Southern Federal District: isakhiwo sayo kunye nokubaluleka

Southern Federal District - yenye kubahlali ye-Russian Federation, ukuba ndithe ndithi njalo. Okubangel 'umdla kukuba ixesha elithile (ukuba ngqo, kunye 13.05.2000 ukuya 21.06.2000), oko ngokuba North abaseAfrika Federal District. Kodwa, njengokuba ubona, ayizange ihlale ixesha elide - phezu nje ngenyanga. Kamva, Noko ke, ngoJanuwari 19, 2010 Okokuqala, District Federal North-abaseAfrika sele yabelwe ukusuka SFD. Kodwa kwisihloko esahlukileyo kancinane.

ulwazi jikelele

Southern Federal District yeyona ngamanani encinane lonke Russia. indawo yaso 447.821 sq.m. - nje 2,61% le ndawo of Russia! Ngaphantsi kwe-North-abaseAfrika Federal District notorious (170,439 km²). Thelekisa i Siberian Federal weSithili ine indawo 5.145.000 km². izifundo Nangona kuphela 12 ifakiwe kumafa yayo. Kodwa mnye kuphela Krasnoyarsk Territory lugubungela ezikwere zeekhilomitha 2.366.797.

Ngenxa yoko, i-Federal District Southern iquka zezifundo ezisi-8. Ke abemi balo - abantu 16.367.949, ngokutsho manani zakutshanje. Kumalunga 11.17%. I-avareji konga esezantsi - abantu 36.5 square kilometre. iziko District, ngasendleleni, kukho isixeko Rostov-on-Don.

isakhiwo

Into leyo isixeko ziquka SFD, kufanele kuphawulwe ingqalelo ekhethekileyo. Southern Federal weSithili linamalungu yinxalenye encinane. Njengoko kukhankanyiwe ngasentla, ezingama-8.

Le ndawo incinane - isixeko-hero Sevastopol. Iyonke 864 km². Njengoko ilikhaya kubantu abamalunga ne 420.000. Esi sixeko ezininzi ezintle, kodwa okona kubalulekileyo - yintoni kuwo Sisiseko ephambili yomkhosi wamanzi we-Black Sea Fleet of the Russian lwaphela.

Republic of Adygea, ebekwe okuthiwa kummandla Krasnodar, ine indawo 7800 km². Le peculiarity kule ngingqi - imithombo yayo yehlathi. Asezikhundleni ngaphezulu kwe 1/3 yonke republic. Ukanti nantsi ubunzima oludibeneyo kwezimbiwa.

Hayi inkulu, kwaye eCrimea - malunga 27 ophosa square. Kodwa nantsi kummandla Astrakhan kumaxesha ezimbini ezinesiqingatha lukhulu kuyo. indawo yayo ezikwere zeekhilomitha 49.024. ummandla Astrakhan intlango abazizityebi isetyenziswa utyani. IVolga Delta yindawo yokuza- ukutya, Intlanzi stellate kunye sturgeon.

indawo elandelayo - Republic of Kalmykia, ikomkhulu yayo Elista. Okubangel 'umdla kukuba kulo mmandla ulwimi olusemthethweni cha kuphela Russian. Kodwa ke, Bibles (emthethweni).

Neengingqi ezinkulu ezintathu - it Krasnodar Krai, Rostov Oblast kunye Volgograd.

umnotho

Southern Federal District ngonyaka itsala amawaka abakhenkethi. Ngenxa kumafa kwayo kwakukho ummandla Krasnodar kunye eCrimea. Nokuba imimandla zizityebi Spa. Sochi, Tuapse, Gelendzhik, Anapa, Sevastopol, Yalta - uqoqosho ezi zixeko (yaye, ngokunjalo, isithili yonke) lixesha inzuzo lesiphelo kwentwasahlobo, kwehlobo nasekuqaleni kokwindla. Injalo ingakumbi lwemozulu, ngeli xesha kwiindawo yokuphumla le SFD akukho ndlela yakuphuma iindwendwe.

Kodwa ke, ngaphandle kushishino lwezokhenketho, nangoku kakuhle phambili kwezolimo kunye nezothutho iinkqubo, kunye norhwebo ngakumbi. Noko ke, asingabo bonke phezu County. iinkqubo Transport of ukubaluleka inter-ngamazwe, umzekelo, ubukhulu becala bakwicandelo le Astrakhan Region kunye Krasnodar Territory notorious.

production of interest

Kodwa akukho onke amashishini, nto leyo ndoqhayisa Southern Federal District. City of lizuze - izibonelelo elungileyo kuphuhliso lwamashisini ukukhanya. It ngokwenene apha, kwaye nomntu nelungiselelwe unikezelo kwempahla kwamanye District Federal Russian. It is on kummandla kwisithili yenziwa 1/10 zonke izinto ezinithiweyo kwilizwe lethu yaye malunga ne-28% ye isihlangu.

Kodwa loo nto bonke. Kwakhona, Southern Federal District, ikhadi ezinikwe apha ngentla, ngummandla lizwe, leyo uvelisa malunga ne-21% ye umthamo Russia ngayo Imibhobho ephakathi yentsimbi, 13% - ukusika oomatshini, malunga ne-19% iitrektara, iinqwelo-7% kwaye 9% ukumbiwa.

Ukongeza, kwi-Southern Federal District wavelisa malunga ne-18% zesamente, 10% izakhiwo precast eziphathekayo-15% ye isitena yokwakha.

Ngaphezu

Ukuba ukhangela Federal weSithili Southern (imephu apha ngasentla), siyakwazi ukubona ukuba isakhiwo bayo kusenokwenzeka kuquka kwiRiphabliki eCrimea kunye nomzi-hero Sevastopol. Buyela ngoMatshi 2014, kwezi zifundo wabuyela Russian Federation. Kodwa ke isimo sabo sobummandla evunyiweyo kutshanje - phakathi kwiminyaka yoo-ihlobo yale 2016.

Emva ukufakwa eCrimea kwisiThili Southern landa nge-27 000 ezikwere zeekhilomitha. Inani labemi lenyuka - malunga 2.3 yezigidi zabantu. Hi ndlela leyi, kanye ngenxa yale meko eyenzeka ngoNovemba 2015, malunga ukujongelwa yokosulela inyango Kherson, SFD ebizwa amandla mmandla awukho. Ekubeni le ngozi iye ndayihluthwa lonke eCrimea (inxalenye enkulu okwilizwe) lombane konke konke. Kodwa njengokuba nazi, ukuba kwindawo enye zonke ezimbi, kunye nezinye - kakuhle, zonke izalathisi efanayo zishwankathelwe. Kungenxa yokuba i SFD ngoku ezinqabileyo ingqalelo.

agro-industrial complex

Centre of Southern Federal weSithili, kwakunye nazo zonke ezinye ummandla yakhe ndoqhayisa iimeko zivuma zemozulu. Ngamanye DOF abanye, kwaye kufuneka kuphuhliso kushishino lwezolimo. Yiyo le intsingiselo ephambili boMzantsi lonke ilizwe lethu enkulukazi. Yiloo Southern Federal District, ukwakhiwa kweengongoma ezahlukileyo ze leyo ayinkulwanga kakhulu kwaye inikezela Russian ngokhuseleko lokutya. Kulapha igqalise phantse 1/6 ye ozozogidi lonke ilizwe. Kwaye ke kulinywa ngaphezu kwekota umthamo Russia xa bebonke okuziinkozo,-50% (!) - imbewu zikajongilanga, yaye malunga 1/5 nemifuno.

Kwi-avareji e Southern Federal District yenziwe 1/7 ye yemveliso yezolimo. Kwaye yinto eninzi. Kwakhona iquka i-33% iswekile, oli yemifuno 46%, 11% yeemveliso zobisi amaqanda, malunga 12.5% kwemveliso zenyama. Ngokubanzi, uluhlu kunokuba elide, kodwa into yokuba SFD kubaluleke kakhulu ukuba iRashiya, kucacile kwaye ambiwa.