Sisekelo New Commercial Alexei Mikhailovich

sisekelo New Commercial - nguwo umthetho imithetho namanye amazwe kunye zasekhaya. Oku kucingwa ukuba uxwebhu ibalulekileyo yamkelwa ngenkulungwane ye-17 ngenyathelo Alexei Mikhailovich. Iyamangalisa ngenxa yokuba olu xwebhu wabeka isiseko sophuhliso kwenkqubo namasiko kwilizwe lethu.

Charter Commercial New: Imbali ethatha

Ziziphi izizathu leyo ayegqatse ukumkani qinisa imithetho yorhwebo, zombini kumazwe aphesheya? Ngokwendalo, oku kukhula ezininzi imithamo zorhwebo. Nophuhliso kolu shishino, kufuneka umthetho ekhethekileyo eyayiza kuseka iimfuno abarhwebi kwi ukuthutha iimpahla, ukuhlawula irhafu kunye karhulumente imisebenzi namasiko. Isizathu sokuba zokwamkelwa olu xwebhu lwezikhalazo bafaka ngabarhwebi ebalulekileyo kukumkani ngokwakhe. Emva kokuba umsebenzi okhethekileyo iye yaphuhliswa.

charter kuthengela yamkelwa ngo-1653 phakathi yasekwindla. Waye kubaluleke enkulu ngenxa eRashiya kunye namanye amazwe, kuye saba kubudlelwane obusondeleyo zorhwebo. Ngaziphi waboniswa umphumo lo mthetho? Okokuqala, wokucinywa iifizi zorhwebo ezininzi ezincinane, zona holdover ngqo ukusuka kwixesha of wobukhosi ukuqhekeka. Okwesibini, lo ummiselo yorhwebo elisekwe imali engange i - werhafu esisigxina, ogama ubukhulu ixhomekeke kuhlobo yempahla bathengisa. Okwesithathu, wacebisa ukuphelisa umsebenzi zezithuthi - uhlobo olulodwa iirhafu ezihlawulwa abarhwebi ukuba yokungenisa kwempahla nakwimo yangaphakathi esixekweni. Okwesine, kula maphepha New Trade washiya iingqokelela kwi Arcade, kwakunye kwimeko remelting imilambo emikhulu. Okwesihlanu, eli phepha kuye kwacaca ukuba Tsar Alexei Mikhailovich iceba ukukhuthaza imisebenzi abavelisi ikakhulu zasekhaya, njengoko oko kungqinwa kukunyuka kwimisebenzi zabathengisi angaphandle.

Ngoko ke, abarhwebi basemzini ukuhlawula ukuya kwisibhozo ekhulwini irhafu zombini urhwebo zasekhaya kunye nokungenisa / ukuthunyelwa kwempahla. Ukongeza imithetho yorhwebo, New Commercial charter kwakhona yafumana kubohlwaya nokuhlukunyezwa. Ngenxa yoko, kwimeko yokuzifihla kwempahla ekuhlolweni amasiko, abarhwebi kufuneka ohlwaywe njenge isabhokhwe, athumela iyadi ngaphandle ukusebenza kunye ngamakhoboka.

Kubalulekile ukuphawula ukuba isicatshulwa yongezwe izihlandlo eziliqela. Umzekelo, ongeziweyo ngohlobo amaxhwebhu zaqaliswa kunyaka 1654, nto leyo ekungavumelekanga ukuba umsebenzi kwi ilifa feudalists yehlabathi yokomoya. Kungekudala lamkele mimiselo zorhwebo entsha, isizathu apho upapasho kwakhona yaba Nceda abarhwebi eziphezulu neevenkile.

zamalungelo ezintsha Commercial ibe yinxalenye ebalulekileyo kuphuhliso kurhwebo eRashiya. Kwaba kwinkulungwane elinesixhenxe iqala ukuyilwa omnye market lonke eli lizwe, kwaye inyathelo elibalulekileyo le sigqibo iba umthetho okhethekileyo. Kubalulekile ukuphawula ukuba imini zokwamkelwa ezingummiselo Trading wokuqala ngoku amasiko Day eRashiya. Oku kubonisa ukuba urhulumente ukhumbula yonke impumelelo ababengaphambi kwakhe, ukuba ukuguquka babo isiganeko ebalulekileyo kuphuhliso ukuyilwa lwelizwe lethu.