Ukunyusa ipapillae ngolwimi: inkcazo, iintlobo, izizathu zokuvuvukala neendlela zokonyango

Ulwimi lunye lwezitho zobuzwe obuthile. Ukongezelela, uthatha inxaxheba ekudalweni kwentetho, inceda ukuvakalisa iimvakalelo, kwaye iyisilathisi sezinye izifo zegazi kunye nesondlo sesisu.

Isakhiwo soLwimi

Ulwimi lomntu lwenziwa ngumzimba osisigxina, ogqithwe ngeembrane. I-anatomically ihlukanisa igalelo kwiingxenye ezimbini ezingalinganiyo: ingcambu (1/3) kunye nomzimba (2/3), ezahlukana ngendawo yokugcina. Umphezulu wolwimi olujongene nesilonda ubizwa ngokuba ngumqolo. Ikwahlula ngesigxina ngomsele we-sagittal (ukuhlangana kwamacandelo amabini e-organ). Kwinqanaba elingaphantsi kukho umda weelwimi, ehlanganiswe nakwicala lomlomo.

Abanye abantu banempumpo eyimpumputhe kwiintlangano zemigodi yesigxina kunye ne-sagittal. Yakhiwe ngenxa yokuhlasela kwe-shield-lingual traction, eyayiyi-embryonic rudiment ye-thyroid gland.

Imisebenzi

Ulwimi lwenza imisebenzi eninzi kakhulu:
- Ukufuna nokugwinya;
- intetho;
- ukujonga ingcamango kunye nokulawulwa kwe-salivation.

Kwizinja, eli lungu lisaqhuba ukufudumala, kuba kungenxa yokuphela kokusebenza kwomswakama (okanye i-saliva). Oku kubangelwa kukuba kwizilwanyana ezigutyungwe ngeboya obukhulu, akunakwenzeka ukukhupha amanzi kwiindawo ezithile zomzimba.

Amakati asebenzisa ulwimi ngolwenjongo yokucoceka. Bazihlamba kunye neenkunzi zabo, kwaye ngamanye amaxesha inkosi yabo, ukuba ikhona. Ukongezelela, ulwimi lwekati luhluke kwisakhiwo. Kwinqanaba lalo ma-tubercles amancinci, avumela ezi zilwanyana ukuba zihlule inyama kumathambo.

Papillae ngolwimi

Iingcambu eziphambili kwimizi yesibini yeelwimi kunye neplastiki ye-epithelial yakha iindawo eziphakanyisiweyo - ipapillae. Kukho iintlobo ezintlanu zeengcamango zengcamango ngolwimi:
- intambo;
- conical;
- ifomil
- gutters;
- iifani ezinemihlathi.

Ngamnye kubo unokuxelelwa ngokubanzi:

1. I-papillae papillae (i-papillae filiformes) ngolwimi oluninzi. Zolula emaphethweni olimi nangaphambili, zibe nobude obude kunexesha elingemuva. Ngokwemvelo, i-papilla yinkqutyana ye-mucosa, ehlanganiswe ne-epithelium engabonakaliyo (oku kubanika umbala omhlophe). La ma-papillae ayifaki ukunambitha kokutya, ayithinte kuphela kwaye ayibambe emlonyeni wabo.
2. I-papicale papillae (i-papillae conicae) ngolwimi ifakwe kwi-filamentary kwaye ifana nayo, kokubili kwisakhiwo kunye nomsebenzi. Zineentlungu kunye namaqondo okushisa. Zenzelwe ukucwangciswa komatshini wokutya.
3. I-papillae yamathandathu ngolwimi i-mushroom-shape (papillae fungiformes) . Zijikelezwe, zifana neengubo ezimhlophe, kuba zihlanganiswe ne-multilayer epithelium. Ukukhupha umzimba weelwimi, kodwa ungahlanganisani phakathi kwinqanaba. Inani labo linokufikelela kumaqhekeza ayi-1000. Kwisiphelo sepilisi kunemibala emininzi yamanqatha (amabini ukuya kweleshumi elinesihlanu), ebonayo i-sweet.
4. I-papillae (i-papillae vallatae) ifumanekile kwingcambu kwaye i-morphologically ifaka i-papilla ngokwayo, i-cushion kunye ne-glands. Inani labo lincinci, kodwa libona ukuthanda izinto.
5. Ipapillae yamagqabi (i-papillae foliatae) ngolwimi iphantsi kwee-palatine. Ziyi-oval shape kwaye zinyusa ngendlela yamaphecana (ngoko ke igama). Ekujuleni kwamaphephancwadi kukho i-receptors ezibona ukunambitheka okumuncu.

Iimbangela zokuvuvukala kweepilesi zolwimi

Ukuvuvukala kwamaphepha encwadi ngolwimi oluqhelekileyo lubizwa ngokuthi "tippoo". Oku kuyinto eqhelekileyo, ngokukodwa kubantwana kunye nabantu abanentlonelo. Okokuqala ukudonsa izinto ezingcolileyo emlonyeni, kwaye okwesibini, ukuze ukwazi ukujamelana neemvakalelo, kuyadingeka ukuba ujike ikhefu kwipeneni okanye ipencil, okanye ezinye izinto zokubhala ezingafani nangobungqina. Esi sifo sihamba kunye neempawu ezingathandekiyo. Phakathi kwazo:
- papillae ekhulisiweyo ngolwimi;
Ukuvakalelwa komzimba wangaphandle;
- Ukuvutha nokukhathazeka kwengxaki;
- Ubuhlungu xa uthintela, uthetha, uhlafuna.

Izizathu zokuvuvukala zizinto ezininzi. Amachiza kunye nokushisa kwe-thermal, isifo se-reflux se-gastroesophageal (GERD), ukulimala ngenxa yokubuyisela iifomese, ukucoca amazinyo, ubukho bentambo kunye namazinyo. Indima ebalulekileyo idlalwe zizifo ezithathelwanayo zentsholongwane ye-bacterial, viral or fungal.

Glossitis

Ukuba unayo i-papillae evuvukileyo ngolwimi, kodwa kungenokuba yinto engekho yingozi. Kukhona i-theirlevanie, njenge-glossitis. Ikhula ngenxa yexinzelelo okanye intsholongwane, kunye nokubonakaliswa kokungaphumeleli kwe-vitamin kunye nokungaziphathi kakuhle kwisakhiwo seelwimi.

Kwimeko nayiphi na into, ukuba kukho i-papillae evulekileyo kulwimi kwimeko yeklinikhi, izibangela zesifo zingenza umatshini (iilwimi zolwimi, umlomo womlomo ngokubanzi), iikhemikhali (ezitshisa i-alkalis kunye ne-acids, i-nicotine, utywala, iziqholo), ngokomzimba (ukutya okutshisa okanye okubandayo) , Kunye ne-allergenic (ukuphendulela kumacandelo okutshulwa kwamathambo, ukuhlaziywa kwesigidi somlomo). Phakathi kwezifo zesistim ehamba kunye ne-glossitis, ukungabi nenye i-iron anemia, plan plan, i-aphthosis, i-syphilis kunye nabanye abaninzi.

Iimpawu ze-glossitis

Kukho iintlobo ezahlukeneyo ze-glossitis, kodwa eziqhelekileyo kuzo zonke ziimpawu ezilandelayo:
- utshintshe umbala kunye nesakhiwo seseburhulumenteni;
- ukwandiswa ngobukhulu;
- ubukho bokuhlaselwa ngolwimi;
- iingxaki ngokutya okufuna ukutshaya, ukugwinya, intetho;
Ukutsha.

Kwizonyango, i-glossitis ejulile iyahlukileyo xa inkqubo yokuvuvukala ikhona kwi-thickness of musual language in the form of abscess or phlegmon. Nge-glossitis ye-phlegmonous, umlomo womlomo ubandakanyeka kwinkqubo ye-pathological , kunye ne-fiber yentamo.

I-glossitis engaphezulu ikhupha i-membrane yolwimi. I-Catarrhal glossitis ihamba kunye ne-edema yolwimi, ukungahambi kakuhle, ukuvutha komlilo kunye nokuxhamla okukhulu.

Ulcerous glossitis ibonakala ngokubonakala kwebala elimnyama okanye elimnyama, emva kokususwa kwelo lihlala liphezulu. Ezi zigulane, njengomthetho, zinevumba elimnandi emlonyeni.

I-glossitis ye-quamative ibonakala njengophawu lweengxaki ezinzulu zomzimba. I-glossitis ene-Folded ne-rhomboid i-anomalies ye-congenital kwaye ayibangeli nayiphi na impawu. I-Gunther's glossitis iyimpawu zokuqala ze-anemia. Kubonakaliswa ngokutshisa kwintsimi yolwimi kunye nokupenda kwimibala ebomvu.

Ukuxilongwa kwe-glossitis

Ukuba unokrokra ukuba i-papillae ngolwimi luvuthayo, ke le ndlela yindlela ngqo kumathambo wamazinyo. Uphonononga umlomo womlomo kwaye, ukuba kunokwenzeka, uya kuchonga imbangela yale nzeka. Kungenzeka ukuba uhambo alukhawulelanga ugqirha. Kungenzeka ukuba ugqirha wamazinyo uyakukuthumela kumgqirha okanye kwi-gastroenterologist.

Kwimeko nayiphi na into, ukuxilongwa ngokuchanekileyo kuya kubakho ukuthatha uvavanyo lwegazi, thabatha i-flush ukusuka kulwimi kwaye uqhuba zonke iimvavanyo zelabhoratri eziyimfuneko ukuze ungaphuthelwa into ebalulekileyo.

Unyango lwe-glossitis

Xa ukuxilongwa kucacile, kufuneka uqale nge-etiotropic, unyango, ukuphelisa isizathu. Oku kunokunyangwa kwesifo esisisigxina, unyango lwe-antibiotiki, iziyobisi ezichasayo nezigulisi-mzimba. Njengomthetho, ukususa ukuvuvukala nokunciphisa intlungu ye-corticosteroids, kodwa ayikwazi ukumiselwa ngokuzimeleyo, kuba baneziphumo ezibi kakhulu.

Ukunyanzeliswa kwemithi ngomlomo ngokubanzi, kunye nolwimi ngokukodwa, ukuhlambulula i-furacilin, i-manganese okanye i-chlorhexidine iyacetyiswa. Ukunciphisa intlungu, i-anesthetics yendawo, njenge-lidocaine, ifanelekile. Kwiimeko eziphambili, unyango olungagqirha lunokufuneka.