Ubugcisa. 31 LC RF: Amalungelo kunye nemisebenzi yabemi abahlala kunye nomnini kwindawo yakhe yokuhlala

Ndiyabulela ubugcisa. I-LCD ye-RF ibonelela ngokucacileyo onke amalungelo afanelekileyo, imisebenzi, imisebenzi kunye nezinye iimpawu zokuhlala inani elikhulu labantu kwindawo ethile yokuhlala. Ngokuqhelekileyo, nje ngokusemthethweni kuseka ithuba lokuxoxisana nokuxazulula iingxabano zalo ngendlela efanelekileyo, kodwa, ukuba kuyimfuneko, inokuya enkundleni, apho, emva kokuqwalaselwa ngokucopheleleyo, ilungelo kunye netyala liya kugqitywa. Ngokuqhelekileyo, emva kwalokhu, ukuhlala kunye ndawonye kuya kuba mncinci, nangona, mhlawumbi, ngokunyaniseka ngakumbi kwimiba yemithetho. Kwiimeko ezininzi, le ndlela isetyenziswe kwiimeko apho ingxaki yesingxaki ayinakwenzeka ngokuzimela ngenxa yezizathu ezininzi ezifana nokuqhawula umtshato, ukuxabana okunzulu kwemingeni, iingxaki zemali kunye nokunye okunjalo, kungabonakali ukuvunyelwa kwelinye icala.

Yintoni elawula i-Article 31 ye-RF LC

Ubugcisa. 31 I-LCD RF ilawula inkqubo yobudlelwane obuvela phakathi komnini othe ngqo wendawo, kunye nabo bonke abantu abahlala khona. Kwaye ixhalabele amalungu omtshato kunye nabanye abaqeshi abanakho. Baneemisebenzi zabo, amalungelo kunye namathuba, okumele achazwe ngokwahlukileyo.

Izivumelwano zingaba neyiphi ifomu efumanekayo, ukuya kumlomo, kodwa ukuba oku kudla ngokufanelekileyo kubantu abasondeleyo, kuyacetyiswa ukugqiba kunye nomqeshi wesithathu isivumelwano esahlukileyo apho uthayibhala yonke into anokuyenza okanye ukuba yenze ntoni, zonke iimfuneko, iimeko kunye Elements. Kwezinye iimeko, oku kunceda ukuphumelela ngempumelelo impikiswano ekuthandeni umqeshi, kodwa ngokuphindaphindiweyo phantsi kobugcisa. Isenzo sovavanyo lwe-Rh ye-Rh ye-RF sinjalo ukuba amalungelo asengumnikazi.

Nangona kunjalo, ukuqonda ngokubanzi impawu yobudlelwano bobudlelwane ngexesha lokuhlalisana ngokufanelekileyo kukuchaphazela indlela yobomi kwaye kunokuthintela imeko eninzi engabonakaliyo engonakalisa kakhulu ubudlelwane kunye nobomi babo bonke abantu abahlala rhoqo kwigumbi elinye.

Inqaku 1. Ngubani obonwa njengelungu lentsapho

P. 1 Ubugcisa. I-LCD ye-LCD i-LCD ichaza isangqa sabantu abanokuthi baxhomekeke kwintsapho yomnini. Kwixesha elizayo, ukuqonda oku kuya kusenza sikwazi ukuhamba ngokuchanekileyo kwimigaqo ethile yomthetho. Ngoko, amalungu ekhethekileyo entsapho yile iqabane okanye iqabane, kunye nabantwana kunye nabazali bomnini. Umzekelo, umntwana wesiqingatha sesibini komnye umtshato akayiloluhlu, njengonina nonina.

Nangona kunjalo, naziphi na izalamane (ezikufutshane kunye ezikude) nezihlobo kunye nabanye abemi abanxulumene nomnikazi ngandlela enye okanye enye ingabonwa njengenxalenye yentsapho enkulu ukuba umnini uyavuma kwaye waqala ukuzinzisa phantsi kwesi simo. Ngokomzekelo, umama weqabane, ngokwecandelo 1 le-Art. I-LCD ye-31, ayiyi kufakwa kulolu hlobo. Nangona kunjalo, ukuba uhlala ngokusisigxina kwindawo yokuhlala yokuhlala kunye nemvume yakhe, ingabalelwa njengelinye lamalungu entsapho.

Kufuneka kuthathelwe ingqalelo ukuba into enokuthi yenziwe ngokumalunga nabahlobo abangafaniyo, abahlobo kunye nabantu abafanayo, kodwa umnini kufuneka aqiniseke ngabo, abahlali kufuneka banokuzithemba ngakumbi. Ngaphandle koko, kunokuba nzima, ingxaki okanye iimeko eziyingozi, ezifanele zikhutshwe, zisebenzisa ulwazi oluvela kwiRF LC st.1-31.

Inqaku 2. Amalungelo kunye nemisebenzi yamalungu entsapho

Eli candelo liyiphumo elidlulileyo, kuba libonisa oko amalungu omndeni anokukwenza okanye akakwazi ukwenza . Ngoko, ngokuhambelana neCandelo 2 loBugcisa. I-LCD ye-31, baye bafeza imisebenzi efanayo kunye namalungelo anelungelo lomnini, angasebenzisa yonke into ayisebenzisayo, ngaphandle kokuba ukhuseleko lwendawo kunye nokungabikho kwamanye amalungiselelo.

Oko kukuthi, umzekelo, abantwana bomnini banokufana naye. Ngelo xesha, kuboniswa ngokukhawuleza ukuba kunokwenzeka ukugqiba izivumelwano ezongezelelweyo, ezinokulawula ngokubanzi iinkcukacha zobomi bemihla ngemihla. Umzekelo obulula kakhulu umnqophiso womlomo phakathi kwabatshatileyo, ukuba unoxanduva lokucoca indlu, kwaye uhlamba izitya. Ngokwemvelo, oku kudlalwa ngokungaqhelekanga ngokuhambelana nayo yonke imigaqo ephepheni, kodwa nangengxoxo elula malunga nenkundla inokuba yanele ngokwaneleyo.

Kukho iinkalo ezahlukeneyo zobudlelwane, xa abantu, ngokusemthethweni bengamalungu entsapho efanayo, basemzini phakathi kwabo, lo mkhono. 31 I-LCD RF inikezela kwakhona. Kusenokuba sele ikhona imithetho yokusebenzisa iikhiyi, izindlu zangasese, ukuvinjelwa kokutyelela kwigumbi lomntu ngaphandle kobukho bakhe nokunye njalo. Kwiimeko ezinjalo, ukwenza iikontraka kwifomu yephepha akuqhelekanga, kuba wonke umntu uzijonga njengelungelo lokukhusela amalungelo akhe (akwenzeki ukuba akhunjulwe ngemisebenzi).

Inqaku 3. Amalungelo kunye nemisebenzi yamalungu entsapho angakwaziyo

Le nxalenye yomthetho ayinomusa kakhulu. Isiseko salo sisekubeni ukuba kungakhathaliseki ukuba umntu oyingxenye yentsapho iyakwazi ngokusemthethweni, inamalungelo afanayo kunye neembopheleleko njengazo naziphi na ezinye. Ngokubanzi, isisombululo esifanelekileyo, nangona kunjalo, sinike iseli esaneleyo yoluntu. Ukuba amalungelo alungile kwaye alungile, ke apha kukho imisebenzi ethile, ngokweSahluko 3 soBugcisa. I-LCs ezingama-31 zeRussian Federation, kufuneka zenziwe, zingenakufikeleleka kumntu ongekho nto. Njengomthetho, akukho mntu ufuna umntu okhubazekile ukuba enze ngendlela efanayo nomntu onempilo, kodwa enkundleni le ngongoma ayidlala indima ekhethekileyo.

Ngokuqhelekileyo, ngokusebenza, ukuvunyelwa okunye kuthathwa ingqalelo, kodwa kakhulu kuxhomekeke ngqo kumnini. Umzekelo wale nto unokuqwalaselwa njengomnye wabazali, ababeneminyaka yobudala obuhloniphekileyo abanakho ukuyenza nayiphi na imisebenzi yasekhaya okanye ubuncinane benze njalo njengoko kuyadingeka. Umnini oqhelekileyo uya kuvelana neengxaki kunye nenyaniso yokuba konke oku kuya kufuneka kwenziwe kuye. Kodwa abanye abanini abanakho, ngokubhekiselele kumthetho, baxhobise umntu ongenakukwazi ukwenza yonke imisebenzi, kungakhathaliseki ukuba unako okanye awukwazi.

P. 3 wezobugcisa. I-RF ye-RF ikwaqwalasela nokuba kungenzeka ukugqiba izivumelwano ezongezelelweyo ekuhanjisweni kwazo zonke iindawo ezikhoyo zabemi. Umzekelo, umntu okhubazekileyo unokukwenza ngaphezulu komsebenzi okhoyo kuye, kwaye ezinye ziza kusasazwa phakathi kwazo zonke iintsapho. Okokuthi, umkhulu lowo unokuhlala ehlamba izitya, kodwa akaze athathe inxaxheba ekucoceni indawo.

Inqaku 4. Amalungelo emva komtshato

Le yona nto ixutyushwa kakhulu kumthetho, kuba ilawula ubudlelwane bamaqela, oko ngenxa yeemeko ezithile, kuyeka ukuba yintsapho enye. Umzekelo obulula kakhulu ngumtshato wesibini. Kule meko, ngokubhekiselele kumhlathi 4 we-Art. I-LCD ezingama-31 ze-RF, ngoko umntu ongeyena inxalenye yale nqununu yoluntu, kodwa ngaphambili wayehlala kwindawo ephilileyo kunye nayo yonke intsapho, kwinqanaba, kufuneka ikhutshwe. Kodwa kukho ezininzi zokugcina.

Ngoko, ngokuvuma ngokubambisana, ngokuphindaphindiweyo-ebhaliweyo, umntu unokuqhubeka nokuhlala kwindawo efanayo njengaphambili. Oku akunakwenzeka, kuba amaninzi abesilisa abatshatileyo ababahlali kakuhle ukuze bazame ubuncinane ukuba baqulunqe ubomi obuninzi.

Kwimeko nayiphi na into, ukuba ilungu lentsapho alinako (ngokwezemali okanye ngenye indlela) ukuthenga indlu ehlukeneyo okanye ezinye izindlu, kunokufuna ukuba isigqibo senkundla singasuswa. Le ngxenye 4 yoBugcisa. I-LCD ye-RF iyaqwalasela. Ngokuqhelekileyo inexesha elithile eliqinisekileyo kwaye alinakulinganiswa. Kuqondwa ukuba ngexesha elichaziweyo umntu unokufumana ithuba lokuthenga i-real estate okanye ukuqeshisa ukuze asebenzise njengendawo yokuhlala. Ngokuqhelekileyo, oku kwenzeka kwiimeko apho umlingane ungumnikazi wendawo yokuhlala, kuba kungenjalo, ngokwemithetho, i-alimony ingabelwa, phantsi kweyiphi iqabane elide linyanzele ukuba lithenge indawo ehlala kuyo ukuze esinye isiqingatha singene khona. Akunyaniseki ngokunyamezela, kodwa le nto iyinto eqhelekileyo.

Ngokuqhelekileyo, le mfuneko yokuphunyezwa kweCandelo 4 loBugcisa. I-LCD ye-Russian Federation ivela kwezo meko xa kunye nomntu okhutshwayo, kukho abantwana. Iingcali, i-alimony inokuhlawulwa yinkwenkwe ngokuthanda umntu xa ehlala engenalutho kunye nenzala yabo efanayo, kodwa oku kuyinto engavumelekanga kakhulu ukuba ayifumaneki ngokwenza.

Iphuzu 5. Xa ixesha liphelile

Lo mhlathi uchaza imeko apho umntu ekubhekiswe kuwo kumhlathi ongaphambili anqatshelwe ilungelo lokusebenzisa indawo. Ngoko, imeko elula kakhulu kwaye iyaqondakalayo xa ixesha lokuhlala kwesikhashana liphelile.

Ngokomzekelo, ummi wavunyelwa ukuba ahlale kwindawo efanayo njengoko ngaphambili, unyaka wonke. Ngeli xesha kwafuneka afune ipropati yakhe okanye inokwenzeka yokuqesha. Iinyanga ezili-12 ziphelile, kwaye unyanzelekile ukuba ahambe. Akukho mntu unakekelayo apho. Kukho ukugcinwa. Unokuzimela ngokuzimela ngokuvumelana nomnikazi wepropati apho iimeko ziya kwenzeka ukuba uqhubeke uphila, kwaye uhlale kwindawo enye. Lo mntu unokuhlawula ilungelo lokusebenzisa indlu, enze iintlobo ezithile zomsebenzi ngokutshintshela ukugcina isimo somqeshi kunye njalo.

Kukho nezinye iindlela ezimbini apho ilungelo lokusebenzisa iindawo zokuhlala zipheliswa ngaphambili. Enye ukutshabalala kwemingcipheko, ebudeni bexesha labo isiseko solu vavanyo. Lobu bugcisa. I-LCD ye-Russian Federation ibonisa ukuba kukho imeko ezithile, ngenxa yokuba umntu akanalo ithuba lokuphuma. Ngokomzekelo, ukutyinjwa kweso sixeko, ukuqhuba imisebenzi yempi ezweni lakubo kunye njalo. Inketho yokugqibela kukuphelelwa ngokupheleleyo kobunikazi bomnini. Umzekelo olula kukuba ifulethithi ithengiswa. Kungakhathaliseki naziphi na ezinye iimeko, bonke abo babehlala kulo, nangona iluphi na isizathu, banyanzelekile ukuba bahambe baye kwimimiselo evunyelwene nomnini omtsha.

Inqaku 6. Amalungiselelo phakathi kwamalungu entsapho

Le nto yenye yezona zibini zifutshane kule nqaku. Ngokwe-Art. 31 I-LC RF, isenzo somgwebo sithetha ukuba imeko yelungu langaphambili lentsapho alimele lichaphazele ngamalungelo akhe nemisebenzi yakhe. Oko kukuthi, awukwazi ukunyanzelisa umntu ukuba enze nayiphi na uhlobo lomsebenzi ngokunyanzeliswayo ilungelo elikule ndlu, ngaphandle kokuba kuvunyelwene phakathi komnini kunye nomqeshi ngesivumelwano esahlukileyo kwaye inxalenye yemithetho yokuhlala. Yonke le mpawu iboniswe kumhlathi 2 ukuya ku-4 wecandelo elichazwe kumthetho.

Ngokomzekelo, awukwazi ukunyanzelisa umntu ukuba ahlambe izitya nakwabo, kwaye umnini nje ngokuba uhlala apha. Kodwa ukuba uyavuma ukuba izitya ziza kuzaliseka ngokupheleleyo kwisazela sakhe, kwaye ngokuqinisekileyo umnini uya kuhlamba iiplanga kuyo yonke indawo, sele sele yintsebenziswano efanelekileyo. Nangona kunjalo, kunokubakho ezinye iintlobo zamalungiselelo apho umntu oyedwa uza kwenza yonke imisebenzi yasekhaya, kodwa akayi kuhlawulela indlu okanye afumane nayiphi na intlobo yeenzuzo ezilungelelanisiweyo kunabanye abaqeshi.

Isiqendu 7. Amanye amalungiselelo

Le ngqungquthela yesibini emfutshane, leyo inxalenye enkulu inokukhathaza ukhetho ngezindlu ezikhutshwayo. Ubonisa ubungqina obunyanzelekileyo bokuba into yokuba intolongo ihambelane nesivumelwano phakathi komnikazi kunye nomqeshi kuwo onke amanqaku. Ngenxa yoko, ukuba sithatha njengesiseko sencwadi yesivumelwano kunye nomthetho, ukuba umqeshi unyanzelekile ukuba enze kuphela ezo zenzo ezichazwe kwizivumelwano, kwaye kuphela ezo lungelo ezifakiwe kuzo.

Inketho eqhelekileyo isebenzise ngokupheleleyo zonke iimpahla kunye nezinye izinto ezifana nokungabikho kwegumbi lomnikazi, ukungakwazi ukwenza umsebenzi wokulungisa, ukwenqaba ukuhlaziywa, njalonjalo. Yiyo yonke into engadingeki ukuba uphile ngokukhululekile, kodwa kunokufuneka kwiimeko ezinqabileyo. Kwakhona, kwenzeka, iimfuno zomqeshi kwisiseko sokubuyiselwa ziqwalaselwa.

Ngokomzekelo, unokuzimela ngokuzimeleyo le nto okanye loo ndlela (ngokulula - i-oven microwaves), eya kusetyenziswa yedwa kunye nabanye abemi. Ukutshintshiselwa kuye ixesha elithile, umrhumo wehlisiwe, umntu ukhululiwe kuyo nayiphi na imisebenzi kunye njalo. Nantsi yonke into isekelwe ngokupheleleyo kwizivumelwano ezikhoyo, ezicetyiswayo ukuba zixoxwe ngazo kwinqanaba leengxoxo zokuqala.

Umnini

Ubugcisa. I-30, i-31 ye-LCD ye-RF iphinda ilawulwe ngamathuba omnini womhlaba. Ngokukodwa, ininzi malunga nabo ibhaliwe kwinqaku le-30. Ukuba imfutshane, umnini unelungelo lokuhlala ngaphakathi kwendawo, ukuba angene kuye abanye abantu, kodwa kufuneka athathele ingqalelo imfuno yabamelwane (ukuba bangenzi umsindo, ungabi nkunkuma, njl njl), ukuhlawula iinkonzo zesevisi ngexesha elifanelekileyo kunye njalo njalo. Ngokona nxalenye, ezi zibango ezifanelekileyo, amabango angenawo umntu owaneleyo, kuba wonke umntu angathanda ukuhlala ukuze abamelwane bangaphazamisi kwaye konke kwenzeka ngexesha. Kodwa, ngelishwa, kwiimeko ezininzi abanye abahlali bendlu baziphatha ngokungathi akukho mntu uhlala apha ngaphandle kwabo. Kwimeko enjalo, usenokufuna ukubiza amapolisa, nangona phantsi kweemeko ezithile kunele ukucela ukuba uziphathe ngendlela efanele.

Iziphumo

Ukuba sishwankathela konke oku ngasentla, sinokugqiba ukuba kwiimeko ezininzi, ukuze kusetyenziswe ubudlelwane obuhle phakathi kwabantu abahlukeneyo, kwanele ngokwanelungelo lokugqiba izivumelwano ezibhalwe kwifom ebhaliweyo okanye ngomlomo. Ngokwemeko yokuqonda ngamacandelo omabini abo bonke uxanduva, oku kwanele ukusimisela ubomi. Ngaphandle koko, kuyakufuneka ukuba isebenzise iinkonzo zenkundla, ezo ziqwalasele zonke iimpawu zeso sizathu, ziza kukhupha isigqibo esisodwa esifanelekileyo, sibophezele ukuthotyelwa ngabo bonke abantu kwimpikiswano.

Oku kuyimeko engavumelekanga, ukuba asiyi kuqwalasela inkqubo yoqhawulo-mtshato, oku kuthetha ukuba kukho iingxabano. Kodwa ke, kufuneka kuthathelwe ingqalelo kwaye iqondwe ngabantu abahlala kwindawo enye yokuhlala. Abaninzi bancoma nokuba nobuhlobo bobuqu balungiselele kwaye batyikitye iimvumelwano ezixhamlayo kwangaphambili, apho zonke iinkalo zobomi ziya kubonakala. Oku kungabonakala kungaqhelekanga okanye kungavumelekanga, kodwa enyanisweni, nangona le nkqubo ayinakulinganisela kwengqondo, ixazulula ezininzi iingxabano ezinokwenzeka ngaphambi kokuba ziqale, ngaloo ndlela zilondoloze iseli yoluntu.