Indlela sadlula yaye wafa Cruiser "Murmansk"

Ngentsasa Christmas 1994 phambi kwamehlo labalobi kumangaliswa Norwegian bazisa iqumrhu elikhulu wempi elele phantsi emhlabeni kufuphi nonxweme. Kungekudala kwacaca ukuba owayesakuba Cruiser eSoviet kwaye ngoku Russian "Murmansk", kuye, Noko ke, amaNdiya yayithengiswa ezilahliweyo metal. Kufutshane le mbumbulu Cold War lathatha iminyaka elishumi elinesibhozo. Kodwa inqanawa leyo eye imbali yayo. izinto ezininzi kule umzimba umhlwa, ukuba akwazi ukuthetha. On uhambo olude imigama, gales nexhala ...

Eyokuqala "Murmansk"

Ewe, ngaxa lithile kwakukho omnye inqanawa, ababethwala elo gama. Ngexesha kwiNkomfa Tehran , Stalin wabhekisela iintloko Allied Amandla, nto leyo eye akayilibalanga malunga isabelo ye-USSR kwicandelo le-zithuthi sele bayishiya Italy. Yaba lweenqanawa ezintywilayo ezine, abonakalisi ezisibhozo, ibe wempi kunye Cruiser, yonke kutshanje kwakhiwa. Phantsi benze ukuntsonkotha unikezelo baseMerika nelamaNgesi baye banikela iiyunithi zabo zokulwa, abangabo kakhulu ubudala, kodwa emva kwemfazwe kokuba wathembisa ukuba indawo Italian. Ekugqibeleni, ngowe-1944, ngenxa yokuba izibonelelo ukuya Northern Fleet weza iinqanawa, kuquka i "Milwaukee", uqambe Cruiser "Murmansk". Inqanawa elwandle phantse akazange aphume ezinamandla anti-moya zokudubula yakhe yasetyenziswa ukukhusela isibhakabhaka phezu Bay of Murmansk, Arctic Vaenga, kodwa lo mzekelo uye waphumelela. Emva 1945, i "Murmansk" - "Milwaukee" babuyiselwa eUnited States, yaye kamva wafumana igama elizukileyo a wenyama entsha.

New "Murmansk"

Emva kokuba ngoloyiso eSoviet Union wathabatha ekuqaleni kwenkqubo yotshintsho Navy. ukwakhiwa yayo ngexesha-high speed cruisers leprojekthi bis-68 yakutshanje. Le shipyards Molotov, Nikolaev naseLeningrad umzimba iinqanawa abatsha babekwa, owokuqala leyo "Sverdlov", nowokugqibela, ngolweshumi elinesine -. Cruiser "Murmansk" Ezi units ukunika ubukho ezinzileyo imikhosi Soviet aselwandle kumanzi zonke iilwandle. Iimfuneko abaziinkunkqele, isuke banyanzelekile ngqwabalala kanye nekuba ezahlukeneyo. Ukuba ibhetri elide kufuneka inike yokuphatha uphume neempawu ezintle, kunye zokudubula waba yokwenene besaphula firestorm xa kuyimfuneko. abakhi zamob abanyamezela ngayo le ngxaki.

Zokudubula Cruiser yobudala atomic

Ngowe-1955, kwakukho izinto eziliqela kwiziganeko ezibalulekileyo kwimbali yiSoviet Navy, umzekelo, siya ihlolwe inomzimba yokuqala yenyukliya kwamkele ngwenya enyukliya-kunikwe yokuqala. Kanye ngomthunzi isikhonkwane yodumo omnye Enyanisweni, yaye mhlawumbi ingqalelo zingabalulekanga. April 24 yaphehlelelwa ngomhla wokugqibela iprojekthi 68-bis lo Cruiser "Murmansk". Wayo iimpawu zayo zobugcisa, kuzo zonke uzuko lwabo, azibhalwanga bachukunyiswa inkokheli ngoko zomkhosi nezopolitiko USSR. Kwaye Khrushchev, uNobhala lokuQala yoKhuselo UMphathiswa zhukov waphupha ngento zenyukliya, enomjukujelwa, okanye ngcono - kwamanzi.

A imipu neshumi ubukhulu engundoqo (152 mm), lo abangabancedani olufanayo jikelele (100 mm), 32 anti-moya oluzenzekelayo guns okukhawulezayo-umlilo, a torpedoes kweshumi - konke oku kwenza akukho zayichukumisa le iinkokeli, hayi owayenolwazi kakhulu kwimicimbi aselwandle. Xa nokususwa ngokupheleleyo 16.3 amawaka. Ton Cruiser "Murmansk" waba ubude 210 m, nobubanzi 22 m kwaye idrafti ka-7.26 m. Ingaba sifikelele isantya ukuya amaqhina 31.5 (oko okuninzi, kwaye ngemilinganiselo yanamhlanje) kwaye saba namandla ncwadi.

Ukanti phantsi Stalin wabeka inqanawa yayisele ingqalelo lixesha. Ngaphezu engozini yokuba kusikwe iintsimbi ngoko nangoko emva kokuqala.

inkonzo Military ngexesha loxolo

Ngethamsanqa, lo Cruiser ukukhanya "Murmansk" umthetho fleet likwazile yokuzithethelela, nakuba sikho ilahleko, amanxeba. Ukususela ngo-1963, inqanawa inxaxheba imithambo ezininzi ukusuka kunxweme lwabo lweenkobe. Ngoko yengcono, thumela utyelelo enobuntu kumazwe ahlukeneyo, likhusela emantla USSR ngexesha ukuphakama Cold War, wamkela ngesiqu of "ezigqwesileyo" (1965) liba kwibhodi ye-General uNobhala Brezhnev (1967) kunye nezinye iindwendwe ezibekekileyo. Ebudeni bemfazwe Arab-Israeli, yena ingami kwi iMeditera, kunye butho ungxamile, kwandula ke bakhonze Atlantic. Ngokubanzi, ngobomi yenqanawa epheleleyo kweziganeko, ubuncinane ngokwaneleyo ukukhankanya yokuba babehamba ulwandle umgama ingqamana ubude elinanye ikhweyitha.

Yokurhoxa kunye ukubhabha yokugqibela

Ixesha ayinakutshintshwa, kodwa umkhombe eshiya lunozuko. Ngowe-1989, ngexesha sokugqibela "sitsiba" waza walwenza ngcono. NgoDisemba waloo nyaka mnye, le Cruiser kuyekiswa ngokusesikweni kwaye apheliswe iqela. Ixesha lokuqala eme ubume caretaker, yaye ngowe-1994 ithengiswe eIndiya ukusika ngeentsimbi ezindala.

Kusoloko lusizi ukubona aluzi ukuba kulahlwe ngayo ekupheleni-kwezixhobo yobomi. Kodwa ukuvukela lomkhombe, ebonakalisa kwingxelo yokugqibela ngobomi bakhe. Izaqhwithi kuLwandle Barents baphela iintambo ethwele, kodwa ngobunono umzimba ngoku kwabafileyo kwi esantini. Isiqalelo ngokwayo akafuni ukuba lesilwanyana sakho, ngoko amashumi amaninzi umsele ekuyo.

Iminyaka emininzi wema elunxwemeni, yaye kuphela turrets nompu elinamandla ziyakhunjuzwa ukuba le ntaba ngentsimbi kwaba kanye le Cruiser "Murmansk". Amafoto inqanawa kupapashwa kumaphephandaba yaseYurophu, ukubhala amanqaku ngawo. Ekugqibeleni, ukoyika umonakalo ukuba okusingqongileyo, oko waqala uthathe metal. Ngo-2013, inqanawa nengwenya nto ekungqingweni nasekuxinweni.