Umhlaza wegazi.

Umdlavuza wegazi (okanye i-leukemia) yindlela yomhlaza weeseli zegazi. Kukwahlula, zonke i-leukemi zihlulwe ngokuxhomekeka kwiiyiphi iiseli ezibandakanyeka kwinkqubo enobungozi. Ukongezelela, bahlula ngokwezinga lentuthuko, kunye nezinga lokubonakalisa iinguqu kwi-formula ye leukocyte.

Ngokuqinisekileyo, umdlavuza wegazi ukhula kubantu asebekhulile, kunye nabantwana ukuya kwiminyaka emihlanu ukuya kweyisixhenxe. Ngokuqhelekileyo, i-leukemia inokuphuhliswa phantsi kweemeko zomsebenzi onobungozi zomqeshwa, ngokukodwa xa zibonakaliswe kwimisebe ye-ionizing. Ukongezelela, oogqirha bafumanisa ukuba ukutshaya kubangela ingozi ekwandiseni umdlavuza wegazi. Ukuthetha ngokusetyenziswa kotywala nokutshaya, kubalulekile ukuphawula ukuba zombini le miba yandisa ingozi yokuphuhliswa kwe-oncology ngenxa yempembelelo yawo kwiiseli zomzimba womntu.

Izizathu ezibalulekileyo zokuphuhliswa komdlavuza wegazi: zisebenza ngemithombo ye-radiation ionizing (oko kukuthi, umphumo we-radiation kwabasebenzi), isiphumo kumzimba wezidakamizwa (utywala, ezinye iimichiza zamachiza, iicicin, ezinye izicwangciso zamachiza), ezinye izifo zendalo kunye neentsholongwane ezikhokelela Ukungahlali kakuhle kweeseli zegazi.

Njengomdlavuza, umdlavuza wegazi ubonakala ngokubonakala kweempawu eziqhelekileyo: ubuthakathaka, intlungu kunye kunye nokuphuma kwegazi, ukulahleka kwesisindo, isisongela, ukungabikho kwengqondo, ubuhlungu besisu, ukugqithisa kunye nokukhulisa i-lymph.

Ukuhlolwa kwegazi kumdlavuza wegazi kuyindlela ephezulu yokuxilongwa. Xa kunokukrokrelwa kwe-leukemia, isigulane sinikezelwa inkqubo yokuxilonga (eyongezelelweyo) kunye nokuchithwa komnatha wethambo. Kule nto, i-ilium okanye ithambo le-sternum lenziwa, kwaye ifunyenwe into yokuxilonga. Ukuba isifo somhlaza sifumaneka kule sampuli, unyango olufanelekileyo lunqunywe ngokuhambelana nomfanekiso weklinikhi kunye neempawu zesifundo sesi sifo.

Iindlela zokuphatha i-leukemia ezingapheliyo zixhasa-ulindele, injongo yalo kukunyusa ixesha lokuxolelwa kunye nokukhusela ukuphuhliswa kweengxaki. Ngokuphathelele i -leukemia enkulu, idinga unyango ukusuka kwisigaba sokuxilongwa. Unyango lwe-leukemia eqaqambileyo uqukumbela isistim somzimba somzimba ngomntu nge-irradiation kunye ne-chemotherapy kunye nokudala ixesha lokuxolelwa. Emva kokuba isiguli sigxininise, kunokwenzeka ukuba uqale ukunikela umtshini we-bone.

Into ehlukile yonyango lesi sifo - ingaphantsi kwesigulane ubudala, bhetele unyango luba ngcono. Kubantwana, unyango lomdlavuza wegazi phantse kwiipesenti ezingamashumi asithoba zecala liphela ngokuxolelwa. Kodwa kubantu abadala, lesi sibonakaliso ngumyalelo wobukhulu obuphantsi - kuphela kwishumi elinesihlanu ukuya kuma-20 ekhulwini. Ipesenti encinci yempumelelo yonyango ngumntu wabantu kwiqela elidala "ngaphezu kwama-50".

Kukho inani elikhulu leentlobo ze-leukemia, ngasinye sineziganeko zayo zemifanekiso yeklinikhi kunye neempawu. Kuzo zonke iintlobo kukho unyango oluthile. Ngokuqhelekileyo kunyango kuphela indlela edibeneyo. I-pharmacotherapy esetyenziswa ngokuqhelekileyo (i-chemotherapy), kunye ne-cytotoxic kunye ne-hormone drugs (ngakumbi-glucocorticosteroids).

Ngaloo ndlela, umdlavuza wegazi, ukuba ube esinye sezifo ezibulalayo kwizitho zomntu kunye neenkqubo, kufuna uncedo olukhethekileyo ngenxa yesigxina esichengileyo sesi sifo. Ukuqhubela phambili kwinto yokuba ngexesha lokuqala unyango, ukunyanzeliswa kwendawo kukuhle, ingqalelo ekhethekileyo ihlawulwa kumayeza anamhlanje ukuya kwiindlela zanamhlanje, ezikhawulezayo nezithembekileyo zokufumanisa izicubu ezimbi, ngenjongo yokufunyanwa kwangaphambili kweli qela le-pathology.