujukwini, waba waduma ehlabathini lonke. Nangona, ngumzali, akazange ingqalelo ngokwakhe omkhulu. Gagarin Kudla ngokuthiwa ilixa enesiqingatha wayengenalo ixesha nokuba baqonde oko kwakusenzeka kuye yaye ziziphi iimvakalelo zakhe ngexesha elifanayo.

Alexander Pushkin

Ibizwa ngokuba 'ilanga kwimibongo Russian ". wayesele kudala ekubeni ube luphawu yesizwe Russia, iivesi bakhe, imibongo kunye iprozi lixabiseke kakhulu yaye uyazukiswa. Kwaye hayi kuphela amazwe awayesakuba yiSoviet Union, kodwa ehlabathini lonke. Phantse yonke imizi eRashiya kukho isitalato, isikwere okanye isikwere, ogama emva Aleksandra Pushkina. Abantwana bafunda esikolweni, emsebenzini wakhe, nikela kuye kuphela ngethuba leeyure zesikolo nasemva esikolweni ngohlobo ngokuhlwa weendawo zoncwadi.

Lo mntu wadala izibongo evumelana kunjalo, ukuba akukho lingana ehlabathini. Ekubeni ubuchule bakhe ukuphuhlisa uncwadi olutsha kunye neentlobo zayo - ukusuka umbongo nemidlalo yeqonga. Pushkin ukufunda kwenye umoya. Uye ukuchana, imigca ezinesingqi, ukuba ngentloko ngokukhawuleza nangokulula uphindaphindwe. Xa siqwalasela kukha- womntu, amandla akhe ngayo nomlinganiswa kunye nomxholo enzulu yangaphakathi, oko Kungaphikiswa ukuba ngokwenene umntu lanempembelelo kwimbali. Wabafundisa abantu ukuba bathethe in Russian e nokutyhilwa kwalo mihla.

Okunye ekuthethwa ngabo

Zininzi kakhulu kangangokuba ukudwelisa zonke kwinqaku elinye ayiyi kuphumelela. Nantsi imizekelo yinxalenye encinane kwiinkokeli Russian, abatshintshe imbali. Nokuba bangakanani kukho abanye? Le Gogol and Dostoevsky kunye Tolstoy. Xa sihlalutya babantu kwamanye amazwe, kufuneka kuqatshelwe zobulumko zamandulo Aristotle Plato; Artist: ULeonardo da Vinci, uPicasso, Monet; zokuma nelizwe discoverers: Magellan, Cook ne Columbus; oosonzululwazi: uGalileo Newton; Abezopolitiko: Thatcher, Kennedy ne uHitler; Nabasunguli: Bell kunye Edison.

Bonke aba bantu bakwazi jika ngokupheleleyo baliqungaqungileyo elimiweyo, ukudala imithetho yabo, kunye ezifunyaniswe zizazinzulu. Abanye benza ihlabathi libe yindawo engcono, yaye nje umntu bobungayi konakaliswa. Enoba kwakuyintoni na, amagama abo kumntu wonke umntu Emhlabeni emhlabeni kwaye ndaqonda ukuba ubomi bethu iya kwahluka ngokupheleleyo ngaphandle kwaba bantu. Ukufunda ngabantu abathile kubantu abaziwayo, siye sifumane izithixo, apho ufuna ukuthatha umzekelo kwaye abe zonke izenzo kunye nezenzo zakhe.