Thrombocytopenia komzimba: Ibangela, diagnosis, Treatment

Phakathi izifo indalo samathambo, oko kufuna ingqalelo thrombocytopenia ekhethekileyo. Ngokuba uthe ukugula osemqoka luphawu lo ukuncitshiswa kwenani zegazi - izinto ebalulekileyo coagulation kwegazi. Ngaphandle bengazi nokuba yintoni na - i thrombocytopenia samathambo, izigulane ezininzi ngoyaba iimpawu zokuqala zesi sifo, yaye ngokufuthi kangakanani ibonakala lilize. Xa sesihambe kukho ingozi kubunzima ezinokukhokelela ekufeni, yaye amathuba sokubuyisela ngokupheleleyo - sakugcina.

Yintoni a thrombocytopenia: inkcazelo emfutshane

Isifo luphawulwa ukungakwazi amajoni omzimba ukuba abone zegazi zalo, nto leyo ekhokelela kwabo ngaphandle. Iziphumo zenkqubo zophendlo lwezifo yi ukuveliswa antibodies kwi udakada, nto leyo inceda ngesantya olukhawulezisiweyo ukuphelisa umzimba "amazwe". Kaninzi, ngenxa yokugula esizibonakalisa ebusika nasentlakohlaza. Kwinqanaba eliphantsi zegazi egazini maxa wambi sithetha uhlobo non-omzimba esi sifo. Kulo mzekelo, thrombocytopenia, kwenzeka kwimeko neziphumo ezibonakalayo kwi ziiplatelets.

Libhekisela kwiqela kwezifo kwinkqubo yokujikeleza kwegazi, ianemia zicacisa kwiinkalo ezahlukeneyo. Isikakhulu sifo wahlulwe ubude ukuhamba ngeentlobo ezimbini - oyingozi futhi ezigulo ezondeleyo. Kuyingozi kakhulu kubantu kuhlobo lwesibini sifo, njengoko ukubuyisela yesiqhelo zegazi count ingathatha iinyanga ezimbalwa, yaye ngamanye amaxesha neminyaka. Kukho nolunye uhlobo thrombocytopenia, ukusuka isifo lesibini okanye primary zisathe - sisigulo uyakwazi ukubonakalisa ezabo okanye zenzeka ngokuchasene nentsukaphi nokunye ukukhubazeka emzimbeni.

Loluthando izifo, amaqela umngcipheko

Iziganeko umngcipheko thrombocytopenia kunzima ukuba bathi udidi eyahlukileyo kwizigulane. Kodwa utshintsho rhoqo kwizinga iiseli ezibomvu emzimbeni kwabasetyhini ukuvumela ukuba utsalele ngesondo wamhle ezithandwa kakhulu sisifo. Isizathu soku inokuba ezahlukeneyo izinto, ngokuthe ngqo okanye ngokungathanga ngqo, wabeka nesitampu wam phezu umsebenzi hematopoietic (esexesheni, ukuzala, iingxaki emva nokuzala, ukuya exesheni, njalo njalo. D.). Ebantwaneni, isifo ezinqabileyo.

Yintoni ekwenyukeni kwesi sifo ndinaso?

Ngokuqiniseka okuphelele bathi kutheni esi sifo yinto engenakwenzeka. Kodwa ke, nangona oku, iingcali batyekele kwisivumelwano malunga samathambo thrombocytopenia purpura - indima enkulu ebangela isifo idlala yofuzo. Ngenxa yaso nasiphi na isizathu, thrombocytopenia sokuhlasela ziquka:

• uxabane zomzimba (e umthomalalisi ethile, antibacterial kunye neziyobisi alkaloid kunokubangela uhlobo zale sifo);
• imibala omzimba, okukwazi amandla;
• ukutofelwa igazi, igazi yokungafani;
• ukusilela renal;
• uhlobo kohlobo;
• scleroderma;
• lupus;
• leukemias;
• kakubi utywala.

Kusenokwenzeka ukuba ukuphuhlisa isifo abantu abazalwa kunye nosulelo lwe-HIV. Izizathu ukutyhileka esi sifo kunganxulunyaniswa Ukudlulela emzimbeni phambi yobubi. Ukwehla eziseleni egazini kukhokelela folic acid izivuka, vitamin B12, okanye ngokugqithiseleyo lokungakhuseleki kwemitha, ultraviolet ukukhanya.

Eyona engundoqo Iimpawu lweentlobo sifo sokuhlasela

Symptomatology uphawu ngenxa thrombocytopenia samathambo, isigulane ngasinye kuboniswa ngeendlela ezahlukeneyo. Iimpawu zesifo azimisele, kuqala kwiinto zonke, ezibangela izifo, nohlobo sifo. Ukanti, ukuba ukubalaselisa iimpawu eziphambili, ukubonakala apho kufuneka ngokukhawuleza kangangoko kunokwenzeka ukuya oogqirha, kulula:

• Livela yesikhumba lokutyunyuzwa, ukopha. Ngokungafaniyo amanxeba eziqhelekileyo amabala purple izigulane isaziso kakhulu kwi nemilenze, umntla kunye nobuso kunye nemilebe.
• Imihla iyoluka ukopha izifo ngenxa ingqibelelo inyama (emva ukususwa amazinyo, inxeba phezulu, unqanyulwe).
• Ukwandisa kwiindawo nkovu wesibeleko zikhatshwe gqolo fever ephantsi-grade.
• oluthile uvalo, ubuthathaka imilenze, ukuba nesiyezi.

Ziziphi iimpawu kufuneka sinikele ingqalelo kuyo?

I ekuqaleni kwafunyaniswa thrombocytopenia, kungenza kube lula kakhulu ukusinyanga esi sifo kuyo. Umzekelo, izigulane ukuziyela ingqalelo iimpawu ezifana iintsini nokopha, irhashalala ezincinane emzimbeni. An thuba ukubonisa yaye ukuya saveyi yalula ngokupheleleyo yaye enkulu hematoma ukudumba izicwili ezithe zenzeka kwi ukulimala encinane, kwakunye ukhetho endleni kunye nomchamo kunye egazi. Xa abantwana abaphethwe thrombocytopenia samathambo, imbonakaliso eqhelekileyo ekunokuthiwa wopha impumlo, ngelishwa, asithatyathwa njengento ngabazali. Ngokufuthi, le nto ithintela nokuzimisela kwangethuba isizathu sokuba ekubonakalisweni zophendlo lwezifo.

Zegazi okubangelwa ngexesha lokukhulelwa: sezizathu eziphambili

Ukukhulelwa kunye thrombocytopenia samathambo oogqirha ingqalelo amagama ezihlabanayo. Abasetyhini nilindele wemvula, inani leeseli igazi, nkqu eliqhelekileyo kuyahlukahlukana iiyantlukwano obesazeka, ngoko ke Ugqirha kubizwa ngokuba umsebenzi eneenkcukacha esweni rhoqo imeko igazi. Ngokuqhelekileyo ngexa lokukhulelwa, inani zegazi kwabasetyhini kuyehla ukuvula kwegazi peripheral, kodwa utshintsho azikho kakhulu kangaka ukuba ukuphazamiseka kakhulu imisebenzi ebalulekileyo zomzimba. Hi ndlela leyi, oonobangela sifo koomama abakhulelweyo badla:

• ukutya engafanelekanga nokungabi yokutya;
• ukopha high;
• ayoni anemia;
• inkqubo omzimba buthathaka.

Indlela kuzala umntwana ophile nge thrombocytopenia?

Zonke ezi zinto kukhokelela kuphuhliso eliphantsi lomongo wethambo egazi abomvu. Ngaphezu koko, inkoliso zegazi bagqibileyo, nokuba imilo ezitenxileyo ezinokwenzeka. Ukutyhubela ukukhulelwa, ingane ubethwa nengozi enkulu ebangela yophela lwangaphakathi. Apho kukho ubungqina ezikhokelela iingxaki kunye ukugxagxiseka umama nomntwana, oogqirha ukuze isigqibo ekuzalweni kwexesha. thrombocytopenia komzimba, lifanelwe ingqalelo kakhulu baziingcali kuzo zonke ixesha loxilongo. Nokuphathwa ngexesha esi sifo, loo magumbi ebalulekileyo igazi kulahlekelwa delivery, kungenzeka inenimba yemvelo ayikho ngaphandle.

Uxilongo: ukwahlula njani kwezinye izifo?

Phambi kokuba uqinisekise i thrombocytopenia samathambo kwindawo yokuqala, kubalulekile ukuba umahluko phakathi umyalezo lokwenyaniso intswelo zegazi, ngenxa yokuba uninzi iimpawu zifana kunye nezinye izifo emzimbeni:

• igazi;
• izifo hematological olandelayo;
• Ukudlulela kwi umongo;
• iintlobo splenomegaly - zezifo udakada;
• izifo yonyango.

Kwiimeko ezininzi lokufunyaniswa thrombocytopenia samathambo akubangeli ubunzima, njengoko ngenxa ekufumanekeni esi sifo, iindlela ezahlukeneyo zophando lwezonyango kunye elabhoratri. Amaninzi, oogqirha kuqinisekisa uphethwe kunokwenzeka nge:

• yegazi clinical;
• Uhlalutyo igazi ezinto;
• cytology;
• Bone ngumongo histology.

Indlela yokuphatha i ukuswela ziiplatelets?

Inani eyinhloko amatyala, unyango thrombocytopenia samathambo i hormone. Ngexesha unyango lwesifo isigulane emiselweyo gormonsoderzhaschie amayeza oqhelekileyo othi "prednisolone" - a glucocorticosteroid, ukusetyenziswa okungagunyaziswanga yaye kwamalweyile ngendlela ejongene kukuvela yeziphumo ebezingalindelekanga. Ukulungiselela lo unika gqirha ukuya, ulindele ukuba idosi: avareji "prednisolone" libhekisela esekelwe om-1 ml 1 kg ubunzima bomzimba ngalinye. Xa sesihambe of specialist sifo usenokugqiba ukwandisa umthamo ubuncinane kabini.

Glucocorticoids ukuzabalaza ngokwabo ekulweni thrombocytopenia samathambo, kodwa kaninzi unyango ngamachiza inika isiphumo kwangumqondiso ngohlobo leengxaki eziziisekondari. Kulo mzekelo, ngokufuthi isicombululo kuphela le ngxaki uqhaqho. Ukususwa le udakada amayeza kuthiwa splenectomy. Olu tyando lwenziwa laparoscopically. Phambi kokwenza ngqo ungenelelo umthamo iihomoni ukungavani ukwandisa ngokuphindwe ngokusungula ngqo emthanjeni. Emva ukususwa izinga udakada "Prednisolone" ayipheli - ichiza kuthatha ukuya kwiminyaka emibini.

Iimpawu zonyango lwe thrombocytopenia

Xa iingxaki kwavela ngexa unyango zoqhaqho thrombocytopenia samathambo, isigulane elawulwa kunye cytotoxic umsebenzi ichemotherapy immunosuppressive. Xa unyango iintlobo kakhulu zesi sifo lukwaquka amanyathelo ukubuyisela umthamo wegazi eziqhelekileyo ngokusebenzisa ukutofelwa kubalizi. Ukuthintela ukuphinda esi sifo, umguli lufakwa kwi-akhawunti ukuncoma rhoqo umana ukulungiselela iinjongo umbala.

Kumanqanaba okuqala esi sifo uyazinyanga ngokukhawuleza nangempumelelo, isiqabu kaninzi kwenzeka emva ukusetyenziswa kweziyobisi iintsuku eziliqela. Noko ke, ukupheliswa iziyobisi kufuneka iququzelele ugqirha kunye - nomonde, njengoko umgaqo, kufuneka ukuba basebenzise iziyobisi de unyango lokugqibela.

unyango Abantu kunye nokudla

Ukumelana komzimba thrombocytopenia angabona ongaqhelekanga kunye mayeza. Xa sesihambe wesifo ukusebenza ayo esezantsi, kodwa zidityaniswe kunye iziyobisi ezimiselwe unyango enye ibonisa rhoqo nemiphumo emihle. Phucula karhulumente igazi kuncede ukwandisa zegazi count:

• ubusi;
• walnuts;
• raspberry;
• nokuhlanganiswa lesinqe rose;
• umhluzi umba;
• beet kunye ezinde incindi.

Xa thrombocytopenia, isigulane kufuneka iphononongwe nokudla ukudla. Nangona isilela iingcebiso ezithile malunga ukutya, ukunqanda uphuhliso nezibilini ukopha kubalulekile ukuba ukuhlafuna ukutya, udle ukudla kushushu kakhulu, bashiye neemveliso kuyacaphukisa kwiinwebu iphecana zesisu.

Ngaba kunokwenzeka ukuba ndiphilise ngezifo; sase- ukwenzela ukufumana kwakhona kwemali

Liqikelele thrombocytopenia komzimba kakhulu kumiselwa ukuma ngezifo. Umzekelo, isifo leyo kwisigaba ebukhali, ukuze aphathe lula kakhulu kunokuba uhlobo ezingapheliyo kwesi sifo. Kwezinye iimeko, ukuchacha lwenzeka ngaphandle kokusebenzisa amayeza. Xa thrombocytopenia ezingapheliyo kwangaphambili kakhulu ukumimitheka lokugqibela nzima ngakumbi. Ngelo xesha ngokunxulumene ebomini yomguli naye ngobungozi kuya kuvela ukuba lixesha lokuba afune uncedo ezizodwa ukuqala unyango ngaphandle ekhokelela legazi lwangaphakathi.

Kwenzeke re ekunciphiseni zegazi yokubala izigulane uhlobo ezingapheliyo samathambo mkhulu ngokwaneleyo, njengoko kungabangela izinto ezahlukeneyo - ukusuka uxinezeleko ukuya ukutshintsha kwemozulu okanye ukufumana amalungiselelo zonyango. Likakade soloko ilandelwa lutshintsho lwemithetho kakhulu, kodwa ke ngenxa yokuba kwezi zigulane zifuna kweliso ubomi lweengcali. Kubalulekile ukuphawula ukuba nembono oluthandabuzekayo sigwetyelwe izifo naso esi sifo lwe kwegazi. Umzekelo, amathuba yomguli wokuchacha wegazi okanye lomongo wethambo metastases engephi.