Root. Iintlobo kwiingcambu zezityalo kunye nemisebenzi yazo

izityalo Higher ahluka ukusuka angezantsi ngenxa yomzimba ngokucacileyo amalungu ngokwahlukeneyo. Zihlelwe kakhulu, ube nzima amalungiselelo ukuqhuba iinkqubo kunye namalaphu. ngeyantlukwano yabo akukho mda.

Ukuziqhelanisa kweemeko ezahlukeneyo kwiindawo ezisingqongileyo, kwanyanzeleka ukuba zenze isakhiwo engaqhelekanga kubume bayo. Tshintsha, aphucule aze iguqule iinxalenye ezithile omzimba, ukuba bafumane ithuba elingcono waphila obutofotofo. Uninzi konke oku kubonakala kwiingcambu zezityalo.

Amalungu zezityalo eziphezulu

Bonke bephela zingahlulwa zibe ngamaqela amabini:

• emhlabeni;
• komhlaba.

I wokuqala kufuneka iquke isiqu, igqabi, intyatyambo kunye neziqhamo. Okwesibini - inkqubo iingcambu kunye nazo zonke izinto zawo enqila. Xa uqala kuqala, ngempazamo acinge ukuba abo kancinane, ngokuba ingcambu. amalungu lwezityalo isakhiwo umbutho ngokwanelisayo esimbaxa, ngoko ke lula yangaphandle liyakhohlisa. Oku kusebenza kuzo zonke iindawo zaloo omzimba.

Komhlaba Authority iingcambu: iintlobo zengcambu

iingcambu zesityalo inokuba nomahluko zombini ngombala kunye imilo, ubude, eyayizalwa. Xa zizonke, kukho iintlobo ezintathu ezingundoqo iintlobo zengcambu. Chaza iintlobo ezingcanjini zilandelayo.

1. OyiNtloko. Le yengundoqo i axis kwiingcambu, eshiya komhlaba zinzulu. Ngokuqhelekileyo, oko liyajiya abanye kunye elide. Iingcambu zayo zithathwa ingcambu osandul. It zindlu umqhubi engundoqo kunye izowuni ofunxayo ngalo umbandela uthuthwa likhaba zesityalo, kwaye ukusuka ukwanda yokugqibela wonke umzimba.
2. Ezikhaphayo. Ezi izakhiwo ukwandisa ngqo ingcambu engundoqo nesibili egxalabeni le, ukwandisa ubunzima iyonke kwinkqubo yonke. umsebenzi yabo engundoqo, akumi kukufakwa izinto kunye nokugcinwa izityalo emhlabeni.
3. Side. Le miba - nonwele-ezifana iingcambu ezingcakacileyo unyenyisa ukusuka izakhiwo adnexal. ubukhulu sabo amaxesha omnye kuphela okanye ezimbini iimilimitha. Iintlobo ngeentlobo iingcambu ziyahluka ngobukhulu, kodwa Licala kwi sobunzima esilawulwa kwesi salathisi.

Ngoko, kuba iingcambu ezithile zezityalo ezisentlabathini iintlobo ezintathu, nto leyo yenze ngokubanzi indibaniselwano organic kwinkqubo yonke.

Iintlobo lweenkqubo ingcambu

Ziziphi iintlobo lweengcambu, siye safumanisa. Ngoku uhlala ukujongana nomba iinkqubo ezenziwa ngabo. Xa iyonke kukho iintlobo ezimbini eziphambili.

1. Intonga. Uphawu eklasini izityalo Monocotyledons (zengca, inyibiba, namasundu, njalo njalo). Eyona iphambili lokwahlula: i taproot lwaziwayo buthathaka - ngapha paranasal.
2. Ezinezikhondo. Uphawu iklasi izityalo dicotyledonous (Rosaceae, crucifers, imidumba, njalo njalo). Uphawu ukuba unalo ingcambu: Iintlobo iingcambu ivezwe ngokulinganayo. Akukho main ukususela eyayizalwa yayo ezikhaphayo kwaye osecaleni zokuyifihla, kwaye lenzeka isakhiwo nemixawuka, jikelele.

zininzi iindlela zeenkqubo iingcambu ayaziwa.

Imihlobo modified izakhiwo

Siye sajonga ziziphi iintlobo kweengcambu. Kodwa kukho kwakhona iifom zazo iguqulwe kancinane. Oko kukuthi, xa iingcambu eziphambili, osecaleni ezikhaphayo eziguqulelwe kwi ifomu eyahlukileyo kancinane, inceda izityalo ukuba ziziqhelanise iimeko ezahlukeneyo yokusingqongileyo.

Iindidi iingcambu modified zilandelayo:

• imifino iingcambu;
• amagwegwe eentsika;
• stilted;
• amatswele iingcambu;
• umoya;
• washington Root;
• Cyber;
• Roots-zedrama;
• uphefumlayo;
• Ngumtya-iingcambu.

Ngokuba ezinye iintlobo ashinyeneyo ngezikhundla, inguqu ezinye ziwuphose ngqo kwinkqubo ingcambu. Siqwalasela iinketho ezininzi umdla nezaziwayo.

iingcambu zayo

Izityalo kunye iingcambu emoyeni - kuba abemi ezi ndawo apho umhlaba ngowona uphantsi ukufuma neoksijini. Kunokuba abe phantsi okanye saline asidi ngokugqithiseleyo (obrak). Ngoko ke, abantu abanjalo likhankanya ukuba ioksijini ngokwaneleyo. Ukuze bokufaka ekhompyutheni ukukuqonda ukongeza, baye naphaya ngolu hlobo.

iingcambu zabo lateral bayavuswa ngaphezu komhlaba kunye ngale ndlela ukufunxa ukufuma neoksijini ngqo emoyeni ezingqonge. Khangela ngeengcambu isityalo modified yinto engaqhelekanga kakhulu, maxa wambi ezoyikisayo. Ukuba iingcambu ezonga abunjwe kakhulu umthi, ikhangeleka voluminous kakhulu zaziya kunye lasentsomini kancinane.

Kumaxesha amandulo, izityalo ezineempawu ezifanayo kubalelwa kwiipropati ezahlukeneyo zobugqi, ngokuba ayikhangakhangelayo eyimfihlakalo ngokwenene. Abameli zibandakanya ezi ndidi zilandelayo:

• orchid, kuquka houseplants nokuhombisa;
• Ezinye iintlobo zamakhiwane ;
• metrosideros;
• Jer imithi sayo ;
• creeper;
• Monstera kunye nabanye.

iingcambu stilted

Ngokucacileyo, inkxaso - lo msebenzi ungundoqo eyenziwa ingcambu. Iintlobo iingcambu ukuba kancincane ezithweni izakhiwo ezisisiseko nazo kusetyenziselwa le njongo. Omnye wemizekelo yoku iingcambu stilted. Bona abunjwe kwizityalo ezikhulayo:

• lodaka exineneyo viscous;
• wonxweme (bands) apho emanzini;
• kumhlaba wesanti.

Zibalulekile kakhulu, ngenxa yokuba ukukhula kwayo iqalisa ezigcweleyo. Ngale ndlela, umzimba luyomelezwa emhlabeni. Amaninzi waso zeCAPS kwaye elide stilted ukunika ngokubanzi uzinzo izityalo kunye nokukhuthaza lwenkohlakalo ashinyeneyo.

Imizekelo eziphilayo obubonakala ngokuba izakhiwo ezinjalo kungancitshiswa ngolu hlobo lulandelayo:

• umbona;
• mangroves;
• esundu;
• umthi Malay;
• ezinye iindidi imithi yesundu;
• uAvicenna;
• sp;
• Rhizophora;
• ukhokho kunye nabanye.

Ngokubanzi, izityalo kunye iingcambu ezifanayo na uhlobo lomzimba, ngokungathi simi phezu. Ngamanye amaxesha zikhangeleka intente, kwezinye iimeko unika nje umbono ndiyindla enamandla multi-amaninzi.

Roots-zedrama

Kukho izinto ezimangalisayo ezininzi esisixelela ukuba inzululwazi biology. Iindidi iingcambu ezinye izityalo ngqiqweni yaye ngokoqobo, kunzima ukucinga ngathi bayancokola zabo.

Umzekelo, kukho iintlobo ngeentlobo la maqumrhu, ezifana columnar okanye neengcambu-nezixhaso. injongo yazo - ukuqinisekisa isityalo nje inkxaso eyongezelelweyo kunye nozinzo, kodwa amandla umoya. Kanye emoyeni, ukuba nazo ziyakwazi ukulungisa ioksijini emoyeni evela emoyeni.

Ngoko ke, kubonakala ukuba alungise columnar - indibanisela lomoya kunye neengcambu stilted. Izityalo, obubonakala ngokuba yincwadi evuliweyo izakhiwo ezinjalo;

• ficus elastic;
• banyan;
• eminye imithi yimvula.

Iimpawu ukubunjwa inemvelaphi kukuba ukususela amasebe tye baya kuvela uze zikhule phantsi emhlabeni. Kokuba siyigqibile, iingcambu kunye zibe nenkxaso athembeke. Yaye ekubeni ngaphezu komhlaba, yaye umsebenzi yesibini - mpilo - yimpumelelo.

iingcambu

Olu tshintsho yaziwa bonke, kuba loo nto thina sikhula kwiindawo zokuhlala ezisezidolophini. Izityalo kunye nezakhiwo ezinjalo ingcambu kakhulu amanzi futhi okunesondlo. Iintlobo utshintsho iingcambu ezinjalo kungaba:

• amatswele;
• imifino ingcambu.

amatswele Root wambumba kweengcambu ezikhaphayo and lateral. Bandisa isixa esikhulu izondlo ovumela isityalo ukuba ukukhawulezisa utyani aze azive ekhuselekile ngakumbi iimeko xa ezingalunganga. Imizekelo yezityalo:

• artichoke;
• nasturtium;
• amazambane;
• artichoke;
• begonia;
• Caladium;
• diaskareya;
• lily nabanye.

imifuno iingcambu, nangona igama elithi "isiqhamo" kwi isihloko, kodwa ke ezi izidumbu abazalani. Oku izityalo taproot eqinileyo apho ukuqokelelela ubunzima enkulu kwezondlo, zombala, iivithamini kunye njalo njalo.

Imizekelo izityalo ezinjalo kakhulu ethandwa:

• celery;
• iminqathe;
• beetroot;
• parsley;
• chicory;
• isithombo;
• parsnip, kunye nabanye.

Ezi iinkcubeko ezinye izityalo ethandwa. Bona uqeqesho, ezisetyenziselwa ukulungiselela amayeza zilungiselelwa kwezi iivithamini.

Ntoni iingcambu zesityalo?

Impendulo yalo mbuzo sele ndikhulela ebudeni nqaku. Kuhleli kuphela ushwankathela khona kwaye iimeko onke ngasentla, ukwenza kube impendulo ecacileyo lo mbuzo: "? Ntoni ingcambu kwisityalo"

1. Anchor, okanye unyanzeliso.
2. Ukuphunyezwa ukufunxeka kunye nezothutho ngamanzi nezimbiwa kusitsha.
3. Ukulungiswa bakhonza ukutshixa nokulondoloza nezondlo.
4. Ingcambu ke yokuzala omzimba ngokukha.
5. Yeyona ukuyilwa weevithamini, iihomoni, zombala.
6. Root ongenela nama iintsholongwane, nezinye izinto.

iinguqulelo ezithile kweengcambu ezisetyenziswa izixhobo ezahlukeneyo olusebenzayo. Ngazo ngamagama xa kuqwalaselwa umzekelo ngamnye.