Ukusuka apho isantya komphunga ilulwelo oxhomekeke kwilungu na? Iimpawu eziphembelela iinkqubo

Thina ke sonke kakuhle-kwaziwa ukususela ebuntwaneni enye into embi ebomini. Ukuze ukupholisa neti eshushu, kuyimfuneko ukuba agalele kuvuthuza isosara abandayo gqolo phezu komhlaba yayo. Xa iminyaka emithandathu okanye esixhenxe ubudala, ikakhulukazi ucinge imithetho physics, yamkela nje njengoko enikwe, okanye, ukuba oko ukuthatha emzimbeni kuzo. Noko ke, ukufunda ukususela kwixesha lenzululwazi, sifumana i umdla elikuwo kufana kunye nobungqina engaguqukiyo, ngokuthe ngcembe eziguqukayo abantwana bethu ukuba uqikelelo omdala le theorem. Yinto efanayo kunye neti eshushu. Akukho namnye kuthi akazange baye bacinga ukuba le ndlela lungapholi sihlobene ngqo ngumphunga fluid.

inkqubo Physics

Ukuze uphendule lo mbuzo oko kugqiba isantya komphunga kulwelo, kuyimfuneko ukuba ukuqonda nokwakheka inkqubo ngokwayo. Ngumphunga - inkqubo yenguqu imo ukususela into engamanzi ukuya kwimo sukube of udibaniso. Ngaba idliwa nayiphi na into elulwelo, kuquka viscous kakhulu. Ngembonakalo, musa bathi hlobo zejeli-ezifana oluludaka siphulukane sobunzima wayo ngenxa ngumphunga, kodwa oku kwenzeka ntoni phantsi kweemeko ezithile. Umzimba eqinileyo nazo emoyeni kuphela inkqubo ebizwa sublimation.

njani

Ukuqalisa ukuqonda oko imisela izinga komphunga kulwelo, kufuneka uqale kwinto yokuba le yinkqubo endothermic, ngamanye inkqubo ngokugqithisela ukufunxeka ubushushu. Ubushushu of lenqanam lenguqu (ubushushu of ngumphunga) sithumele ieneji ukuya molecule mba, ukwandisa isantya kunye nokwandisa amathuba yokuzahlula zabo, buthathaka amandla ubambiswano eziphilayo. Abakreqayo, elowo impahla bulk, ezo molekyuli fastest zibhexeshwa ngaphandle kwemida yayo; kwaye izinto ulahlekelwa ubunzima bayo. Ngelo xesha asuswayo molekyuli ulwelo kweso ebilisiweyo, ukubonisa esekungcoleni kwesigaba inkqubo yenguqu kunye neziphumo zazo sele bayahamba kurhulumente sukube.

isicelo

Ukuqonda oko ebangela kuxhomekeke izinga komphunga kulwelo, kunokuba ngokukhalipha nokulawula iinkqubo ezenzekayo phezu kwabo. Umzekelo, i-conditioner umoya, ubushushu umzimba-evaporator, nto leyo amathumba lo refrigerant ukuthatha ubushushu ukusuka kwigumbi okupholisa okanye amanzi abilileyo kwimibhobho ibhoyila mveliso, apho ubushushu ikhutshelwa ukuya zokufudumeza kunye neemfuno zamanzi ashushu. Ukuzaliseka iimeko izinga komphunga ulwelo luxhomekeke, inika ithuba lokuyila esenziwa izixhobo zale mihla zobugcisa zobukhulu compact kunye kunye nolophu eliphezulu transfer ingumlingani.

lobushushu

olulwelo iyahlozinga kakhulu. Xa yethu yasemhlabeni n. y. (Le mbono "iimeko oluqhelekileyo", okt ezifanelekileyo ubomi babantu), udla namaxesha kwisigaba okuqinileyo okanye sukube. Yenzeka njani le nto? Ukusuka apho isantya komphunga ilulwelo oxhomekeke kwilungu na?

Isibaluli ephambili - oku, Kakade ke, lobushushu. Ngokuqina thina bubushushu ulwelo, amandla ngakumbi sithatha ukuba molecule iziyobisi, kokukhona izitropu emolekyuli esisiqhekezayo, kamsinyane kukho kwisigaba inkqubo yenguqu. Apotheosis azuzwe ngokuthe nucleate ukubila. Amanzi amathumba kwi-100 ° C kwi womoya. Umphezulu bembiza okanye, umzekelo, iketile apho abile, xa uqala ngokugqibeleleyo egudileyo. Xa ukwanda ezininzi kulo mfanekiso sibona iincopho engaphele ebukhali, njengoko ezintabeni. Ubushushu lisetyenziswa yechokoza ngalinye kwezi ntaba, yaye ngenxa ukudluliselwa ubushushu amanzi aphantsi komhlaba nangoko effervesce, ukwakha iqamza umoya, ezinyuka ziye kumphezulu, apho iwe. Kungenxa yoko le nto kusifikeleyo oku kuthiwa kwiqamza ukubila. Izinga komphunga amanzi kwi esiphezulu.

uxinzelelo

I parameter yesibini ezibalulekileyo apho izinga komphunga ulwelo kuxhomekeke - kolu xinzelelo. Ngokuthi kuncitshiswe uxinzelelo ngezantsi wamanzi uwabonisa uqala ukuba lubila kumaqondo obushushu asezantsi. Lo mgaqo isekelwe kumsebenzi cooker edumileyo uxinzelelo - iimbiza ezizodwa, apho kokuphuma, yaye amanzi abilayo esele 70-80 ° C. Ukwandisa uxinzelelo, phezu koko, kwandisa iqondo lobushushu ebila. Lo msebenzi osemqoka uluncedo isetyenziselwa ukubonelela amanzi ashushu evela mn kwi CTP, kunye ITP apho ukugcina amandla ubushushu transferred amanzi lusitsha ukuze lobushushu degrees 150-180, xa kuyimfuneko ukuvala amathuba effervescence yalo imibhobho.

nezinye izinto

makazichaze ngokunzulu ne lobushushu kumphezulu engamanzi ingaphezulu kwe iqondo lobushushu feed air umlambo, - yenye into apho kuxhomekeke izinga komphunga ulwelo. Imizekelo oku kususwa kubomi bemihla ngemihla. Ukuvuthela umphezulu ngumoya elwandle okanye umzekelo ngayo siye saqalisa siqendu sisifundileyo: kuvuthela neti eshushu agalelwa esosini. Ebanda phantsi ngenxa yokuba, ujonge izinto kobukhulu, molecule amandla esithathwe kunye nokuphola ngayo. Apha ungabona kwakhona ifuthe kwindawo komhlaba. Yeplastiki banzi kwisangqa, ngoko squaring wayo wehlile ushiye ubunzima amanzi.

Kwi umlinganiselo ngumphunga kuchatshazelwa yi uhlobo kulwelo ngokwayo; ezinye ulwelo emoyeni ngokukhawuleza, ngoxa abanye ngokucothayo. Nomphumela ebalulekileyo kwinkqubo kwamanzi kwaye inika umoya esingqongileyo. Xa isiqulatho esiphezulu sokufuma ingundoqo (umoya kufumile kakhulu, umzekelo, kufutshane elwandle) inkqubo ngumphunga iya kancinci.