Ukubaluleka kwendawo yokuhlala kunye nabantwana: amaxwebhu

Ukunciphisa - inkqubo yokudlulisa isakhiwo kwizandla zangasese, ezibandakanya ukubhaliswa kobunikazi. Ukubaluleka kwendawo yokuhlala kunye nabantwana abangaphantsi kweyona yinkqubo eyinkimbinkimbi, kunye nenani elikhethekileyo kunye nemibala. Ngokuqhelekileyo, ubunzima buvela ngenxa yokungazi imithetho yemithetho enxulumene nale nkqubo, kuba inkqubo iyafuna ukuthotyelwa ngokucacileyo kubo.

Isiseko somthetho

Igama elithi "ubucala" lithetha ukutshintshwa kwabemi bepropati abahlala kuyo. Ngexesha elifanayo, ekuqaleni indlu ingabakho bobunini bomasipala noomasipala.

Ngokuhambelana nomthetho "Kwi-Privatization ...", eyamkelwa ngo-1991, bonke abathathi-nxaxheba kwinkqubo bazenza ukuzihlawula ngokuzimeleyo zonke iindleko ezifunekayo ezihambelana nayo. Nangona kunjalo, ngenxa yokuba le nto ayinayo nayiphi na ulwazi malunga namalungelo kwabantwana, ngo-1994 kwagqitywa ukuba kuqaliswe ezinye izilungiso kuMthetho we-Federal oza kubonelela abantwana ithuba lokuthatha inxaxheba kwimfihlo.

Iindidi zonyaka

Bonke abancinci bahlula kwiinqununu ezimbini eziphambili: owokuqala-ukusuka kwi-0 ukuya kwe-14, okwesibini-ngokulandelanayo ukusuka ngo-14 kuya kwe-18. Umahluko phakathi kwezi zigaba kuphela ukuba abo bangaphambili abakwazi ukuzimela ngokuzimeleyo, oko kukuthi, eli lungelo linikezelwa ngabazali babo okanye Abagadi abafanayo. Ezi zilandelayo zikhawulelwe kumalungelo, kuba isigqibo sabo kufuneka sivunyelwane nabameli bezomthetho. Emva kokubhengezwa kwezindlu, umncinci, kungakhathaliseki ukuba udidi luni, uba ngumnini.

Imiba yokufumana isihloko kwiindawo zokuhlala

Kwinkqubo yobuncwane, ngokuqinisekileyo bonke abaqeshi bezindlu, kuquka nabantwana, bathatha inxaxheba. Ukubaluleka kwendawo yokuhlala kunye nabantwana abaneminyaka engaphantsi kwe-18 kunokwenziwa kuphela ngokuhambelana nomthetho wangoku. Oku kuthatha ingqalelo imbono yabantwana besigaba sesibini seminyaka - ukusuka kwiminyaka eyi-14 ukuya kwe-18. Ukuba kukho ukuphulwa kwamalungelo omnye wabathathi-nxaxheba abasemncinci, isivumelwano sebhengezo singabonakali okanye sithathwa nje singavumelekile.

Izibango zokubambisa ezibandakanya abancinci

Ukuze ufumane ubume bezindlu kunye nabantwana abangaphantsi kweminyaka, abazali bangaya kwiqhinga elilandelayo: ukubhala umntwana wakho kwizihlobo. Nangona kunjalo, umntwana kufuneka abe nobunikazi bendawo enye yokuhlala, apho angayifumana khona emva koko.

Xa kwenzeka ukuba izindlu ezifihliweyo kunye nabantwana ziphunyezwa, abaphathi bamagcino kufuneka babone ubungqina bokuba iimeko zokuhlala kubantwana kwihostela entsha ziya kuba ngcono. Phakathi kwezinye izinto, indawo yendawo entsha ephambili kufuneka ibe mkhulu okanye ubuncinane ilingana nengaphambili. Ngaphandle koko, ukuthengiselana akuyi kwenzeka. Nangona kunjalo, njengakwezinye iindawo, kukho ukungafani, kwaye zibandakanya ukuba idibaniso elinjalo lingaqhubeka, kodwa kuphela phantsi kweemeko ezithile. Umzekelo, ukuba imali ifuneka ngokukhawuleza kwonyango lomntwana okanye ukuvuselelwa emva kokusebenza nzima. Ukuba iibhodi zeBhodi yeTrasti kwiimeko ezinjalo ziyahlukana, ngoko isigqibo salo mbandela sihlanganiswa. Xa kuzalwa umntwana osandul 'ukuzalwa, kwaye ubuncwane bendlu sele sele buyenziwe, abuyi kuba ngumnikazi wendawo yokuhlala, kodwa ufumana imvume yokuhlala.

Amalungelo abantu abancinci

Abazali nabalondolozi abanelungelo lokukhuphela abantwana kwiinkqubo zobuncwane. Ukubaluleka kwezindlu, ukuba umntwana ubhalisiwe, uthatha ukuba emva kokuba umntwana eba ngumnini wexabiso leyayimpahla. Nangona ibhaliswe kwidilesi eyahlukileyo, ilungelo lokubhalisa izindlu kwipropati lihlala kuye.

Ukuba umntwana ungasiphi na isizathu esinqatshelwe abazali bakhe, indawo yokuhlala idluliselwa kwisakhiwo sayo. Kwaye zonke iindleko zokubhaliswa kwamaxwebhu afanelekileyo kweli phepha zinikezelwa kumabhunga olawulo lwengingqi. Isiqinisekiso sokuqinisekisa ukudluliselwa kwamalungelo obunini kufuneka sikhutshwe zingangeenyanga ezintathu.

Ukuthatha inxaxheba kwabantwana kwiindawo ezizimeleyo

Umntwana omncinci obhalisiwe kwigumbi nguye othatha inxaxheba ngokuthe ngqo kwinkqubo yobuncwane. Ngako oko, akakwazi ukuyeka ubunini benxalenye yendlu. Nangona abantu abadala bekunikwa ukhetho, okokuba, ukuba kuyimfuneko, banako ukungafuni ukufumana inxalenye yezindlu. Ngokumalunga nezilungiso zomthetho "Kwi-Privatization ...", zonke iintengiso ezenziwa ngaphandle kokuba kuthatyathwe inxaxheba kwabantwana kubonakala kungavumelekile. Kukwafanelekile ukuba kuqaphele ukuba ngoku kukho ithuba lokungabonakali ngokuzenzekelayo izindlu kumntwana. Kodwa mhlawumbi oku kunikezelwa ukuba abanye abathathi-nxaxheba kwi-privatization baya kunika izabelo zabo zomthetho ngokuphathelele encinci. Kwaye baya kukwenza ngokusemthethweni, beqaphela isigqibo sabo.

Iingeniso ezinokubakho abantwana ngexesha lokubambisa

Ngokuhambelana nomthetho weRussian Federation, umntu unokuthatha inxaxheba kwinkqubo yobuntu kuphela. Nangona kunjalo, ukuba inkqubo yaqhutyelwa ngethuba apho umntu wayesemncinci, umyalelo uvumela ukuthatha inxaxheba ngokuphindaphindiweyo kwiminyaka eyi-18 njengomntu onokuzikhethela ngokuzimela. Kwakhona, kukho iinkqubo ezikhethekileyo kubantwana abanesizathu esithile abahlala ngaphandle kwabazali babo. Kule meko, zonke iindleko zezinto eziphathekayo ezihambelana nenkqubo zihlawulwa ngulawulo lwengingqi. Ukuba abantwana bashiywe ngaphandle kokunyamekelwa kwabazali, i-privatization yenziwa ngeenyanga ezi-3. Ukubaluleka kwendawo yokuhlala kunye nabantwana abangaphantsi kweminyaka eyi-14 kuqhutyelwa ngemvume yabalondolozi, abathabatha zonke izigqibo ezifunekayo kunye namaphepha amaphepha. Kwaye abamele isigaba sesibini - ukususela kwiminyaka eyi-14 ukuya kwe-18-bathathe inxaxheba kwimisebenzi yokuzimela ngokuzimeleyo, kodwa nangemvume yabaphathi bamagcini.

Ukubaluleka kwendawo yokuhlala kunye nabantwana: amaxwebhu

Ukuqala inkqubo yobucala, kuyafuneka ukuba iqokelele iphakheji epheleleyo yamaphepha, equka:

• Ingxelo evela kubo bonke abathathi-nxaxheba
• Ikhontrakthi yoluntu yengqesho ,
• Iifotoko zeepaspoti,
• Izatifikethi zokuzalwa (kubantwana abangaphantsi kweminyaka eyi-14 ubudala) ziya kufuneka;
• Imvume esemthethweni yabaphathi bamagada,
• Iipasipoti zezobuchwephesha kunye nobugcisa,
• Ukubhekisela okanye ukukhishwa kwincwadi yekhaya ,
• Amaphepha eqinisekisa ukuba inxaxheba kwiinkqubo zobuncwane ayengakaze yenziwe,
• Imiqulu eqinisekisa ukungabikho ngokupheleleyo kwamatyala kwiintlawulo zomsebenzi,
• Imvume eqinisekisiweyo ye-Notarially evela kubantu abanqwenela ukwenqaba ukuthatha inxaxheba kwimfihlo,
• Amandla egqwetha xa emela iimfuno zabameli abancinci, eziqinisekisiweyo ngumbhalisi.

Ukuba umntwana oneminyaka engaphantsi kweminyaka eyi-14 ubudala, isicelo sisayinwe ngabameli bakhe bezomthetho. Ukuba indlu ifihliwe kunye nabantwana emva kweminyaka eyi-14 ubudala, umntwana ugcwalisa ifom yesicelo ngokwakhe.

Ngokukhawuleza emva kokuqokelela zonke izatifikethi kunye namaphepha, kufuneka usebenze ngokukhawuleza kwisebe likarhulumente wengingqi kwaye ufumane isivumelwano sezentengiso ezandleni zakho. Isivumelwano sihlaziywa kwaye sibhaliswe kunye noRosreestr. Emva kokuqwalasela, umnini unikwa isatifikethi.

Ubuqili beenkqubo zokubambisa ezibandakanya abancinci

Kwinkqubo yobhengezo, abathathi-nxaxheba kuya kufuneka baqwalasele ezinye zezinto eziqhenqileyo:

1. Ngokuqinisekileyo zonke iintengiso zokuthengiswa nokuthengwa kwezindlu ezizimeleyo zivunyelwe kuphela ngemvume yabaphathi bokugcinwa.
2. Ukuququzelela inkqubo yobuncwane, i-extract of a child is allowed. Nangona kunjalo, oku kwenziwa phantsi kwimeko yokuba unelungelo lobunikazi kwenye indawo yokuhlala okanye uhlala kwindawo apho emva koko eli lungelo angayifumana.
3. Ukuba izindlu ezizimeleyo ziza kuthengiswa, kuya kufuneka ukuba kufuneke ukuba zibonakalise kwi-arhenteti arhente ukuba ukuthengiswa kwenziwa kwintlalo yencinci. Oko kukuthi, ukuphucula imeko yokuphila okanye ukufumana imali yokonyango komntwana.
4. Ukubaluleka kwendawo yokuhlala kunye nabantwana, okwenzeka ngaphambi kowe-1994, banokubhenwa ngabantu abakulo xesha babe ngabantwana kwaye babethwa kwiluhlu lwabathathi-nxaxheba ngokungemthetho.
5. Kwimeko yokuzalwa komntwana emva kokubhengezwa kwezindlu, akukho sabelo sidlulela kubunini bakhe, kodwa kuphela imvume yokuhlala ikhishwa.

Iindleko zokubhaliswa kwamashishini

Ukubaluleka kwendawo yokuhlala yendawo encinci eyenziwa ngexabiso lohlahlo lwabiwo-mali, ukuba ngaba lo mntu nguye kuphela umnini wezindlu. Kwimeko yokuthatha inxaxheba kokulingana, iindleko ziya kuba zifana nakwabantu abadala.

Imigango

Ekubonweni kokuqala, kunokubonakala ngathi, kumbono wezomthetho, imbambano yokubaluleka kwendawo yokuhlala kunye nabantwana abangaphantsi kweminyaka ihlaziywe. Ubungqina bezobugqwetha bubonisa okuchaseneyo. Ngonyaka, inani elikhulu lamatyala atyhulwa kubemi abangenelisekanga kwinkqubo. Ininzi yamabango ihambelana nokuqatshelwa kokungasebenzi kwemigaqo yobuncwane. Ummiselo wemingcele yale ntsebenzo yiminyaka eyi-10. Nangona kunjalo, iimfuno malunga nokukhuselwa kwamalungelo aphulwa ngabantwana zingagqitywa ngaphandle kweli xesha. Ngokuqhelekileyo kukho iimeko xa umntu omdala ephikisana nenkqubo yokubambisa i-privatization inkqubo eyayibanjwe ngaphambi kokuzalwa kwakhe kwe-18, kodwa ukwaneliswa kwamabango aphikisiwe.

Ngaloo ndlela, ubume bendawo yezindlu kunye nabantwana abangaphantsi kweyona nkqubo yinkqubo eyinkimbinkimbi, ngeendlela ezininzi kunye nobuqili. Abazali okanye abagcini bamele bahambisane ngqo nomthetho okhoyo. Umntwana omncinci, kunye nabantu abadala, unelungelo lokufumana isabelo kwipropati.