Le nkcazelo bulk (intlabathi, uhlalutye): yokwenziwa nokuthengiswa

izinto bulk Non-ebuntsimbi amacandelo kubalulekile kwishishini lokwakha. Sand, ilitye usityumze ezisetyenziswa xa kusenziwa ebambekayo luqiniswe nezakhiwo eziphathekayo, mortars. Ezi zibonelelo zisetyenziswa unyango emhlabeni, izicwangciso, imisebenzi yolwabiwo. Xa indlela yokwakha isetyenziswa roadbed underlayment umaleko. Ezinye iintlobo zegrabile zisetyenziselwa Enye into esinceda sisulungeke ndawo zombili.

Iintlobo zegrabile kunye nesanti

Zonke izinto zokwakha evakalala zihlelwe ngokwemimiselo ezininzi:

• imvelaphi;
• physico-mechanical kwiipropati (Ukuxinana, uqinile, ukumelana abandayo, amanani amanzi);
• amise kwaye abe nobukhulu beenkozo;
• inqanaba imisebe, ubukho ukungcola eziphilayo nezingaphiliyo.

Nature imvelaphi gravel kuxhomekeke izinto yokuqala. Ukwahlula inkunkuma evela ematyeni, amaqhekeza nsimbi, nto leyo eyenziwe ngezinto kwakhona metallurgical lesibini ezifunyenwe ngokukhanywa lwenkunkuma yokwakha (eziphathekayo, izitena). Physico-mechanical iimpawu inkunkuma baxhomekeke ngqo kwi nesixhobo imvelaphi yayo. Le nkcazelo kakhulu ethandwa, ezo zisekelwe ematyeni amandla aphezulu - ukumelana ubugqwetha nentshabalalo ngezenzo ngoomatshini. ubukhulu Grain igrabile yahlulwe ngeentlobo ezininzi: abayekayo (5 mm), eliphakathi (5-25 mm) kunye enkulu (25-40 mm).

Sand imvelaphi zahlulwe zibe yendalo neyenziweyo. Natural izinto free ongatshiyo evela kuphuhliso zentlabathi okanye isanti kunye needipozithi luhlalu. Kuxhomekeka ukwenzeka ukwahlula elwandle, umlambo okanye isanti intaba. Ezi ntlobo zimbini zokuqala iinkozo ajikelezayo ngakumbi nesiqulatho ngaphantsi kwe ubumdaka xa kuthelekiswa zeemathiriyeli iikwari misela. Isanti yahlulwe zithutha ezinkulu, aphakathi kunye yayimfutshane ngesithomo.

Ukuveliswa Isanti zendalo

Ukuveliswa izinto isambuku ezingezo-ebuntsimbi yendalo ibandakanya izigaba ezininzi:

• imigodi;
• processing kunye nolungiso (xa kuyimfuneko);
• indawo yokubeka.

Phantse zonke iintlobo zezinto sesambuku ukuba kwenziwe yi indlela evulekileyo. Isanti ambelwe geni ukumbiwa okanye Oogandaganda. Xa imveliso intlabathi ntaba, ngenxa isixa esikhulu ukungcola kunye granules nobukhulu ezahlukeneyo, oko kufuna nokusebenzisa processing kunye ifidi olongezelelweyo. Le nkqubo iqulathe kwisiko nokulungisa lo mbandela. Kuba ukuveliswa iqhezu sincinane ezisetyenziswayo xa kwenziwa imveliso zokwakha imixube ngokusekelwe isamente, entlabathini kunokwenzeka lokugaya ezongezelelweyo roller isityumzi. Isanti Natural ibhekisela kwizinto ezithandwa caking, kunjalo ngexesha imveliso yawo idla ngokusetyenziswa hopper ukuba izinto isambuku - isixhobo ngohlobo kukho iphiramidi thumbanails zocaphulo ngokubamba nokuhambisa izinto ezithile.

River intlabathi geni hydro ndlela okugcina amanzi. Uvele kunye iimpompo hydraulic ampontshwa izinto ukusuka ezantsi esemlanjeni yokulahla yam ngamanzi elunxwemeni. Amanzi aphuma emva emlanjeni, intlabathi uhlala kule mfumba. Ngezansi ekhasa kakhulu umphezulu esetyenziswa Ukongezelela emele ikheshi.

Ukuveliswa Isanti sokwenziwa

Indawo esikuyo iidipozithi zesanti zendalo ngokulinganayo, nto leyo enokukhokelela ukuswela lo mbandela kwezinye iingingqi. Ukuveliswa kwentlabathi ngumntu ovumela kakhulu ukusombulula le ngxaki ngokuthi sibonelele iimfuno eziyimfuneko. izinto ezithile ezingezizo eziveliswa ngokukhanywa amatye nzima kunye neminye imithombo izinto ekrwada. Kuxhomekeka ngemvelaphi zokufunda zezi ntlobo zilandelayo wesanti eyenziweyo:

• Ekhathazekile. Used in sisincoko emuncu kunye nokuhombisa. Iveliswe ngu emarmore atsho, diabase, abangelwe okanye slags ashinyeneyo metallurgical.
• Isanti Light, organic kunye nezingaphiliyo. Le nkcazelo bulk lufumaneka elirhabaxa, scoria, tuff, ezolimo kunye nenkunkuma iinkuni.
• olunentlabathi ngentlenga - isiphumo esivikivayo yilimestone.
• Ukwandiswa intlabathi lodongwe afunyenwe rocks ityumza keramzite - thermally zokwambathisa eziphathekayo, a lokufaka ngenxa ngekhonkrithi ezilula kunye nodaka.
• Isanti amazwe evela zeBlack.

imveliso samatye emphefumlweni

okubonakalayo ekuveliseni ilitye bamoya eveliswe enkwalini emidala ematyeni ezahlukeneyo. Kuxhomekeka kwiimpawu yedipozithi kunye iliwa geni esikhethwe indlela yophuhliso ndawo. Kuba ingakumbi rock onzima owenziwe ukuqhumisa lokuqala. Amaqula pre-eweva yoyalo ilele. Kukuqhushumba iliwa waphula laziinyama ezifunyenwe kuqhubekeko oluphambili.

Le nkcazelo eluhlaza acatshulwe anikiwe ngokugaya oluqhutywa yeendidi ezahlukeneyo crushers (incwadi esongwayo, crushers umhlathi, impembelelo, cone). Ukukhethwa technics wenziwa kuxhomekeke kudidi imveliso yokugqibela. Emva ngokukhanywa, ukulungele amaqhekeza uza yokuhlela. Indlela izinto lokuhlolwa yahlulwe amaqhezu ngokobungakanani okuziinkozo. Ukufakela a ukusefa ezinkulu ezininzi kunye nasezimfanteni ngobubanzi ezahlukeneyo. Iqhezu sincinane ipasisa onke amanqanaba screens, ngeniswa sump. Inkqubo yokulungisa kwi iqhezu ilitye otyunyuziweyo ukuze wahlamba ukususa ukungcola zodongwe.

Eyona engundoqo Iintlobo zeengxondorha zegrabile

Kukho iqela enkulu kangangoko kwezi zinto, kodwa phakathi kwabo kakhulu zifunwa oku kulandelayo:

• Igranite - kwale moto uninzi oluthe imvelaphi ukubona. Oku kusekelwe - zwi, mica kunye feldspar. Imibala zixhaphakileyo - ebomvu, ezipinki, izimvi. Ngenxa yemvelaphi yayo, ukhetho le nto, ingqalelo ekhethekileyo kufuneka anikwe iziqinisekiso yemisebe. Ngenxa iipropati emzimbeni mechanical, le ndlela ithandwayo kuyo ngasese.
• Luhlalu. Isiseko sale emaweni rock eziphathekayo. Khupha le hlobo yimiwewe ngeendlela ezimbini - ityumza rocks (zegrabile otyunyuziweyo) kunye nokuhlolwa lomlambo okanye umhlaba ulwandle (uhlalutye ajikelezayo). Ngomhla amandla lenyengane na enasilela kakhulu kodwa zitshiphu radiation ephantsi imvelaphi.
• Quartzite. Le nkcazelo bulk kwingxelo zwi rock. Amandla ayikho ngaphantsi lenyengane, kodwa radiation encinane imvelaphi. Ngenxa isakhiwo kunye nomtsalane imibala yokuqala ethandwa kakhulu ubuciko.
• Lekalika. Iveliswe ngokukhanywa rocks ludaka. Kwi amandla obuphantsi kuzo zonke ezinye iintlobo kobutyobo. Isiseko dolomite kunye lime. umahluko Elilungileyo - ngexabiso eliphantsi.

Iindawo isicelo izinto emikhulu

Uluhlu lwezicelo zemathiriyeli ezingezo-ebuntsimbi bulk ezinkulu kakhulu, eziquka phantse zonke izigaba zokwakha kunye enesidingo kwezinye iintlobo zomsebenzi:

• Ukulungiswa ngekhonkrithi of yemiyinge ezahlukeneyo.
• Ukuveliswa izinto eziphathekayo.
• ukwakhiwa Road.
• Isixhobo iziporo, moya.
• Sobuciko.
• Imfuyo.
• Izixhobo layer yokhuselo kwi imiphezulu indlela aqumbe.

Uthutho izinto emikhulu

Ukuthutha izinto ezinkulu ngololiwe (umgama elide), indlela nothutho umlambo. Kuba izithuthi kaloliwe iimoto pondola ifanelekileyo, iilori, izkulahla iimoto - iinqwelo eziZodwa open ukubhobhoza oluzenzekelayo ngokuthi wumbe. Kuba nokuthuthwa zesanti yokulahla kwendlela zegrabile izigadla kakhulu ezifanelekileyo. Ukusiwa izinto ezinkulu amaphenyane komlambo - engambi kwendlela yothutho, kodwa liyimfuneko kuphela kwimeko indawo yamanzi osenyongweni. Xa buyo akukhuthazwa endleleni eya kwindawo yonikezelo kuthungwa ezi zinto kwezinye izithuthi ukuze siphephe ukulahleka.

Ukugcinwa kunye nokuthengiswa

Emva gesi kunye, ukuba kuyimfuneko, isanti igrabile ukuzityebisa ngendlela apho ubona umboleki athunyelwe yokugcina. uhlobo ngalunye kunye nokwakheka iqhezu umbandela bulk igcinwe yodwa. iindawo zokugcina kufuneka zibe mpuluswa, kufuneka bangabi ukuqokelela amanzi emvula. Ukuba kuyimfuneko, wenze ukhuseleko olongezelelweyo komhlaba. Ebusika, izinto lususiwe qhwa.

Lunikezelo izinto ezingezizo ebuntsimbi ukusuka zokugcina kaninzi endleleni. Ezi nketho ezi amashishini amakhulu kunye imigca zesebe labucala. Khona ukuthunyelwa ekhuselekileyo lula zezibonelelo kwindawo yokugcina umboleki zokugqibela exhotyiswe iindlela zokufikelela lula. Ngokuqhelekileyo lahlela unilateral ring kwezithuthi. Kuba lula ekulayisheni kunye nokuthintela caking wesisele basebenzisa izinto ezinkulu. Ukukhanyisa ezingezizo inikiwe ebusuku.