Lingonakali - it ... Marine lingonakali. Iindidi nezinto kuzala

Indawo apho ulwandle (okanye naliphi na umzimba emanzini) xa udibana ngqo kwindawo eqinileyo, ebizwa unxweme. Kulapha ukuba kukho ungquzulwano rhoqo lweziqalelo ezimbini: ngamanzi kunye nomhlaba. Ekuhambeni kwexesha, elunxwemeni waphule uthabathe ifom entsha ngokupheleleyo.

Lingonakali - a ... Ukumiselwa imvelaphi kwekota

Ngengqiqo lingonakali ebanzi - inkqubo wentshabalalo yokugaya into. Eli gama livela kwigama lesiLatini abrasio, bona bubonakala "sisusa" okanye "sisusa".

Eli gama lisetyenziswa zenzululwazi ezininzi iinkalo zezinto ezenziwa luluntu. Umzekelo, kukho into efana amazinyo lingonakali. Le nkqubo lingonakali physical izihlunu zamazinyo nzima ngenxa ukudibana ngqo kumphezulu zabo.

Eli binzana inokufumaneka kwiinkalo ezininzi ngenzululwazi - komhlaba kunye kubume, amayeza, izifo, numismatics, njl Ngoko, xa numismatics lingonakali - .. Le banxibe eziinkozo metal ngethuba unyango lwabo. Kwaye amayeza, phantsi kwalo ingqiqo ukuqonda kwinwebu kodonga isisu ngenxa ifuthe kweekhemikhali olomeleleyo.

oluse lingonakali - yintoni na le nto? iintlobo kuzala

Unxweme is non-uniform, ukuba uyaqhubeka zitshatyalaliswe waguqula. Izinto kule zinjalo neenkqubo ezimbini: begudle nondiliseko. Kwelinye icala, zonke nesiqwenga yonxweme naziphi amanzi ehlabathini, ngendlela enye okanye omnye, kwasekwa phantsi kwempembelelo kwamaza eziqhubekayo iveliswe emanzini efanayo.

lingonakali Marine - yinkqubo wentshabalalo oselunxwemeni lwemveli kunye namatye evakalala. Kusengqiqweni ukucinga ukuba ixhomekeke zinto zintathu ezingundoqo:

• amandla kunye neqondo intshukumo yamaza;
• Ukuxinana kunye nozinzo zeengxondorha yingxonde yakhe;
• i steepness kwe kwithambeka unxweme.

Enyanisweni, lo ayanyuka kwithambeka elunxwemeni - iqina ngakumbi iza kutshatyalaliswa. Kwaye ke amandla kwamaza ngokwabo, Kakade ke, nayo kuchaphazela inkqubo lingonakali zaselwandle.

Xa kubume mihla ukwahlukanisa iindlela ezininzi ezingundoqo yaseziphelweni:

• Abrasive-denudation (wambumba phantsi kwempembelelo kwamaza olwandle kunye neenkqubo ithambeka).
• Fjord (kwakheka ngenxa yolwandle izikhukula zamanzi okanye ulwandle iintlambo glacial).
• Skerries (sakhiwa ezininzi iziqithi ezincinane onamatye ezahlulwe sisithuba iindinyana elimxinwa).
• Lima (kwakheka ngenxa kwizikhukula ezivela kumacandelo wellhead kolwandle iintili lomlambo).
• Riasovye (kwakheka ngenxa olwandle izikhukhula neentlambo mlambo kuxineneyo kuni ezintabeni).

Abrasive Beach and sezulu

Yintoni i-Beach esirhabaxa? Yaye unjani?

Ngoko-ebizwa ezizodwa, uhlobo oluthile isiqabu. Ngamagama alula, oko kakhulu amqengqelezi yebhanki eliphezulu kwechibi (ulwandle, ocean, ichibi, ezigcina amanzi enziweyo), nto leyo uyazifohloza phantsi kwempembelelo lomgadi begudle. Ngenxa amaza ngokungathi uyashenxa lizwe, "osetyenzisiweyo" yi amanzi olwandle okanye olwandle.

Geomorphologists bakwazi ukuchonga isakhiwo eziqalelo esirhabaxa engundoqo kunxweme ezine. Zezi:

• Cliff (shelf lonxweme);
• ngumtshangatshangiso-ukunciphisa manuelle;
• Bena - lingonakali ngwenya ithambeka;
• kwamanzi uhlobo nezikhukhula masimu numbers.

Xa ukuyilwa nayiphi kunxweme esirhabaxa ibandakanya iinkqubo ezimbini umgaqo kodwa ezisebenzisanayo. Le lingonakali efanelekileyo (amaza intshabalalo nonxweme rocks) kunye nokwanda (zemali iimveliso evakalala intshabalalo).

Xa iindawo ezahlukeneyo zehlabathi ungabona unxweme eliligugu esirhabaxa: eNgilani eSkotlani, eFransi, Poland, iRashiya, i-USA ne Australia. Apha, umzekelo, kunxweme olusemazantsi wesiqithi eSisili kukho into eyodwa yendalo - Scala Dei Turchi. Lolwandle ubunjwe rock ngentlenga - Marl. Phantsi ifuthe ixesha elide ezi amaza namawa enamatye egudise waza wajika waya smooth nqanaba zendalo zaqaqamba njengokukhanya. Njengoko kubonakala, onokuyibona efotweni ngezantsi.

Indlela ukwaphula elunxwemeni?

Inkqubo wokusungula ngaselunxwemeni esirhabaxa iqala ukuyilwa engontsini amancinci emazantsi ithambeka yayo. Ngokuthe ngcembe kwandisa ubukhulu, waba niche enkulu. "Language" iliwa oxhonywe phezu le niche, ekugqibeleni siyabutyaka futhi yakha kwinqwanqwa elincinane unxweme - eweni.

Coast eBangkok kusenokuquka iingqalutye, isanti, igrabile kunye nobutyobo enkulu. Maxa wambi kuba iintlobo kunokuba engaqhelekanga kunye neemilo. Ngoko, kwi California elunxwemeni isixeko Mendocino, nto leyo eyaziwa ngokuba engaqhelekanga «amatye Beaches ngeenxa» yayo (Bowling Ball Beach). Surf ngcembe atshabalalise rocky the nzima, kwaye kubangela detritus cuba ukuya kwimo elwandle iibhola amatye ngeenxa zonke. bonke Likhangeleka pretty umdla (cm. Ifoto ngezantsi).

Ngokubanzi, ubude elipheleleyo unxweme esirhabaxa kwi planethi imalunga 400 ophosa. Kwi-avareji ngonyaka ngamnye kunye emaweni Bena xa amadama kuthatha malunga 10 billion cubic metres. m izinto detrital.

Ukhuseleko ngokuchasene lingonakali

lingonakali Marine iinkonzo iinzame ezininzi ehlabathini lonke. Izazinzulu zisoloko uzama ukuphuhlisa iindlela ezisebenzayo ngakumbi yokujongana nayo.

Ukhuseleko ngale meko kunokuba zombini yendalo neyenziweyo (ezenziwe ngumntu). Umzekelo, elunxwemeni ikhonza isemagqabini yokukhusela zendalo nxamnye imiphumo eyingozi lingonakali. Ngapha koko, kuthatha wolu kwamaza, iginya amandla abo.

ukhuselo ezingezizo lonxweme nxamnye lingonakali na ukwakhiwa adlula isambuku ngaphakathi elunxwemeni, ulwakhiwo iindonga ezinamandla eziphathekayo elunxwemeni. Sincede ukuba ukumelana inkqubo ingqalelo kunye ogu. Oku izakhiwo elide eziphathekayo, ezo zakhiwe kwi engile ekunene ukuya elunxwemeni. Igama lawo lithi konke: udonga ulwandle like "kunqunyulwa" amaza elwandle, ukunciphisa kakhulu amandla iyingozi.