St. Louis: ngobomi bomntu kunye nobukumkani bakhe

The French ukumkani Saint Louis wangena imbali elimiweyo ngumlawuli nje kunye sisilumko. Enkosi kuye, France afumana nezidubula ngayo ngokomoya, nto leyo engazange ibonwe naliphi na ilizwe yaseYurophu. Konke oku wanika kumkani intlonipho abantu, uthando lwabo kunye ingqalelo. Kwaye nkqu nanamhlanje, inkumbulo nangoku uhlala ezintliziyweni isiFrentshi.

King ebuntwaneni

Louis IX wazalwa ngo-Apreli 1214 ngo-Prussia. uyise wakhe yindlalifa oyintloko ukuya etroneni isiFrentshi, Louis VIII, njengoko umama - Blanche of Castile. Ndisemncinane unina imfundo yokomoya unyana wakhe, njengoko yena ngumKristu ozinikeleyo.

iingxelo zembali kunye neencwadi malunga ne St Louis iyasiqinisekisa ukuba inkosi mfana wayengumfundi onesiphiwo. Ootitshala bakhe noba amangaliswe yindlela ngokukhawuleza ikhulela izakhono ezintsha kunye nolwazi. Le nto kakhulu uyakholiswa uyise Louis, azibona kakhulu ndinokuba unyana wakhe.

iingxaki ixesha

Ngowe-1223 Louis VIII weza etroneni yaseFransi. Xa wobukumkani bakhe walandela imigaqo kayise, Ndiya kuthetha uzama ukomeleza imida yelizwe kwaye ukucinezela mvukelo ephakanyiswe yi akhonze British. Awu, akuzange kube lula ukwenza ngenxa yokuba iintshaba ndakubumba umfelandawonye olomeleleyo. Ngoko ke, ekuphela kwendlela yokuphuma yaba yenkolo, ekwaziyo ekuxhaseni ngeenxa zonke uKumkani basebukhosini French.

Le adventure for Louis VIII yaba yintlekele epheleleyo. Ukuba phezu kumazwe amaSilamsi, wabona segazi, nto leyo engazange nako koyiswe. Ngo-Oktobha 1226 wafa ukumkani, edlula ibhodi yelizwe unyana wakhe Louis IX. Yiloo nje womyoleli lo kumkani akazange i igatya echaza ngqo babeza ibamba lo mfana.

Ngenxa yoku, France waqalisa ingxabano zembujiswano, ekuweni ilizwe ibe sisiphithiphithi elifutshane. Kulungile, ukuba Blanche ka Castile Wayeyindoda enamandla unothanda umfazi yaye ngokukhawuleza zicinezelwa zonke kuyo okungafunekiyo bidders. Ngaphezu koko, ebonisa ubulumko ibonwe nobuhlakani, wakwazi ukufumana iimfazwe ezimbini: eyokuqala - kunye ze-, okwesibini - kunye British. Oku kwenza France ukuba akhokele ihlabathi, ngaloo ndlela ulungiselela indawo ochumileyo sewusesandleni sonyana wakhe.

Lo mlawuli uselula

St. Louis lande umlawuli sisilumko. Zonke izigqibo yena esikalini ngobunono kwaye zange waya malunga iinkanuko zawo. Oku wamvumela ukuba sifumane ubabalo akhonze bakhe, bakukubona oko ibe yinkokeli ofanele ngubani akafuni ukuba uzibeke phezu ngamadolo abo. Mhlawumbi yiloo nto, Louis IX, omnye wookumkani embalwa, ukuze emva kukabani oliqhophololo inkundla hlalu.

Kufuneka kuqatshelwe ukuba imfundo umama yokomoya imiliselwe kakuhle ezingqondweni zolutsha. Yena iyalandelwa ngokuthe ngqo imithetho ezingcwele, wabafundisa. Purity nokuziphatha for Louis IX baba kwindawo yokuqala. Kwaye kwabonakala yonke: zakhe izenzo, imiba imimiselo nemiyalelo. Kamva, unina uyavuma ukuba ufanele wazi ngokufa, unyana wakhe, ngaphezu koko wenza isono.

Kunjalo, St. Louis, wayengazibandezi ulonwabo okanye yedwa. Ukumkani entsha, ngathi uninzi basebukhosini French omthandayo iimpahla esulungekisiweyo. Wayekuthanda ukuzama phezu kuzithenga, ebonisa yonke phambi incasa. Enye lububuthathaka kumkani amahashe. Rumor yokuba izitali yakhe amahashe kakhulu kweli lizwe, ixabiso ogama ingaphezulu kwe-mali ka kunobhala wenkundla yonyaka.

umbusi Marriage

Njengoko kuchaziwe ngaphambili, umama waba nempembelelo enkulu Louis IX. Akumangalisi ukuba wagqiba ukufumana umdlalo ufanelwe ukuba unyana wakhe. Emva ngalo mbandela, kuba wakhethwa ukuba uMargaret of ePovence - intombi Reymundo Berenguer IV. Kule Manyano kwaba luncedo kwezopolitiko ukuba omabini amaqela, njengoko waba ngummeli wowona ulungileyo uxolo phakathi France kunye County of Provence.

Lo mqobo kuphela ukuzalana uLouis kunye Marguerite. Kodwa ke ingxaki Blanche of Castile wamsindisa wabulela ukuba unxibelelwano lwakhe uPopu Gregory IX. NgoJanuwari 1234 ukuba likhuphe uxwebhu okhethekileyo engqina ukuba semthethweni kunye ukusulungeka umtshato. Yaye kwiinyanga ezintlanu emva St. Louis kunye uMargaret of Provence watshata.

Kodwa inye into kunjalo Blanca lizama. Emva komtshato, kwafumaniseka ukuba intombi abatsha kakhulu umlinganiswa ilukhuni. Ukongeza, engenzi kakhulu ezifana oko Louis bathembele unina wakhe. Nantsi ke imbangi yokuba kuvele ingxabano, leyo ngoku waza walitshisa phakathi manenekazi mabini.

I feat lokuqala

Uninzi ubunzima yokuqala eSt Louis baboyisa Bulelani inkxaso unina wakhe. Ngenxa yoko, abaninzi yezikhulu ixesha elide akazange abone kuyo umphathi langoku, sikwazi ukulawula nje kuphela ngamazwi uhlobo kodwa ngenqindi usongo. Konke oko kwatshintsha ngalo mzuzu xa French alingenele ilizwe IsiNgesi uKumkani uHenry III ngethemba kokuvulwa i yalahlekelwa County.

Louis IX nje kuphela umbane ndawonye amajoni kodwa tactically wakhetha qhinga idabi ekunene. Ngenxa yoko oyise olugqibeleleyo phezu utshaba e Talebure ngo-1242. Kulo mzekelo, ukumkani kwisiFrentshi nenceba kwicala yokulahleka. Ke wakhupha umyalelo wokuba i-British ngokuzola aye ekhaya. Ngaphezu koko, wabuyela kancinci kamva Henry III wePalestina, ngokungqinelana kunye iintshukumisa zabo zamaKristu.

First Iphulo King

Louis IX esemncinane wayefuna ukuya kwi Baphum. Iphupha, enqatyisiweyo ukholo lwakhe olungagungqiyo kuThixo. Ngoko ke, xa 1244 savela wagula, abefundisi bakukubona oko njengophawu. Bagqiba ukuba impiliso iya kuza kuye kuphela emva kokuba St. Louis okhokelwa nempi yakhe Impi wesixhenxe. Kwaye ngenene, kwaba yimfuneko ukuba abasebenzi ukumkani owayehambele kwaye ufumane intsikelelo Pope yakhe, njengokuba isifo lweMedia.

Ukulungiselela yenkolo esitsha (i wesixhenxe) yaphela ngehlobo lowe-1248. Kwaye ngoSeptemba, imikhosi yokumkani kunye bahambi ziwela eSipro. Apho Bamisa isithuba wosana, ukuba waqalisa indlela elide emazweni Muslim. Kuyaphawuleka ukuba eYerusalem St. Louis wayefuna ukufumana nge eYiputa ukuba intshukumo kuyingozi kakhulu.

Ekuqaleni, ukukhuthazwa kwelizwe zadlula ngokukhawuleza. NgoJuni 1249 yenko- baze bakwazi ukuthatha isixeko kungenakugqithwa ka Damietta port. Kodwa ke apho uloyiso brilliant phezu. Izikhukhula iNayile kubaxa kuphela imeko yangoku. Abendlu Louis, wonqanyulwa, ungabikho injongo yabo, baphulukana umoya impi leyo eye yakhokelela ekubeni zembujiswano imbambano.

Nangona kunjalo, le ngxaki inkulu yaba Saracens. Xa imikhosi isikhathi bakwazi ukwakha umkhosi enamandla ekwaziyo ukugcina nayiphi gagasi. Kodwa nkqu yaba sisizathu sokuba ekubulaleni Crusaders. Ukukhetha le maqhinga ephosakeleyo, Louis Kulohambisa abantu bakhe izibuko asekuhlaleni lomlambo, apho babanjwa yi umkhosi wama-Muslims. Uninzi amajoni babulawa kuloo ndawo, nokumkani ngokwakhe wayithimba.

Louis inzuzo singenziwa. Endaweni Saracens ifuna intlawulelo enkulu kunye ukubuyiswa Damietta. Ngokwendalo, ukumkani ukwala isivumelwano esinjalo, emva koko wakhululwa kwangoko. Kodwa emva ekhaya, yena kuphela 1254, ukususela ixesha elide sahlala eYiputa, echaza iimeko ukubuya kwabakhonkxiweyo eseleyo.

ukumkani olumkileyo

Encwadini izinto zika-St Louis, Ibhalwe ngu komntu, isixelela oko eye waphumelela kulawulo ngukumkani kwakhe lizwe. Ababhali-mbali bakholelwa ukuba ngokwemfanelo inkulu yotshintsho lweenkqubo kwesi sikhephe. Ngoko ke, wacel iseti yemithetho kunye nemithetho esebenza kubemi yayo yonke, nokuba basebukhosini okanye abaqhelekileyo.

Ukongeza, i-French ekugqibeleni waba ithuba lokubhena nasiphi na isigqibo senkundla yasekuhlaleni, wabhenela kwinkundla yakomkhulu. Nabo nicele abameli zomthetho uncedo okanye noontanga. Ngenxa aba bantu ilula wayemthanda inkosi yakhe ngophakathi rhoqo ekhuluma ekuqaleni ubulumko bakhe kunye nokuqonda.

Enye inguqu ebalulekileyo yaba ukuqaliswa kwenkqubo prevote. Ngamafutshane, ukumkani wababela ilizwe lakhe kwizithili ichazwe ngokucacileyo 12. Kuyenzeka ukuba ukusombulula zonke ukungaqondani enxulumene lasekunene ingumbuso emhlabeni. Ngaphandle St. Louis waqalisa lwemali olulodwa likazwelonke, nto leyo esebenza kulo lonke eFransi.

lomhleli

Ebudeni bolawulo Louis IX of ngaphezu kokuba iicawa kweshumi nezigodlo zakhiwa eFransi. yena lowo ecetywayo drafti yecawa e saseReims, wakha weemonki Royaumont Abbey, njalo-njalo. Ngenxa yoko, njengokuba i-French ngoku ukucinga obukhulu bobugcisa i Gothic Ages Aphakathi.

Ngaphezu koko, ngaphandle ebukumkanini bakhe kukho iitempile abazinikeleyo kukumkani osisilumko. Umzekelo, wokuwonga elaa kumkani oko lwakwakhiwa Cathedral ka St. Louis, apho ibekwe Tunisia.

Impi wesibhozo: ukufa kweNkosi

Dream ukoyisa emhlabeni Muslim abazange intliziyo Louis IX. Ngoko ke, ngo-1269, kwakhona Ikubuthe umkhosi ukuze ukuya Impi elilandelayo. Ngo March 1270 umkhosi amawaka ezininzi zokholo ziwela e Tunisia, ekhokelwa ngukumkani wabo. Noko ke, Louis, ndizikhumbula nje kwakhe, wagqiba mandikhawulezise kunye nokuqalisa ulinde ixesha elide kangangoko bungasifumani nakwabanye imikhosi belizwekazi.

Yile sigqibo kamva wabulawa ukumkani French. A isihlwele esikhulu sabantu kukhokelele ukuqhambuka kwisigulo ongaziwayo, nto leyo yaba bhubhane ngokwenene. Unyana yokuqala kaKumkani Tristan wafa, yaye emva kwakhe, ngoAgasti 25 waza wafa St. Louis. Bhanya-bhanya, wadubula yi-BBC kutshanje, inkcazelo elungileyo imihla yokugqibela umlawuli omkhulu, olwenziwa kwathandazwa uzisole malunga iYerusalem elingoyiswayo.

Le memory of Louis IX

Ukugqwesa ukumkani olumkileyo zaye nok bexesha lakhe. Ngokukodwa, ngoAgasti 1297, uPopu Boniface VIII umlawuli zibalwa phakathi abangcwele. Waza ukumkani baqala ukubiza Saint Louis waseFransi. Hayi ngaphantsi kwe ogudileyo ngaye uthethe, ababhali-mbali bakholelwa ukuba awawunika bakhe lizwe ukuze bazicelela uxolo nokuzola.

Ngoko ke, akumangalisi ukuba njengentlonipho zakhiwe iicawa eziliqela ezikhumbuzo zenkcubeko. Umzekelo, nkqu eMoscow, ikomkhulu IsiRashiya uyitempile Louis oyiNgcwele, ogama kanye igama elifanayo lexikulu yomlawuli French.