St. Tihon Zadonsky: ubomi

Waba ngomnye yabefundisi ubalaseleyo Orthodox iinkokeli zonqulo, owayephila kwinkulungwane XVIII kwaye lamiselwa ebusweni abangcwele kunye nabasebenzi ummangaliso Russian Church. Bishop of Voronezh kunye Yelets, eSt Tihon Zadonsky wahlala elukhuni kwaye ngaxeshanye emangalisayo, zizele iziqhamo zokomoya wobomi, kuba yena akazange ningadinwa ukubulela kuYehova. OyiNgcwele wahlala vuma kakhulu, wasebenzisa ukutya omncinane, yaye wayengoyiki kanzima nzima, kodwa akazange, yena abe nendumasi. uthando lwakhe uThixo kangangokuba phantse ngabo bonke ubomi bakhe wayitshabalalisa wenkonzo ibandla likaThixo emhlabeni.

St. Tihon Zadonsky: ubomi

Ikamva ubhishophu, kwaye ngoku ehlabathini Sokolov Timofey Savelevich, wazalwa ngo-1724 kwilali kwiphondo Korotsko Novgorod. Le ntsapho yayingamahlwempu kakhulu, utata waba umdikoni Savely Kirillov. UTimoti wanikwa igama elitsha kwi secawa Novgorod. Uyise yena akazange khumbula, ngokuba wafa abaselula. Xa izandla unina abantwana abathandathu - oonyana abane kunye neentombi ezimbini. Lo mzalwana omdala, kakhulu, ezifana uyise, waba umdikoni,-avareji singeniswa emkhosini. Bekungekho mali, njalo yonke intsapho ngokubonakalayo waphila ukusuka isandla emlonyeni. Ngamanye amaxesha, xa indlu akuyona into edliwayo, Timka Ngenxa yeqhekeza lesonka ngosuku, harrowed kulinywa indoda esisityebi.

coachman

Noko ke, baqala ukubiza coachman bantwana rhoqo kodwa usisityebi. Timka yena wayemthanda ngathi umzalwana, wamcenga ukuba inike unina yam ukukhulisa indodana yakhe ukuba ungabhalisi indlela impahla yakhe ekupheleni kobomi bakhe. Umama waba buhlungu gqitha uTimoti, kodwa ubuhlwempu nendlala ezigqithisileyo wamnyanzela ukuba uyavuma. Ngenye imini yena wathatha isandla kunyana wakhe waza waya umqhubi. Ngeli xesha, lo mzalwana mdala wayengekho ekhaya, kodwa xa ebuya, ndakuqonda nodadewabo ukuba umama wam Timka waya umqhubi, wakhawuleza apho ukubamba up kunye nemikhosi yazo. Kwaye ngoko, ndazifumana, bema phambi kuka mama wam emathangeni akhe Wacela ukuba ukunika Timka kumqhubi. Wathi ukuba aye ngcono ehlabathini lonke, kodwa uya kuzama ukufumana ulwazi lokufunda nokubhala, kwaye ngoko ngeke sifake kwi sextons okanye amadikoni. Umama wavuma, waza wabuyela bonke ekhaya.

uqeqesho

Ngowe-1738 Timka nomama wam ukwamkelwa sobufundisi Novgorod. Kulo nyaka, umzali wafa, noTimoti wasala wayeyinkedama. Ngesicelo womntakwabo - unobhala wenkundla kwi Novgorod - Wacela kwisikolo Novgorod ngezakwaLizwi, wayesenza endlwini ubhishophu, nto leyo ngowe-1740 labizwa ngokuba sobufundisi. Sokolov inkwenkwe njengenye abafundi best ababhaliswe nangoko mazigqithiselwe ezinomthamo karhulumente. Kwaye ngoko ke waqalisa ukuya kufumana isonka simahla kunye namanzi abilayo. Isiqingatha isonka wadla, kunye nezinye ukuthenga nokuthengisa namakhandlela ukufunda iincwadi zokomoya. Abantwana abarhwebi abazizityebi ngokufuthi bahlekisa ngaye, umzekelo, uya kufumana ottopki izihlangu zakhe bast wazitshangatshangisa, kuye endaweni umcephe ngala mazwi: "! Thina mkhulu, saint kuwe"

Wafunda sabefundisi kangangoko-14 ubudala yaye isidanga ngo-1754. Le nto ke, ootitshala ngokwaneleyo sobufundisi kwakungekho. Emva kokufunda iminyaka emine iminyaka, ubuciko, wezakwalizwi bulumko, kunye neminyaka emibini igrama, ikamva St. Tihon Zadonsky waba ngumfundisi isiGrike yenkolo.

Tonsured nengqesho ezintsha

Entwasahlobo ka-Aprili 10, 1758 uTimoti tonsured yimonki enegama Tikhon Monastery Archimandrite Anthony Parfeny (Sopkovsky). Inoki Ngelo xesha wayeneminyaka engama-34. Kwaye ngoko ke waba ngumfundisi-bulumko Novgorod ubufundisi.

January 18, 1759, wamiselwa Archimandrite yaseTver Zheltikova kwingcinga Monastery, yaye nyaka wamiselwa ukuba Umphathi yaseTver sobufundisi ufundisa yezenkolo. Kwaye konke oku, sibona ubukho consistory ngokomoya.

Voronezh St. Tikhon of Zadonsk: ibhishopu

Lidla isiganeko umdla eyenzekayo phambi kokuba wamiselwa May 13, 1761 eBishop Kexholmsky kunye Ladoga. Xa wayefuna umfundisi kwi yosisi Novgorod, le ndawo wakhethwa abaviwa ezisixhenxe, waza wangena kunye Archimandrite Tikhon.

Kwafika imini Enkulu iPasika, nto leyo ke draw ze uchonge abaviwa sikhundla. Malunga nelo xesha, Archimandrite Tikhon kunye nguMfundisi uBishop Athanasius wakhonza yePasika ezinkonzweni kwi Cathedral saseTver. Ngexesha Cherubic Hymn wase esibingelelweni, ize kananjalo irhoxise amasuntswana, Archimandrite Tikhon, njengezinye svyaschenoluzhaschie, wasondela kuye kwisikhalazo yesiqhelo: ". Ndikhumbule, nkosi engcwele" Ngephanyazo weva impendulo Bishop Athanasius: "ibhishopu wakho Ngamana uNdikhoyo khumbula uThixo eBukumkanini Bakhe," uze ngoko nangoko baphela, esongeza ngoncumo: ". Ngamana uThixo Wakunika ukuba ube ubhishophu"

E St. Petersburg, ngexesha Bawisa amaqashiso izihlandlo ezithathu, kwaye xesha ngalinye wawisa igama Tikhon. Noko ke, kule sikhundla, wachitha ixesha elifutshane, kude 1762, yaye emva koko watshintshelwa achophele ofisi Sinodi. Emva koko wabubhekisa isebe Voronezh St. Tihon Zadonsky. Bishop of Voronezh kunye Eletskiy Ionniky (Pavlutsky) wayesele efile.

Voronezh Department

ke Bishop Tikhon baphathiswa esebenza ngayo le Voronezh eso sithili, apho ukongeza kwiphondo Voronezh yayiquka Kursk, Orel, Tambov kwaye i Don Umamkeli, ngelo xesha, konke oku kufuneka inguqu enkulu. Kwaye njengoko emaqeleni sesisa Don ngenkulungwane XVII ngasekupheleni yaba yindawo yokuhlala elubhacweni urhulumente ukwahlukana, kunye Nabo Old, lo mfundisi kwakunzima kakhulu ukujongana isimo umphefumlo ibandla. Imiqobo iinjongo zalo ezilungileyo owenziwa ngabantu nje amandla yehlabathi, kwaye nabefundisi.

Kodwa Bishop Tikhon kwakubalulekile ukulungiselela ilifa esifanelwe abefundisi okrelekrele afundileyo, ngoko waqalisa inkonzo engqongqo imithetho treboispolnenie. Phantsi kobunkokheli bakhe, esi sikolo kwabunjwa abantwana abahluphekileyo zababingeleli kunye nababingeleli ngokwabo. Kwi imeko yokomoya, wayefuna onesidima, ochaphazelekayo kuphela malunga ibandla lakhe, kodwa malunga nokuphuculwa kunye nobuhle yeetempile.

Guides & Incwadi yezikhokelo

Kunyaka wokuqala wenkonzo kwi Voronezh eso sithili, wabhala intshumayelo ezimfutshane ababingeleli, ebizwa ngokuba "Ngomhla SEDM oyiNgcwele Mysteries," nto leyo ichaza ingcamango yokwenene amiswa wenza. Emva konyaka, wadala isikhokelo ngendlela abangakwenzanga ooyise zokomoya uvumo nendlela ukuvusa kuzo ngengqiqo inguquko enyanisekileyo, kunye nabanye aba bakulo ngumsebenzi ezimbononweni ngezono zakhe, wafundisa kuthuthuzelwa ngobabalo lukaThixo. Xa eso sithili sakhe of St. Tikhon wavalwa kuqala isohlwayo sokubetha ukuba abefundisi abo ke eziqhelekileyo, naye wayezithethelela urhulumente wakhe ngaphambili.

Ngenxa umbingeleli oyinyaniso, wathabatha unonophelo yimfundo abefundisi, ngoko ke izikolo ezibini zonqulo avulwa Yelets kunye Ostrogozhsk, yaye ngo-1765 waza Ndipinde ndawabhala i Voronezh Slavic isikolo ubufundisi lemfundo, kwaye wamema ootitshala Kiev ne eKharkov. Kuba imfundo yokuziphatha kwe nabafundi bezibhalo kwakhona umyalelo ezizodwa sele yenziwe.

Ngokuzinikela kunye nokhathalelo

St. Tihon Zadonsky lekile imo yoonongendi Voronezh emaxongo kwaye ngoko wabhala 15 amanqaku yezoluleko ukuya esakhiweni. Wabhala umyalezo okhethekileyo abantu ukuba ezinokufundwa ababingeleli umhlambi wabo. Ngoko ke, lo mfundisi iye walwa kumbhiyozo zobuhedeni ucula Yarily ukunxila imini ngqiqweni of Carnival.

Bishop Tikhon njalo aspired kubomi esitheleyo emishini, kodwa imicimbi engaphele Diocesan Tamare wayengekanikezelwa naliphi na ithuba ukuba sifezeke. Usoloko uthatha imfazwe nxamnye yokuzonwabisa kakubi, ukunyoluka, ukunyoluka, obutofotofo, ubusela kunye nokungabikho uthando kummelwane wakhe, phantse akazange waphefumla. iimbandezelo rhoqo kunye nobunzima izilima impilo yakhe, wabonakala iingxaki Wayesoyika ezesifuba umkhuhlane kunye iingxaki rhoqo.

Life nasekusweleni

Nkosi babehlala iimeko elula kakhulu namahlwempu, elele iindiza wamfihla lwegusha idyasi. Ngenxa yale ukuthobeka idla intlekisa umlungiseleli webandla ngaye. Kodwa ke intetho ethi: ". Kusoloko Ukuxolela ngaphezu impindezelo" Xa whacky Kamenev wamnika lammonxoza, esithi: "Musa ikratshi!", Wathabatha nokuhlasela engalindelekanga ezinjalo umbulelo kuThixo, waze waqala ukondla yonke imihla eli esisinyabi yena. Ngokubanzi, yonke ingqumbo nentlungu wakrota ngovuyo wabulela uThixo yonke into uthumela kuye.

St. Tikhon, Bishop of Voronezh, i Wonderworker of Zadonsk wayesoloko ukuxolela abanye, kodwa ngqongqo kakhulu kunye naye. Kanye ngexesha leNzila waya esiseleni yakhe nomhlobo wakhe Schemamonk Mitrofan, lowo wayehleli etafileni kunye umhlali Eletska Kozmoyu Ignatevichem, yaye baba intlanzi phezu kwetafile. Ngoko nangoko neentloni, kodwa mfundisi wathi uthando ngenxa nommelwane ngaphezu isithuba ukuze ukhathazekile, yena ndingcamle kubo isuphu. Wayebathanda abantu abaqhelekileyo, bamkhuza wanika amahlwempu yonke imali yabo kunye neminikelo.

ukuba ngcwele

Izenzo ezinjalo uthando lwakhe yaye self-ukuphika ukuba aluphakamise Eyokuqiqa engcwele yezulu kunye nombono elizayo. Ngowe-1778, wabona ephupheni njenge Virgin Mary emi encinane ngelifu engqongwe abapostile uPetros noPawulos, kwaye eSt Tikhon wema ngamadolo akhe, saqala ukucela inceba kwehlabathi. Uthe ke uPawulos mazwi, ukuba kwangoko kwacaca ukuba ihlabathi ulinde nquleqhu. Saint koko Ndavuka iinyembezi.

Kunyaka olandelayo Saint Tikhon kwakhona wabona Virgin uMariya kunye Ootata oyiNgcwele ingubo emhlophe. Yaye kwakhona wawa ngamadolo kuye, wacela ukuba umntu evela babo ababathandayo, yaye uMama oyiNgcwele kaThixo wathi kuye ngokwesicelo kwayo.

Voronezh St. Tikhon Zadonsk Wonderworker yafunyanwa abaninzi ezibalule- iziganeko eRashiya. Ngokukodwa, yena kwangaphambili uloyiso eRussia imfazwe kukaNapoleon ngo-1812.

ukuqikelela

Ekupheleni ubomi bakhe, waza waqalisa ukuthandaza ukuba iNkosi wamxelela ixesha lokufa. Kwaye kuyo izwi ngesifingo: ". Ngosuku kweveki" Kulo nyaka wabona ray ezikhanyayo, lwema egumbini yeyokukhulisa, wayefuna ukuya emnyango, kodwa waxelelwa ukuba nako nje kwiminyaka emithathu, kodwa kwafuneka asebenze nzima. Emva lo mbono Saint Tikhon umhlala kwisisele sakhe yaye kunqabile wadlala nempi kubahlobo bakhe. Yena ke wabe iimpahla ebhokisini, leyo Wema kwigunjana, Tikhon uyise ubesoloko esiza kuye, bakhale.

Ngaphambi kokufa kwakhe ephupheni ecacileyo, eSt Tikhon of Zadonsk wabona umbingeleli eziqhelekileyo ngokusebenzisa iingcango yasebukhosini esibingelelweni wabanikela umntwana, lowo saint wamanga hlathini sakhe sokunene, waza wabetha kuye ekhohlo. Ngentsasa saint Tikhon weva kakubi kakhulu, esidleleni kunye nomlenze eliseleyo isandla ndindisholo Ndandingcangcazela. Kodwa wasamkela ukugula kwakhe ngovuyo. Kwaye ngoko ngaphambi nje kokufa kwakhe, waba nephupha njengoko thaca phambi kwakhe ileli ezulwini, apho uzama ugwencele, yaye akazange aphume yobuthathaka, ngoko ke abantu baqalisa ukunceda, inkxaso kunye betyale ngayo kufutshane emafini. iphupha lakhe, wathi umhlobo wakhe, seal Kozma, kunye babona ukuba isiphelo oluza saint.

A ukufa ngokuthula

Tikhon oyiNgcwele umhlala waphumla December 17, 1767. Wanikwa ukuba kuphambukela apho unothanda, ngoko ekuqaleni wazinza Tolshevskom yoTshintsho Monastery (40 km ukusuka Voronezh). Noko ke, kwakukho marshland, imozulu akazange aye kuba impilo elungileyo saint, ngoko wafudukela Zadonsk weemonki waza wahlala apho de wasweleka.

Ngexesha kukuswela amandla akhe, ukuba ngamaxesha onke wamkela Mysteries oyiNgcwele, kungekudala sele phezu ukuba thaca phambi koYehova ngeCawa, ngoAgasti 13, 1783. Ngelo xesha wayeneminyaka engama-59 ubudala.

Ngo Zadonsk Nativity of Our Lady Monastery wafumana ukuphumla lakhe laphakade, eSt Tikhon of Zadonsk, esele abangcwele bayo, kwaye ngoku kwi Vladimir Cathedral.

Ukumiselwa kwakhe kwenzeka ngo-Agasti 13, 1861 ebudeni bolawulo lwe Alexander II. Engcwabeni saint phantse nangoko waqalisa ukwenza imimangaliso.

Kufuneka ngoko nangoko kuqatshelwe ukuba ibandla St. Tihona Zadonskogo kunye Ignatiya Bogonostsa bayinxalenye ecaweni kwidolophu wokuzalwa of the Virgin Monastery e Zadonsk of kummandla Voronezh.

Ngokutsho amabali abahlali ubudala, Hierodeacon uMama kaThixo Monastery, Bawo Victor ngowe-1943 ayiqeshileyo indawo yokuhlala ukusuka sendawo - E. V. Semenovoy, nto leyo eye iminyaka engaphezu kweshumi kwi eliphezulu walondoloza icon mandulo St. Tikhon of Zadonsk, yaye nguye yedwa wasindisa kwi icon ye Vladimir Cathedral ngemihla wobukumkani ulawulo yokungabi Soviet. Libizwa ngokuba "ukufa, 'umfanekiso St. Tikhon, ibonisa ukuphakama kwakhe ngokupheleleyo, kwaye ukusukela kukuzukiswa igama lakhe wema emva eqingqiweyo izinto ezingcwele saint. Apho yena ngoku ahlala.

isiphelo

Imithandazo kunye Akathist eSt Tihonu Zadonskomu ngakumbi ukufunda ukuba, wayenza yonke kwizifo zengqondo - impambano, ukudakumba, butywala, kunye lunacy.

An into umdla kukuba St. Tikhon kumsebenzi "obephethwe" F. M. Dostoevskogo waba kwase hero zoncwadi - Elder Tikhon - oko umbhali ngokwakhe waza wakhomba, kwaye weemonki yaba sisiseko yokwenene kwisithuba bezobugcisa kwinoveli.

Iinkonzo holide esindilisekileyo kwinkumbulo yaseSt Tikhon of Zadonsk ebibanjwe ngo Julayi 19-Agasti 13.