Okuye kwabethelelwa eziphathekayo inconco eziphathekayo ulonyathela: inkcazo, iimpawu, kunye nomlinganiselo GOST

Namhlanje, bonke waqhelana kwaqinisa kwisigaba eziphathekayo, akunjalo kungekudala kwixesha elidlulileyo, zaba ezintsha wokwenene kwicandelo lokwakha. Iindibaniso sikhokelo eziphathekayo kunye nentsimbi wenza kube lula ukwenza udibaniso ixesha elide yaye yanyamezela yahlala ithuba elide nokuba ibango eliphezulu namhlanje.

izinto enemisebenzi

Kuba iindawo ezinabantu abaninzi, ngamanyathelo efanelekileyo eziphathekayo. Bona Awuveli osecaleni iitshiphusi, iintanda, imikrwelo, wachuba iindawo izithende. Kwakhona, ukuba ngaba okhohlisayo yi iziganeko esesibhakabhakeni ezifana nomoya, imvula nekhephu. Lo moya swi ukufunxa ubumdaka namanzi, ngokulula ndahlamba. Kukho eziphathekayo phantse kuyo yonke indawo, enkosi kwiintlobo zobungakanani, ufakelo lula elide. ikhonkrithi Standard olawula sigaba ngokuxhomekeke kwicandelo zazo eziphambili. Kwaye ke ixhaphakileyo GOST 8717.1-84 eqongeni.

Ngokufuthi, ngokuba imveliso eziphathekayo ngumxube enzima, ukukhanya kunye eziphathekayo silicate. Iimveliso ziveliswa phantse anihlasele yaye yenzelwe ukuba isetyenziswe kwiqondo lobushushu ukuya ku 40 ° C. Ukuba uyakwazi ukumelana nemijikelo 300 yovalo, ukubonakala kunye nesakhiwo kuhlala phantse ingatshintshwanga. Yiyo loo nto izinto eziphathekayo wazuza zethala kumazwe amaninzi ukuba inguqu imimandla kunye nokwakhiwa kwezakhiwo.

ubukho bokusetyenziswa

Amanyathelo anyathele eziphathekayo ingasetyenziswa ujije kunye ngobuwena noMlondolozi, lifumene kwi Ngokwesiseko monolithic okanye kosour. Zinelungelo iqela loyilo, ngoko kukho amathuba ukutshintshwa lula enye okanye izigaba ezininzi.

Le ezingaphakathi iza kakuhle jonga imveliso endlwini yaxobuka kunye nesakhiwo kunye imigangatho ezininzi. amanyathelo Used eziphathekayo ukuze izinyuko nakwizikhewu tight. Ibandla lingaba naliphi na ubukhulu, ububanzi nokuphakama. Kodwa yinye ezinyukweni kufuneka babe izinto ubuncinane 15.

iintlobo

Ngophanya nje lweliso, kusenokubonakala ngathi ukuba amanyathelo zonke ngokufanayo, kodwa zahlulwe iintlobo:

1. Inqanaba ifascia elisezantsi. Le yinkalo yokungena phakathi izinyuko kunye umgangatho kwinqanaba ezantsi. Ukususela awafani eziphambili kuphela bubukho console ezizodwa apho ngesibopheleli lwenziwa phezu slab.
2. Ifascia kwinqanaba eliphezulu. Eyenza imisebenzi efanayo njengoko ezantsi, kwaye ibekwe phakathi ngaphezulu leri eqongeni.
3. sigaba Main - isetyenziselwa na izinyuko.
4. Ploshchadochnyj wesampula. Iluphawu inyathelo okhethekileyo, emva kokufakwa engundoqo. Kujongwe ukuba imithwalo elifutshane.

Iindidi zemveliso eziphathekayo ezidweliswe ngasentla, ukufumana izicelo zabo kwi umphandle kanti ngayo imisebenzi langaphakathi. Kwanaphezu nokwehla zinevaranda ezincinane kufuneka ube kumgangatho ifascia, faka kunye isitshixo. Ngaloo isakhiwo Ungasa yonke imithwalo.

Amanqaku ukuba ukwenziwa

Ukudala kwisigaba eziphathekayo, sebenzisa iintlobo ezahlukeneyo umthombo impahla:

• eziphathekayo Silicate. It is a ongenabuyambo mihla kokwakhiwa izinto zedolophu. Its indlela nokuveliswa wokuxuba dust ezifana nesanti, ikalika atshiswayo kunye nomhlaba nesanti zwi emhlabeni. Umbandela, kuxhomekeke excipients ezisetyenziswayo ukuze zeselula, sredneplotnym kunye ashinyeneyo. Yena wayedla ukudala reference nemàbhula axhasayo.
• uhlobo ezincinane eziphathekayo. Yena kwi candelo efana elirhabaxa kwaye yenziwe kwezimbiwa aneentunja kunye fillers organic. Oku arbolit, vermiculite kunye nabanye. igama lakhe ke ezifunyenwe ngeendleko lwesakhiwo lwangaphakathi nakwamanye amazwe. Ukubunjwa ichaphazela zombini imbonakalo kunye neempawu ze-mveliso. Olu hlobo iye amandla aphezulu, nangona isakhiwo non-uniform.
• eziphathekayo enzima. Nguye ethandwa kakhulu. Yizalise ngokusekelwe izicelo ekwabelwana amancinci. Yenziwe zegrabile, isanti kunye zwi. Iimveliso kuphumela sele isetyenziswe imisebenzi ngwenya, ngaphakathi komhlaba. Oko kuveliswa njengento ezimeleyo kunye luhambo olusinga ikheshi monolithic.

ukubonakala

Kukho imilinganiselo kunye neemfuneko ukuya parameters ngamanyathelo ukubonakala kwazo. Ngoko ke, lo imveliso icala kufuneka nakanjani abekho nokuba ezizodwa uncamathiselo loop ukwenza ufakelo handrail. Le esezantsi yi umngxunya ukulungisa nokulungiswa amanyathelo. Izixhobo eveze zisetyenziswa ukudibanisa kosoura kunye ngezinyuko. ingqalelo ekhethekileyo ihlawulwa kuqondana nezamazembe inqwanqwa kunye kosoura.

RC-ezahlulwe isakhiwo ngasekunene ephaca kunye elinxele. Ukufumana amalungu eqwalasele ukuba zokubambelela exhomekeke kule parameter. Kufuneka kuqatshelwe engile phambili. Okunyuka nge lwehla eweni esetyenziselwa ekuhleni ukusuka eliphezulu okanye everanda. Kulo mzekelo, imbonakalo ayibalulekanga kunye eziphathekayo amanyathelo ngokwabo kufuneka ubukhulu ukuya kwi-17 cm ngobude. Kanye efakwe, badla zenziwe iipleyiti zesinyithi kunye nezinto zokuhombisa. Kwaye, ngenxa kubanyulwa ngononophelo zijonge mhlawumbi inguqu leri kakhulu ezingabonakaliyo.

Amanyathelo eziphathekayo azifani kunye neempawu bangaphandle. Baya kuza umgangatho, wenziwe ngezinto enzima-umsebenzi. Ukuba uthathe njengesiseko le silicate okanye lula ukhetho thina, nzima iza kusetyenziswa njengoko umaleko ongaphezulu. Ngamana kubakho phezu kwamanzi ukutyabeka zokufakelwa ezingqondweni.

kosour kuyilo kunokuba zombini ngaphandle kwaye ngaphakathi kwisakhiwo. Imbonakalo yokwehla emxinwa ukuya kumgangatho ongaphantsi okanye ileli encinane ecocekileyo akayi ezonakalisa ufakelo lwesamente kunye amanyathelo eziphathekayo. zobukhulu mveliso lunokwahluka, kuxhomekeke kweminqweno ngumthengi, kodwa eyenziweyo ngokubanzi eqongeni, ukuphakama leyo 33 mm Ububanzi - 150 mm, kwaye ubude - 1050 mm.

design ngaphandle

Kuba ubuciko eyodwa ichaza uyilo esetyenziswa ngokubanzi cauliflower emihle. Ngenxa kule oko kungenzeka imikhwa fashion kunye namandla lwesamente. Ngaphezu koko, amanyathelo ukwenza handrail okanye ngaphandle (ukunika lula ukwakhiwa). Kodwa nonyeliso nangoku akuyomfuneko ukuba sinikezele, ukwandisa ukhuseleko. Kwaye xa akunakwenzeka ukuba ukuzifaka inkxaso udonga enqwenelekayo.

isithunzi

amanyathelo eziphathekayo zezona esingcono. Baye phantse akukho kuneengxaki. Kufuneka kuqatshelwe eziluncedo zazo ziphambili:

1. Usizo. Ukuba ileli na uhlobo ahloniphekayo zizimvi ayifaneleki, ibe ngokufulelwa lenyengane, clinker kunye iithayile.
2. Strength. Akukho umonakalo xa ngakumbi imithwalo imihla ngemihla, nezinto uyakwazi ukumelana nayiphi inkqonkqoze kunye umonakalo.
3. Nsimbi. Ngaba kusetyenziswa kuzo zonke izakhiwo, nokuba yinto townhouse, indlu yokuhlala, moya, isikhululo sikaloliwe, esikolweni okanye esibhedlele.
4. Kwalo. izinyuko eziphathekayo ngaphandle ukuma ngenxa iitshiphusi neentanda ubuncinane iminyaka elishumi.