Ukucacisa nondiliseko ethile ngodongwe eyandisiweyo

ngodongwe eYandisiweyo - izixhobo zokufudumeza isambuku. Ingaba okulula, amaso misindo okanye ngodongwe elinyukayo fusible, imbongi ithatha ekhuselekileyo esingqongileyo nekhuselekileyo impilo yabantu kunye nokusingqongileyo.

production

Zokuvala ukuba siphumelele, zandiswa ukuxinana lodongwe kufuneka elincinci. Kuyenzeka ukuba ukufikelela ngokuthi ugwebu udongwe. Oku kwenzeka phezu chain elihambisayo kumzi-mveliso:

1. Ufakelo ezizodwa fusible udongwe ufakwa usengxakini enamandla thermal. Ngaloo ndlela, a porosity eliphezulu eziphathekayo.

2. Ngokubhekele phaya, granules ekrwada aneentunja zanyibilika, aphuma amalanga ngaphandle - njengoko ukuphumeza amandla aphezulu nengqibelelo kuyimfuneko ukuxhathisa ukufuma kunye nokusingqongileyo silwe amaso enganyangekiyo medium.

iimpawu Technical ngodongwe eyandisiweyo zixhomekeke ngqo ukuchaneka neenkqubo zokuvelisa: a ukunxaxha imilinganiselo lemveliso kungabangela porosity elanele yengxinano, ubu usambathisa.

izakhiwo

Njengazo naziphi na izinto zokwakha, udongwe yandiswa unesethi ezithile iimpawu evumela ukuba uyilo lezinto sisephantsi kolwakhiwo. Ezi ziquka:

• Ukuxinana Bulk kongomeke.
• Water ukumelana nokufuma.
• amandla brand.
• conductivity emhlabeni.
• ukumelana uFrost.

Ukuxinana ziludongwe eyandisiweyo - i parameter zaseprayimari, nto leyo ebonisa zonke ezinye amaxabiso. Eli gama kuthetha umlinganiselo yokunikana kwimveliso umthamo.

Ubunzulu real kunye ezithile

Weight pellet sithethe izinto ezininzi, ingakumbi ezisongwayo thermal kunye nokusebenza umbandela.

Ukuxinana ngodongwe eyandisiweyo, kwakunye naziphi na izinto ezithile ukuze ziyinyaniso ezithile (bulk). Ezi iparameters ziyadlelana ixhomekeka indlela lwemveliso ngezixhobo - owomileyo, zimanzi, iplastiki kunye nomgubo-zeplastiki. indlela nganye ubuchwepheshe yayo ugwebu ekrwada leyo yeyona iphambili ekumiseleni ixabiso ubunzima.

Ukuxinana ethile ngodongwe eyandisiweyo - enye yeempawu ezibalulekileyo eziphathekayo. Ibonisa umlinganiselo ubunzima ubungakanani ekhethiweyo ngezixhobo umthamo wayo. Ekubeni keramzit - yokugquma isambuku kunye nesakhiwo aneentunja, imilo iibhola nonconstant, izikhewu nomoya therebetween langoku. Ngako oko, kuba umthamo elinye izinto ezithile (bulk) mninzi ziya kwahluka.

Ukuxinana lokwenyaniso ngodongwe eyandisiweyo (ngakumbi ezibizwa - volume) ugqibe phantsi elebhu okanye iimeko mveliso kwaye ibonisa ubunzima ubunzima izinto kuqukaniswa ngaphandle izikhewu moya.

Weight lwamaqhezu

Zokuvala yahlulwe ngokwamaqela ngokobungakanani kwanokuxinana udongwe eyandisiweyo granul.Fraktsiya eguqulweyo ngokubaxwa i enxulumene ngokomlinganiselo - elincane amaso, kungona umlinganiselo yokunikana umthamo:

Kukho omnye Ukuhlelwa, nto leyo enika GOST 9757-90. Ngokutsho kuxwebhu, ibloko eziphathekayo yahlulahlulwe kumabanga ngokungqinelana lexinene eziphathekayo. Yakhe luchazwa yileta M elandelwa ixabiso lenani le loxinano oluphezulu kudidi: M250 ubunzima 250 kg / ^m-3, ngakumbi ukuze M600: M300, M350, M400, M450, M500.

Umlinganiselo wendlela eziqhuba

ingxinano Bulk ngodongwe eyandisiweyo kuhlangene kunye neminye imiba ebalulekileyo - ukufuma kunye conductivity nobushushu. Olu phawu lisoloko kuthathelwa ingqalelo xa kukhethwa usambathisa thermal of imigangatho, iisilingi kunye neendonga a eziphathekayo.

Ukwazi ixabiso eqhelekileyo loxinano isambuku kunye iqhezu nodongwe eyandisiweyo, sikwazi nesiqulatho sokufuma. Ukuba iphezulu kunase wavumela granules misindo kufuneka ome phambi zipakishwe zokwakha. GOST 9757-90 "grabile, ilitye otyunyuziweyo nesanti zokufakelwa aneentunja" awenzi ngaphezu kwe-2% ukufuma kwemfuneko. Ngako oko, xa zalishumi keramzita ithathele ingqalelo ubunzima amanzi kuyo, ngoko ke sisuswe.

Umlinganiselo conductivity thermal ukuba mninzi ngokuqhelekileyo, kodwa kwenzeka. Njengoko yaziwa ukusuka kwikharityhulam ikhosi physics, inowuthi ixabiso ngobuninzi-to-volume ratio, kubi umbandela uqhuba ubushushu. Lo mgaqo usebenza nokuwanqika udongwe eyandisiweyo. I kunakuqala oko, kubi igcina ubushushu. Xa kusetyenziswa izinto ezinjalo kufuneka ukubala ngenyameko ixabiso elifunekayo umaleko ukwenzela ukuba ulwakhiwo akuthethi ngumkhenkce kwaye kuqhutywa umoya opholileyo.

ezinye iinkcukacha

bekukubi ngqo aluchaphazeli abaseleyo yokusebenza, kodwa kuyimfuneko ukuthetha ngayo.

Iyahlala eyandisiweyo granules ngodongwe abafundi kwibakala yemveliso xa lesibini kwinqanaba - reflowing. ubukhulu kwayo emiselwe uvavanyo kwelabhoratri ucinezelo of granules akwitankana lokugcina. Kufuneka kuqatshelwe ukuba ndlela unalo ethile ebalulekileyo: amandla kulinganiswa ixhomekeke imilo okuziinkozo kunye nokusasazwa pores apho. Ukuze ufumane ulwazi oluthembekileyo kakhulu, ivavanywa ukuya iibhola-10 ukusuka kwimveliso enye ibhetshi eziphathekayo. Haydite amandla ezinombala ngaphakathi 0.3 ... 6.0 MN / m ^2, oko luphawu elungileyo, ngoko zokufunda zingongezelelwa nanjengokuba lokufaka injalo.

Le conductivity thermal ze ubuninzi zokwambathisa izinto yi-avareji 0.08 ... 0.12 W / m * K, nto leyo amaxesha 8-10 esiphakamileyo ipleyiti izifudumezi zemveli on. Kunjalo, isicelo izixhobo ukubona nokumangala ubukhulu obaneleyo esibekwa ubushushu.

UFrost ukumelana ngodongwe eyandisiweyo kufuneka babe imijikelo ezipheleleyo ubuncinane 15. Izakhiwo ngaphandle (iindonga, nakwiisilingi kumgangatho wokuqala), uyacebiswa ukuba ukhethe ukuya kwimijikelo 50.

Amanzi ukufakwa kwi yokugquma wenza kakuhle phantse zero ngenxa yengxinano ye zezindlu ngenxa ukuphinda-sintering i zithutha. Ukuba amanzi ukufunxwa granules, le nto uza kuyeka umsebenzi kwaye uya kuqalisa ukuwa. Ngoko GOST 9757-90 acacisa isinyuko ubuninzi 10-25% ngokobunzima kuxhomekeka ubukhulu umaleko.

Ukuba athobele zonke izalathisi zobugcisa kolawulo lwabo kwisigaba yemveliso. Emva ohambisa yokugquma kufuneka zigcinwe kwiimeko eziphantsi ukufuma ngaphandle iimpembelelo ezongezelelweyo yokubhubha kokusingqongileyo. Kuyimfuneko ukuba ukunika imiyalelo iidiphozithi ezivaliweyo hangars.

ngodongwe eYandisiweyo akoyiki sande, iimpuku kunye nezinye izitshabalalisi zebhayoloji, ngenxa yokuba ukusetyenziswa kwayo ikhuselekile ngokupheleleyo izakhiwo ezivaliweyo.