Ukuphazamiseka ngengqondo: Iimpawu and Treatment

izifo zengqondo - iqela yokugula ngengqondo kakhulu. Akhokelela ukuhlukumeza yokucinga ecacileyo, ukukwazi ukwenza amasiko athe tye, aphendule ngokweemvakalelo, ukunxibelelana nabantu kwaye ukuqonda ubunyani. Abantu ezineempawu iqapheleka esi sifo isoloko abakwazi ukumelana nemisebenzi yemihla ngemihla. Okubangel 'umdla kukuba uninzi lwala makhwiniba kuvandlakanywa phakathi kubahlali kumazwe.

Noko ke, iintlobo nokuba nzima esikhukulayo kwezifo ukuba iqondo elikhulu okanye elingaphantsi efanele unyango.

definition

izifo zengqondo ziquka uluhlu lwezifo kunye neempawu ezinxulumeneyo. Enyanisweni, ezi ukuphazamiseka ezinye iintlobo osezingqondweni silungiswe okanye ukuphazamiseka ezikhoyo ixesha elininzi kunye ukuphazamisana nokusebenza eqhelekileyo umntu njengelungu yinxalenye yoluntu.

iziqephu ngengqondo ekunokwenzeka ityala ekwanti, kodwa amaxesha amaninzi ukuba abe nomqondiso unxaxho ebalulekileyo kwimpilo yengqondo.

Imiba yomngcipheko ngenxa kukuvela ukuphazamiseka zengqondo iquka ufuzo (ingakumbi schizophrenia), ukusetyenziswa kweziyobisi rhoqo (ingakumbi iziyobisi hallucinogenic). Sisiqalo episode ngengqondo nazo ukubangela imeko ntshikilelo.

iintlobo

izifo zengqondo nabangekafumani iqwalaselwe ngokupheleleyo, ezinye iingongoma zahlukile ngokuxhomekeke indlela ufundisiso zabo, kwangokunjalo kubekho ezinye iiyantlukwano kwiqela le yokuhlela. Oku kusebenza ingakumbi ukuphazamiseka schizoaffective, ngenxa eziphikisanayo data malunga nohlobo lemvelaphi yabo. Ukongeza, akusoloko kusenzeka ukuba ukujonga ngokuchanileyo unobangela uphawu ethile.

Noko ke, ukuze sikwazi ukubona ezi ntlobo zilandelayo esisiseko, ixhaphakileyo, ukuphazamiseka ngengqondo, schizophrenia, ukugula ngengqondo, ukuphazamiseka ngokweemvakalelo, ngengqondo isifo polymorphic.

schizophrenia

Esi sifo olufunyanwa kwiimeko iimpawu ezifana iimfeketho zokufeketha okanye nemibono iinyanga ezi-6 (iimpawu ezi-2 ubuncinane kufuneka provyalyatsya ngokuqhubekayo inyanga okanye ngaphezulu), kunye neenguqu ezifanelekileyo yokuziphatha. Kwiimeko ezininzi, ngenxa yokuba kunzima ukwenza imisebenzi yemihla ngemihla (umz, emsebenzini okanye xa noqeqesho).

Uxilongo ngesifo kuvamise yinyaniso yokuba iimpawu ezinjalo lunokwenzeka kunye nezinye izifo, kunye nezigulane amaninzi dissemble malunga nobungakanani iimpawu zazo. Umzekelo, umntu akavumelekanga ukuba avume ukuba amazwi ukuva ngenxa iimfeketho zokufeketha paranoid okanye ukoyika amabala, njalo-njalo.

Kubangele:

• Schizophreniform disorder. Oku kuquka iimpawu ngesifo sengqondo, kodwa kuthatha ixesha ngaphantsi: ukusuka kwisi-1 ukuya kwiinyanga ezi-6.
• disorder Schizoaffective. Lubonakala yi iimpawu ezifana schizophrenia, kunye nezifo ezifana kwengqondo.

ukugula ngengqondo

Ku unayo ingqiqo egqwethekileyo leyinene.

episode ingqondo ingaquka ebizwa ngokuba yi-iimpawu ezintle: nemibono ezibonwayo kunye nezinto ezikhalayo, iimfeketho zokufeketha, ukuqiqa paranoid, nokudideka yokucinga. Iimpawu ezimbi ziquka mood odandathekileyo, ubunzima ekwakheni ntetho, amazwana nokugcina incoko esisiso.

disorder

disorder, zibandakanya zokulwa nale ngxaki. State ngesifo efanayo abantu badla yenza etshintsha uchulumanco iphezulu (mania okanye hypomania) ukuya lisezantsi (depression).

Nayiphi isiqephu bipolar ukuze kwachazwa ngokuthi "isifo etsolo ngengqondo", kodwa awunakho ukwenza ngolunye uhlobo.

Ezinye iimpawu ngengqondo ukuze provyalyatsya kuphela ngexesha uphuhliso mania okanye uxinezeleko. Ngokomzekelo, ngexesha episode manic umntu basenokuziva ezinkulu yaye sikholelwa ukuba linamandla emangalisayo (umzekelo, ukukwazi ukuba kusoloko ukuwina nayiphi lotto).

disorder Polymorphic ingqondo

Kunjalo nje ngokuphosakeleyo ibonakalisa ngengqondo. Njengokuba uqala, njengoko ukugula ngengqondo, nazo zonke iimpawu zayo umlindi, kodwa xa kungekho ekuqaqambeni ngokuchaza yayo yoqobo. Libhekisela uhlobo ukuphazamiseka etsolo watyhutyha ngengqondo. kuvela ngesiquphe Iimpawu kwaye itshintsha rhoqo (umzekelo, lonke ixesha umntu ubona entsha, eyahlukileyo ngokupheleleyo kwezinye nemibono nganye), umfanekiso jikelele kwezonyango sifo ngokuqhelekileyo kuphuhliswa kakhulu ngokukhawuleza. episode efanayo ophelileyo, ngokuqhelekileyo iinyanga ezi-3 ukuya kwezi-4.

Bekela bucala disorder polymorphic ngengqondo iimpawu ngesifo nangaphandle. Kwimeko yokuqala, esi sifo sizibonakalisa ziimpawu ngesifo ezifana nemibono kwaye uzinzile utshintsho elide olungqamelanayo kwi yokuziphatha. Kwimeko yesibini, ukuba ukutshabalala, badla kugxilwe umbono akuboni, imo iyatshintsha rhoqo isuka.

iimpawu

Kwaye schizophrenia kunye ukugula ngengqondo, nazo zonke ezinye iintlobo zezifo abantu basoloko zilandelayo langoku eziphawula iimpawu disorder ingqondo. Ukubizwa ngokuba "HIV", kodwa hayi kwi ngengqiqo yokuba ulungile yaye eluncedo kwabanye. Xa amayeza, igama enjalo esetyenziswa kwimeko iimpawu kulindeleke sifo okanye uhlobo eziqhelekileyo yokuziphatha kwimo yalo kakhulu. Iimpawu ezintle ziquka saka, iimfeketho zokufeketha, iintshukumo engaqhelekanga okanye ukunqongophala intshukumo (wobuthongo catatonic), kwaye yokuziphatha engaqhelekanga kwaye abangekaphuhli uhlobo.

ngamaphupho

Ziquka iimvakalelo ukuba akukho yinyani engqinelanayo. Ukuba nemibono ngazo ngokwayo kwiintlobo ezahlukeneyo iimvakalelo parallel yabantu.

• ukuba nemibono Visual ziquka umntu osembonweni enombala kunye nombono izinto ezingezizo, amadoda alwa nawe.
• Eludabeni, uhlobo ixhaphakileyo, la amazwi entlokweni yam. Ngamanye amaxesha ezi ntlobo zimbini ze nemibono zibe ugalelwe, oko kukuthi, abantu nje uve amazwi, kodwa ubona abanini bazo.
• Ukuqgiba. Man uziva amavumba azikho kwaukubakho.
• Somatic. Igama livela i "Soma" Greek - umzimba. Ngako oko, idatha saka komzimba, umz, imvo phambi nantoni na ulusu okanye phantsi kwesikhumba.

mania

Le uphawu ngoyena iphawuleka disorder etsolo ngengqondo iimpawu ngesifo sengqondo.

Mania - a iinkolelo enamandla ezingenangqondo nezingeyonyani ngabantu ekunzima ukutshintsha, nangona kukho ubungqina obucacileyo. Uninzi lwabantu non-zonyango bakholelwa ukuba mania - nto nje clinical, intshutshiso mania, suspiciousness ngokugqithiseleyo, xa umntu ecinga ukuba wonke ngeenxa zonke kuye - iyelenqe. Noko ke, le didi ikwaquka iinkolelo ngqiqweni, uthando maniacal fantasy nekhwele kumda kwi ndlongo.

Megalomania - inkolelo eqhelekileyo ibubudenge, ngenxa iindlela ezahlukahlukeneyo akabaxwa ukubaluleka komntu. Umzekelo, isigulane sizigqale yena ngumongameli okanye ukumkani. Amaxesha amaninzi megalomania iba izandi ezincinane zonqulo. Umntu unakho ingqalelo yena uKrestu, okanye, umzekelo, ukuqinisekisa ngokunyanisekileyo abanye ukuba nguye ngokutsha kwe-Virgin Mary.

Kwakhona, swihoxo akholisa ukubakho ezinxulumene iimpawu kunye nokusebenza kwamalungu omzimba. Kwakukho iimeko xa abantu wala ukudla ngenxa yenkolelo ukuba zonke izihlunu emqaleni uphethwe ngokupheleleyo, kwaye bonke ukuba ukuginya - amanzi. Kulo mzekelo, akukho sizathu ngokwenene oku.

ezinye iimpawu

Ezinye iimpawu zidla luphawulwa zezigulo zengqondo zexesha elifutshane. Ezi iintshukumo zomzimba engaqhelekanga, grimaces abasisigxina kunye uncharacteristic somntu kunye meko, okanye yobuso ngokuchaseneyo, ngalala catatonic - ukungabikho ntshukumo.

Yiba indawo ukuba intetho ubugqwetha: ulandelelwano engalunganga amagama kwisivakalisi, iimpendulo ukuba akukho ntsingiselo okanye hayi afanelekileyo kumxholo incoko, ndimyeke iqela lakhe.

Kwakhona imiba badla ikhoyo useto lomntu: ecula tsiba phantsi kweemeko ephosakeleyo, moodiness, ukusetyenziswa non-umgangatho izinto eziqhelekileyo, ezifana nokudalwa ifoyile emnqwazini.

Kakade ke, umntu nokuphazamiseka ngengqondo asingabo bonke iimpawu zenzeka ngexesha elinye. Isiseko uphethwe ubukho iimpawu enye okanye ngaphezulu ixesha elide.

izizathu

Chonga unobangela ilandelayo iphambili ukuphazamiseka ngengqondo:

• Reaction kuxinezeleko. Ukususela kumaxesha ngamaxesha, kunye noxinezeleko ngamandla elide ngazo ngayo ingqondo okwethutyana. Kulo mzekelo, unobangela ukuphazamiseka kunokuba zombini, imeko apho abantu abaninzi kubo bonke ubomi babo, ezifana nokufa kwelinye iqabane okanye mtshato, kwaye usinda - intlekele yendalo, ukuba kwinkalo yemisebenzi zomkhosi okanye ekuthinjweni. episode Ngokuqhelekileyo ngengqondo iphela nasekunciphiseni uxinezeleko, kodwa ngamanye amaxesha imeko enjalo kungalindiswa okanye abe esingapheliyo.
• Kwasemva ngengqondo. Kwezinye abafazi, kwenziwe utshintsho mpela kwamadlala ngenxa zokubeleka kunokubangela disorder yayiyazi ngengqondo. Ngelishwa, le meko basoloko isifo kwaye baphathwe, kunye result ukuba amatyala kwenzeka xa unina elisandul 'ukusekwa ubulala umntwana okanye ukuzibulala.
• indlela ibakhusela eziphilayo. Bakholelwa ukuba abantu nokuphazamiseka nobuntu ezithandwa ntshikilelo, abaqiniseki luyilungele ebudaleni. Ngenxa yoko, xa kwimali iimeko zobomi, episode ngengqondo esinokubakho.
• ukuphazamiseka ingqondo ngenxa iimpawu zenkcubeko. Inkcubeko - into ebalulekileyo ekumiseleni zempilo yengqondo. Kwiinkcubeko ezininzi, isikakhulu uthathwa ukutenxa kule nesithethe zempilo yengqondo yinxalenye izithethe, iinkolelo, kuthethwa iziganeko zembali. Ngokomzekelo, kweminye imimandla Japan ziyafana kakhulu ukuya ku mkhuba, inkolelo yokuba zangasese nga sofinyela, arhoxe kungena emzimbeni, ebangela ukufa.

Ukuba ukuziphatha ezamkelekileyo kuluntu okanye inkolo, yaye kwenzeka phantsi kweemeko ezifanelekileyo, mayingabi sakhululwa une nokuphazamiseka yayiyazi ngengqondo. Unyango ngokulandelana, phantsi kweemeko ezinjalo iyafuneka.

ekuxilongweni

Ukwenzela ukufumanisa i disorder ngengqondo GP kuyimfuneko ukuqhuba incoko isigulane kwaye ujonge impilo jikelele, ngaphandle kwezinye izinto ezibangela iimpawu ezifanayo. Amaninzi ukuvelisa igazi kunye nomongo Uhlalutyo (umzekelo, MRI) ukuthintela umonakalo ukuba ingqondo likhoboka.

Ukuba isizathu sokuba le yokuziphatha ofunyenweyo, isigulane kufuneka ibhekiswe kwengqondo moshilongo phambili ukuqinisekisa ukuba uyenziwa lo mntu yokugula ngengqondo.

unyango

Kaninzi ngenxa unyango ukuphazamiseka ngengqondo usebenzisa indibanisela amayeza kunye nonyango lwengqondo.

Njengoko iingcali medicament neuroleptics okanye antipsychotics Nedlac badla amisiweyo, olusebenzayo isiqabu iimpawu ixhala ezifana iimfeketho zokufeketha, nemibono, kunye imbono egqwethekileyo leyinene. Ezi ziquka: "aripiprazole," "Asenapine," "Brekspiprazol", "clozapine" njalo-njalo.

Amanye amachiza ziyafumaneka ngohlobo iipilisi kufuneka zithathwe yonke imihla, abanye - ngokohlobo lwezitofu, zanele ukubeka amaxesha elinye okanye amabini ngenyanga.

Unyango iquka iintlobo ezahlukeneyo icebiso. Kuxhomekeka kwiimpawu ubuntu yomguli kunye nendlela inzuzo sifo ngengqondo, umntu, iqela okanye unyango ntsapho yabelwe.

Uninzi lwabantu nokuphazamiseka ngengqondo na unyango zezigulana, oko kukuthi, bangabi rhoqo kwindawo yonyango. Kodwa ngamanye amaxesha, ukuba ngaba uneempawu kakhulu, umngcipheko ebangela umonakalo wena nabantu obathandayo, okanye ukuba isigulane akakwazi ukuthatha unonophelo ngokwakhe, wenza nokulaliswa esibhedlele.

unyango ma ngasinye nomonde kuphazamiseka ngengqondo ukuze baphendule ngokwahlukileyo kuthomalaliso. inkqubela umntu buqapheleke ukususela kwimini yokuqala, umntu uya kuthabatha iinyanga zonyango. Ngamanye amaxesha, xa kukho iziqephu ezininzi ezinzima, kusenokufuneka uthathe amayeza rhoqo. Ngokuqhelekileyo kwezi iimeko unikwe idosi ubuncinane ukuthintela iziphumo ezibi kunokwenzeka.

akakwazi ukuthintela iingxaki ngengqondo. Kodwa ngokukhawuleza afune uncedo, kokukhona kuya kuba ngayo.

Abantu abasemngciphekweni omkhulu onokugula okunjalo, ezifana abo izalamane abakhulu schizophrenics kufuneka bakuphephe utywala kunye naziphi na iziyobisi.