Gilyarovskiy Vladimir Alekseevich: engobomi, imisebenzi kunye namanqaku anika umdla

Gilyarovskiy Vladimir Alekseevich - imbongi, umbhali kunye intatheli. Umntu owaba banentsomi ngexesha lokudla kwakhe ubomi. Iziganeko ukususela ngobomi yale ubuntu ungaqhelekanga ziboniswa imisebenzi ezaziwayo-kakuhle. Gilyarovskiy Vladimir Alekseevich ngokufanelekileyo kugqalwa ezaziwa uhlobo memoirs.

biography

Ukuze uqonde ukuba lo mbhali, kufuneka ufunde incwadi yakhe. Ubomi izele adventures emangalisayo, iziganeko kunye imigqaliselo, ichazwa imisebenzi "neyokudinga wam," "eMoscow Muscovites". Gilyarovskiy Vladimir Alekseevich, phambi kokuba nikela kuye ubuntatheli, waya kwizixeko ezininzi, na okusebenzileyo Burlacu, kunye nomsebenzi, kunye umalusi, nesoldati, kwaye omdlali. Eli nqaku libonisa ezinye iinyani ezinika umdla ukusuka ngobomi Gilyarovskogo, leyo wathi kuyo imisebenzi yakhe. Kodwa kufuneka kuqala masifumane imihla ezibalulekileyo ebomini.

Gilyarovskiy Vladimir Alekseevich wazalwa ngo-1855 e-Vologda. Waqala ukubhala isihobe kunye amaxesha yakhe ephakamileyo-school. Xa ezilishumi elinesithandathu, wabaleka wemka ekhaya, wahamba ukusuka Kostroma ukuya Rybinsk. Giljarovsky wakhonza eCaucasus ngexesha lemfazwe Russian-Turkish. I batshintsha yobuchwepheshe eziliqela. Wafika eMoscow ngo-1881, apho benza umsebenzi wokubhala.

Ngowe-1935, emva kokuba ekupaseni elide, eqaqambileyo, ngendlela engaqhelekanga wafa Gilyarovskiy Vladimir Alekseevich. Iincwadi lo mbhali:

1. "Abantu ukusuka."
2. "Ekhaya Gogol."
3. "Neyokudinga zam."
4. "EMoscow Muscovites".
5. "Abahlobo kunye neentlanganiso".

Gilyarovskiy Vladimir Alekseevich, engobomi sayo siboniswe a kwimbali yobomi iprozi ezibangel '- umbhali, ogama wanikwa ezitratweni e Moscow, Vologda kunye Tambov. Umbhali kunye nentatheli wangcwatyelwa Novodevichy emangcwabeni.

uyisekazi Gil

Ngoko ke ndithe nizizihlobo zombhali kunye noogxa. Gilyarovskiy Vladimir Alekseevich balihlutha amandla inkululeko kunye nokukhuthala obungaqhelekanga. Kulo mzekelo, indoda bebalelwe ekubeni nobubele kakhulu kwaye kwakha nobuhlobo. Umnyango wakhe evulekile ngamaxesha onke. Babetyelele zahazhivali bakhe yaseChekhov Tolstoy, Kuprin kunye namanye amanani amaninzi zoncwadi. Giljarovsky waba kakhulu inkangeleko ezimibalabala. Naye, mna wabhala enye Cossacks Repin kwaye wabaza ngemfano Taras Bulba Andreev.

Giljarovsky eyaziwa namhlanje ngenxa iincwadi ezinikelwe ubomi eMoscow "bottom". Abahlali Khitrovka kunye neminye imimandla ukungathembeki omthandayo umntu amandla zobugorha nobubele olukhulu. Ngenkulungwane yeshumi elinesithoba ixesha, kwakungekho Muscovite, ngubani ubengamvanga malunga uMalume Gil. Akumangalisi, lo mntu wamkelekile njengoko soirées, kunye namasela 'emiqolombeni Tishinka badlale. "Ukumkani neentatheli," waba nomdla ephilayo kwikomkhulu. Umbhali yakha yathi: "Kulula ukucinga eMoscow ngaphandle Bell uKumkani kunokuba ngaphandle Gilyarovskogo.

ebuntwaneni

Kunye nenkcazelo yeminyaka yokuqala umbhali iqala ethi "neyokudinga yam." Gilyarovskiy Vladimir Alekseevich wayengunyana ka igosa lezomthetho. Kungekudala reporter elizayo ezilahlekileyo unina wakhe. Vladimir Umama wayemthanda unyana wakhe. Ngomnyaka wokuqala ndaqalisa ukufundisa ulwimi isiFrentshi kwaye indodana ukuba agonye kuye ngendlela yehlabathi. Vladimir ngoxa wayekuthanda ukufunda, kodwa izazinzulu zikhetha isekisi, ukuloba zonke iintlobo adventures. Amaxesha amaninzi yesikolo bonwabile yashiyeka ngonyaka wesibini. A ezincinane ezikhulayo, wenza Giljarovsky wabaleka kude nekhaya.

Burlak

Kwaye Giljarovsky oselula waqhubeka "ebantwini". Wayefuna kakubi udibanise boatmen. Nekrasov izibongo komeleza umnqweno ukuze ezingaqhelekanga. Kuloo minyaka, eRashiya amawakawaka abantu zibethe ikholera. Kungenxa bhubhane Gilyarovsky ngakwazi abe boatmen. Abacimimlilo amsa kwindawo womsebenzi ongasekhoyo.

Kwincwadi yakhe ethi "neyokudinga My" Giljarovsky ichaza ubomi boatmen, ziyahlelwa abantu wadibana naye endleleni. Memoirist wanikela ingqalelo ekhethekileyo kubantu isimo lukhuni, kwaye babizwa ngokuba umphefumlo ebanzi Russian. In "neyokudinga yam," umzekelo, uthi ibali yonke yomrhwebi odumileyo ngaloo minyaka, nto leyo umhlambi emva ukusela utywala ebinomthetheli yabo nqanawa ekharejini ndaze waqalisa kuzizisa, sizama ukuba nantoni na kwaba yogqithe umkhombe, yiya kwi nesiqingatha seyure ngaphambili. Kwakunokwenzeka ukuba akusoloko kunjalo. Kodwa uhlanga mad ngokuqinisekileyo sabangcangcazelisa abakhweli.

Le ndoda Giljarovsky weva okokuqala ngexesha ukubuya ekhaya. Kwiminyaka kamva, kwincwadi yakhe "eMoscow Muscovites", akazange ndiwuhlutha ingqalelo yakhe yoncwadi iqela labarhwebi ome lwenqila kunye nabameli bamanye imisebenzi.

eCaucasus

Ngowe-1877 Giljarovsky waya bazinikele eCaucasus. Yena alwa ngesibindi, umbhali. Lowo wamkela George Cross - ibhaso obunqabileyo wanobungangamsha. Malunga neminyaka emkhosini ke kamva wakhumbula ngokuphindaphindiweyo ngeqhayiya. Nangona, bexesha watshoyo, George Cross loxolo baphathe enxibe.

ubuntatheli

Emva kwamabutho Giljarovsky waya eMoscow, apho kungekudala yaziwa ngokuba umbhali amanqaku mlonyeni. Ekuhambeni kwakhe, yena rhoqo ukwenza imizobo ezincinane, kamva yaba imisebenzi epheleleyo-enobugcisa zoncwadi. Kwiminyaka nje embalwa kwakufuneka Gilyarovsky ukuze ube yincutshe kubahlali yokuziphatha ezinkulu yakhe. yokuthandwa kwayo lukhula kunye namava zombhali. ukuqokelelwa "Abantu ukusuka 'yapapashwa ngowe-1887.

yamaciko

Giljarovsky kancinane eyaziwa ngokuba umbhali lwemibongo. Imibongo yakhe iprozi kakhulu ophantsi. Kodwa ekuqaleni leMfazwe yokuQala yeHlabathi, yena yapapashwa ingqokelela eziliqela, yomrhumo apho ezidluliselwa inkxaso ye Gorha Fund walimala.

Phakathi abahlobo Vladimir Gilyarovskogo baba amagcisa ezininzi zombini abanamava kunye basandula kuqalisa ukuzisebenzisa. Uyayamkela bathenga imizobo abaculi angaziwa, waza emva koko wawabhala kubo inqaku. Ngaloo ndlela Giljarovsky inkxaso ngamagcisa aselula, ngemali nje kuphela, kodwa yokuziphatha. Emva nokuthengela imizobo yaqhayisa omaziyo yokufumana, egxininisa ukuba umbhali ngokuqinisekileyo uya odumileyo. Njengomgaqo, Giljarovsky phutha.

Incwadi yokugqibela

Kumaxesha Soviet, nentatheli waqhubeka umsebenzi wakhe zoncwadi. iincwadi zakhe soze sekukudala ezishelfini. Umsebenzi yokugqibela - "Abahlobo kunye neentlanganiso" - Giljarovsky wabhala kunyaka ophelileyo wobomi. Xa wayeneminyaka eli phantse eyimfama.

Iincwadi ngu Vladimir Gilyarovskogo kunye ezithandwayo namhlanje. "EMoscow Muscovites '- umsebenzi leyo kufuneka ufunde ukuba wonke umntu onomdla kwinkcubeko Russian kunye ikomkhulu zenkulungwane yeshumi elinesithoba emva kwexesha.