UMongameli kunye Government of France

Yintoni na isakhiwo Government French? Ngawaphi amandla wenza umongameli kaRhulumente? On le mibuzo neminye emininzi iza kuphendulwa kweli nqaku.

URhulumente French: isishwankathelo jikelele

Siseko French uthetha ngokuthi "ngurhulumente" izinto ezimbini ezingundoqo: inkulumbuso kunye nabaphathiswa. Abaphathiswa kuhlanganiswa ibe ngamaqela amabini: iBhunga labaPhathiswa - phantsi kwephiko uMongameli neKhabhinethi - phantsi kwephiko loMphathiswa iNkulumbuso. Kwaye ke yintloko kaRhulumente isiFrentshi, kunye nazo zonke ezinye abalungiseleli baqeshwa ngqo nguMongameli yaseFransi.

Ukusuka kwindawo esemthethweni lwembono, ahleliweyo umongameli asibangwa nantoni kwaye kungaphelelwanga: oko kumisela iNkulumbuso umntu. Noko ke, xa kusenziwa, yonke into eyenzekayo ngokwahlukileyo kancinci. Ngoko ke, umongameli ukhetha, njengokuba umthetho, inkokheli phakathi isininzi ubuso. Kungenjalo, akukho kudla babephikisana nePalamente: malunga amalinge owiso-mthetho, iinkqubo, njalo-njalo ..

Offset khonzi olwenziwe nguMongameli. Nangona kunjalo, oku kwenzeka ngemvume yoMphathiswa iNkulumbuso.

Malunga Institute of the French kaRhulumente uxanduva yasepalamente

Amanqaku 49 no-50 loMgaqo-siseko waseFransi waqalisa isibonelelo esithile uxanduva yepalamente. Ntoni na nendlela esinceda ngayo urhulumente? Umthetho ephambili lizwe imisela ukuba inkulumbuso French kufuneka izicelo ngokukhawuleza ngenxa yokurhoxa umongameli lwawo. Nangona kunjalo, oku kufuneka kwenzeka kuphela kwiimeko ezithile, kuqukwa noku kulandelayo:

• INdibano yesiZwe liya kukhupha "isisombululo emkhuza."
• INdibano yesiZwe walile ukuvuma inkqubo karhulumente okanye iingxelo-nkqubo jikelele.

Ngoko nangoko kufanele kuqatshelwe ukuba yokurhoxa kwe-French yiNkulumbuso, soloko ithetha yokurhoxa olupheleleyo neKhabhinethi lonke. Oku akuvumelekanga njenge voluntary resignation ze iNkulumbuso, ngokokuze.

yonke inkqubo echazwe ngasentla ngumzekelo classic kwenkqubo checks and balances. Eli ziko yoxanduva yepalamente.

I-Government of France njengoko Institute of amanyathelo owiso

NgokoMgaqo-siseko French, urhulumente na iziko eliyintloko avelisa inani elikhulu amanyathelo omthetho. Ngokwahlukileyo koko, amalungu epalamente enye, oko kukuthi, France, urhulumente akwazi ukukhupha iindleko ezinjalo, oluya kubanjelwa zonke izigaba zenkqubo yowiso waza womelela ngohlobo imithetho.

Ikhupha iintlobo ezimbini eziphambili eyilwayo: imimiselo namasiko. Imimiselo izenzo ezikhethekileyo yemithetho amagunya. Imimiselo kwakhona umlinganiswa abasemagunyeni ekuthiwa-zolawulo: njengako Art. 37 loMgaqo-siseko, imibuzo ibe ngumlinganiswa olulawulwayo, nangona ukuba kuwa phakathi kwemida yomthetho.

Ngomhla indima French Prime Minister

French Prime UMphathiswa, njengokuba sele kukhankanyiwe apha ngentla, uMongameli kaRhulumente. Inqaku la-21 loMgaqo-siseko French umisela iwonga kunye namagunya emikhulu, kuquka:

• iinkokheli zoorhulumente;
• ulawulo yokhuselo lwesizwe (kulo mzekelo Prime Minister nguye buqu unoxanduva);
• ukunyanzelisa umthetho;
• ukuphunyezwa iziphathamandla ezilawulayo;
• ukuqeshwa kwabantu ethile kwizikhundla zomkhosi okanye emkhosini.

Ukongeza konke oku kungentla, inkulumbuso uyakwazi ukuthatha ezahlukeneyo izinto zomthetho kunye emisiweyo. Abaphathiswa, nayo, ezinako izenzo ezinjalo kontrassignirovat. Le nkqubo umisela inqaku 22 loMgaqo-siseko ka-France.

UMongameli kunye iNkulumbuso: scheme kobudlelwane

Njengoko eRashiya, umongameli waseFrance inkulumbuso - wokuqala nomntu wesibini sikarhulumente. Ngoko akukho ukuphikisana okanye ezinye iingxaki eFransi yafumana izikimu ezimbini ubudlelane phakathi abapolitiki ezimbini. Oko kukuthi, ngalunye iziphaluka?

Eyokuqala ibizwa ngokuba "de Gaulle -. Debre" Xa umongo walo nto ilula. Le nkqubo ibandakanya uninzi pro-yobumongameli kwiNdlu yoWiso-mthetho yeSizwe. Ngaphezu koko, iNkulumbuso kunye karhulumente akukho inkqubo ezizimeleyo nofa yezopolitiko. Yonke imisebenzi yabo ilawulwa yintloko karhulumente kunye epalamente.

Le program yesibini ekuthiwa inkqubo 'kohabitatsii "okanye scheme" Mitterrand-Chirac ". Undoqo kule nkqubo - ukuyilwa kukho inkcaso uninzi epalamente. Lo ngumsebenzi kamongameli - ukukhetha ukuba uninzi Prime Minister. Ngenxa yoko, kwasekwa inkqubo umdla kunene: umongameli kwaye inkulumbuso endikhuphisana, ngenxa yokuba, enyanisweni, iinkqubo ezimbini ezahlukeneyo. Imiba zasekhaya yandisa kwiBhunga yaBaphathiswa; nkqubo angaphandle ilawulwa yi yintloko karhulumente.

Kakade ke, indlela yesibini izihlandlo eziliqela ngcono linge. Ubungqina yale baninzi, kodwa kungabangela kwenye yaye eyona nto ibalulekileyo: a ukhuphiswano olufanelekileyo kunye nomzabalazo summit kwezopolitiko phantse lonk kukhokelela inkqubela.

Urhulumente weThutyana France: gg 1944-1946.

Ukuze babe nokuqonda ecacileyo ngqo karhulumente isebenza njani eFransi, singakwazi Yenza umzekelo njengoko inkqubo ngurhulumente yethutyana, kwasekwa kwiRiphabliki yesiNe.

Ukudalwa urhulumente yethutyana ibe Agasti 30, 1944. arhente ekhokelwa, Jikelele Sharl De Goll, iMbangi umlungelelanisi "Free French". A phawu isimanga kurhulumente kukuba wawuquka kwawona maqela lwengcingane yaye bavuyiswa ezahlukeneyo: Socialist, Democrats zamaKristu, amaKomanisi kunye nabanye abaninzi. Uthotho iinguqu ezahlukeneyo zentlalo-qoqosho, apho umgangatho abahlala kweli lizwe luphakame kakhulu. Kufanelekile ukuba sikhankanye malunga nokwamkelwa ngoSeptemba 1946 ye-siseko omtsha.

UMongameli French: Ukuze wonyulo

Ukuba iyitshinizele koko, yintoni na amagunya oorhulumente France yaye yintoni isakhiwo ngayo, kuyimfuneko ukuba uye umbuzo olandelayo kwi ngumongameli waseFransi.

Intloko karhulumente enyulwa yokhetho ngqo jikelele. Ithuba lokuba sesikhundleni umongameli ulinganiselwe ukuya kwiminyaka emihlanu, kunye enye nomntu elifanayo akanako ukubamba-Ofisi kaMongameli ngaphezulu kwamaxesha amabini alandelelanayo. Abaviwa kufuneka ube neminyaka ubuncinane 23. Le candidacy kufuneka luvunywe amagosa anyuliweyo. Inkqubo yokhetho ebanjwe inkqubo elikhulu, ngokwamanqanaba 2. Uninzi kufuneka utsalele umnxeba ngumongameli olandelayo yaseFransi. Urhulumente yazisa ukhetho yaye kwakhona ugqibezela kubo.

Ukuba umongameli ekuqaleni ukuphelisa amandla abo, uba uSekela uMongameli weNdlu yeeNgwevu. Eluxanduva lomntu zezi luthande ukuba nomnyino: ukuba akakwazi, ingakumbi, ukuze ayichithe iNdlu yeNdibano yesiZwe, tsalela-zimvo okanye ukutshintsha amalungiselelo siseko.

UMongameli inkqubo ukubana

High Court of Justice yenza isigqibo malunga ukususwa umongameli amagunya akhe. Oku fixed kwiNqaku 68 loMgaqo-French siseko. Enyanisweni, nkqubo onjalo kuthathelwe kaMongameli. Kuba sisiseko esingundoqo ukuba umongameli babalahle post yakhe - ukungaphumeleli ukuthobela imisebenzi yazo okanye komsebenzi, hayi kudityaniswe igunya. Oku kubandakanye ibinzana yokungathembani intloko karhulumente, apho unako ukukhonza urhulumente.

ipalamente French, okanye mandithi, omnye nesamagumbi ayo, abakhwetha ukudalwa kunye ukududulelwa ePhakamileyo Chamber. Kulo mzekelo, elinye egumbini yasepalamente kufuneka ukuxhasa isigqibo lokuqala. Yenzeka lonke ityala kuphela phulo zabakho esithathwini-iivoti yepalamente. Kufuneka kuqatshelwe ukuba isigqibo seNkundla ePhakamileyo uya kungena ukusebenza ngoko nangoko.

UMongameli sifo

Enye sihloko kumele ukuba ngokuqinisekileyo bachukumise - lo ngumsebenzi kamongameli. yokuba lowo France? Ngokutsho nqaku 67 loMgaqo-siseko, umongameli uxolelwa butyala zonke izenzo ezenziwa ngabo eposini. Ngaphezu koko, ngexesha kusetyenzwayo kwamagunya intloko urhulumente ilungelo ukuba nayiphi na kwiinkundla French ukunika ubungqina. NPA, uphando, ukuqokelela ulwazi lwasenkundleni - konke oku kufuneka akazukuyibamba intloko karhulumente ngexesha ekwenziweni kwemisebenzi yayo.

Umongameli French iye, phakathi kwezinye izinto, zibe omzimba ukusuka kotshutshiso. Nangona kunjalo, lo ngumsebenzi kokwethutyana kwaye ziya kunqunyanyiswa inyanga enye emva ngokongeza umongameli umsebenzi wakhe. Kufuneka kuqatshelwe ukuba okukwazi awusebenzi i-International Court Criminal. Umongameli French ayikho nako ukuzimela ukusuka umnxeba kule meko. Lungisa le sikhundla 68 532 loMgaqo-French siseko.

"Personal" amagunya umongameli France

Ngoko ke, ekugqibeleni, malunga imisebenzi kunye namagunya intloko karhulumente French engundoqo. Bonke bephela bohlulwa babe ngamaqela amabini: zobuqu yaye kwabelwane. Yini ephawula amandla akhe? Bona musa ukuba countersign solungiselelo, yaye, ke ngoko, umongameli unako ukwenza nabo ngokwabo zabo buqu. Nanga amagqabantshintshi apha ziquka:

• UMongameli isebenza elingabalamli kunye nokuqinisekisa. Oku kubhekisela injongo lwezimvo, ukusayinwa le Ordinance, ukuqeshwa kwamalungu amathathu eBhunga, njalo njalo. D. Kuyo yonke le nto, uMongameli liya kuncediswa yi-Higher Council of kaMantyi.
• UMongameli esinxibelelana ngayo kwimibutho eyahlukeneyo yezopolitiko kunye namaziko. Nepalamente, iijaji zelizwe (ulamlo, siseko, international), urhulumente - France kufuna ukuba zonke ezi imizimba intloko karhulumente unyanzelekile ukuba ukunxibelelana rhoqo. Ngokukodwa, uMongameli kufuneka ukhombise imiyalezo kwiPalamente, atyumbe iNkulumbuso, ukubamba iBhunga labaPhathiswa, njalo-njalo. D.
• Intloko karhulumente unyanzelekile ukuba athathe onke amanyathelo afanelekileyo ukuthintela le ntlekele. Oku kuquka ukwamkelwa amagunya zonxunguphalo (oku umisela ilungelo Art. 16 ka-siseko). Noko ke, umongameli unyanzelekile ukuba adibane imibutho efana urhulumente waseFransi (nokubunjwa kwayo kufuneka zibe ngokupheleleyo), iPalamente, iBhunga siseko, kunye nabanye.

"EkwaBelwana ngayo" amagunya umongameli France

"EkwaBelwana ngayo" amagunya zomongameli, njengoko kuchasene 'personal "zifuna kontrassignirovaniya ngabalungiseleli. Yintoni na uxanduva intloko karhulumente zingahlukaniswa?

• amagunya Abasebenzi, okanye ukuyilwa urhulumente waseFransi. Sele ngokucacileyo, ukuba ukuqeshwa usihlalo karhulumente kunye nabaphathiswa.
• Nokusayinwa imimiselo kunye nemimiselo.
• Libize intlanganiso zepalamente obungaqhelekanga.
• Ukonyulwa lwezimvo kunye nokulawula uphumezo yayo.
• Ukusombulula imiba yobudlelwane kwinqanaba lamazwe ukuzithethelela.
• Ukupapashwa (kokupapashwa) Imithetho.
• Isigqibo on kwejaji.