Sheremetyevsky sigodlo ubuhle bayo (ifoto)

Ngowe-1703, uPeter Omkhulu waseka St. Petersburg. esithoba kuphela ubudala, waba inhloko le. Isixeko iphambili lizwe kunye inxaxheba ngqo wakhona iqalisa ukuba abantu ngomdla ukuxhobisa zezi mini. Omnye yokuqala kweenxweme Neva wafudukela isizalwane kakumkani Earl Marshal Boris Petrovich Sheremetev. Ngenxa ukwakhiwa kwilifa iqashiso №34 kwi Fontanka eweni.

Izakhiwo zokuqala ilitye kwilifa

Ngesakhiwo okwisandla elinye kuphela le Fontanka umlambo, kwelinye - Foundry Avenue. Ngelo xesha zolwakhiwo igama generic of Count kunye nosapho lwakhe wayemi e Millionnaya esitratweni. Kwisayithi ekuhambeni kwexesha, ndlu ngomthi kunye ofisi iphiko. Manor New wabumisela ukuze babe Sheremetievs indlwane usapho. Kwindawo ngokokwakhiwa kwebhotwe ilitye esinemigangatho indlu somthi kwakhiwa kwi 1730s. Kwiminyaka 1750-1755 yakhiwe kumgangatho wesibini wesakhiwo, nto leyo ukwenza ngokuyila SI Chevakinsky kunye FS Argunov.

Manor e owawuvela Borisoviche

Owned estate umzukulwana Boris Petrovich ngokunxulumene ne ukufa ngesiquphe umfazi wakhe nentombi ngo-1768 bagqiba kwelokuba bafudukele eMoscow. Ngoxa elapho, yena kuqala uphuhliso ngelifa. It ukuba ilifa nomfazi wakhe. Kamva, xa unyana wakhe yagqitywa ngokupheleleyo Sheremetyev Ibhotwe e Ostankino. Yena, kwakunye North, yenye amafa wamanyange, kwaye xa kungekho umnini eqeshiweyo ngokuphindaphindiweyo yaye iqhubeka yakhiwe.

Le abenzi bemilingo sobugcisa wokubonelwa kwilifa

Umnini elandelayo welifa eSt Petersburg uba unyana ka-Peter UNikolai Borisovich. Okokuqala, umnini omtsha bakhetha ukuhlala e Moscow, kunqabile ukutyelela impahla yabo wasentla. Noko ke, ngo-1796 waya kuhlala eSt Petersburg. Phantsi kolwalathiso wezakhiwo I. E. Starova uqala i uphuculo ebonakalayo ngaphakathi endlwini kwi Fontanka. UNikolai Petrovich yaba fan enkulu lemidlalo yaseqongeni. Kwindawo yokubonela, abadlali, oko yayiququzelelwe ebhotwe apho wawusebenza njengenqaba. Wada wanikela inkululeko yakhe, yaye ngowe-1801 watshata enye abadlali bayo, Kovalevoy Praskove Ivanovne. Ngexesha lakhe Manor yomiwo ngokutsha baxoxa Quarenghi kunye Voronikhin. Ngomhla kummandla welifa xa Besuka Garden inkundla kunye nendlu yasehlotyeni kunye nendlu buyo.

"Ukuze siphile for akhawunti Sheremetyevsky"

Emva kokufa UNikolai Petrovich ngo-1809, ilifa wegqitha kunyana wakhe nguDmitry, ngelo xesha wayeneminyaka emithandathu kuphela ubudala. Oku kudala lwebhodi yabaphathi ekhokelwa umgcini oyintloko MI donaurov. Uyaqhubeka ngokutsha esebenzayo: kwi imi--1810-20 kubonakala zokubhala, Fountain, amaphiko esibhedlele kunye nomculo. Ababhali yeprojekthi ke H. laseNovo kunye D. Kvardi. Xa Dmitrii Nikolaeviche, abalungiselelayo-Calvary webutho, iindwendwe rhoqo ebhotwe ke asebenza umniniyo, kukho ibinzana elithi "ukuphila akhawunti Sheremetyevsky". Kukwakho kwakudla igcisa Kiprensky Pushkin. Ngowe-1837 ubalo wokubopha kono mfani-nye abantu imbeko uKumkanikazi ekukruqulayo Sergeevnoy. Ukususela kule umtshato ngo-1844, unyana, Sergei. Ngowe-1838, phezu ilifa kukho ucingo uphose-nesinyithi kunye nesango zinokuhonjiswa ngumfuziselo Libalulekile Sheremetev. Lomhleli J. D. Corsini, owayesebenza iminyaka engamashumi kwilifa, ngokupheleleyo ngokutsha zonke izakhiwo ebhotwe. Kule 1840s, endaweni yayo kukho iphiko igadi. estate ezingeyomfuneko iye yaba yenye yeendawo ezininzi ezityelelwe kwikomkhulu. It zinginginya ebusuku zomculo ukuba banxibe intsebenzo yabo Glinka, Berlioz, Liszt, Schubert. NguDmitry Nikolayevich lokuqala iqabane usweleka ngobuthi 1849. kweminyaka elishumi kamva, ngowe-1859, watshata okwesibini. kuvela ukukhanya, unyana ka-Alexander. By the Sheremetev Palace ngo 1867 kuqhuba iphiko North. Umbhali yeprojekthi - N. L. Benua.

Sergey nombono wakhe welifa

Ngowe-1871, Graf Dmitriy Nikolaevich uyafa. Ngenxa yoko le ukwahlulwa kwepropati Sheremetievskiy Palace ufumana ilifa Sergey Dmitrievich. Ngowe-1874, xa ilifa kukho ukwakha kwemi-omtsha (umyili AK Serebryakov). Ngomhla inxalenye izindlu zokuhlala Foundry emibuzo neememo yakhiwe, inxalenye ngaphambili kwi Fontanka - 34 zishiywe zingatshintshanga. Ukuqala zenkulungwane yamashumi amabini, igcinwe phantsi umqondiso kukwaphulwa. Ukutshatyalaliswa GROTTO, Hermitage, Isango Garden, The Orangery, gazebo Chinese. Arenas kunye nezitali kukho kwakhona kwiHolo Theatre - ngoku Theatre Drama kwi Foundry. Kubonakala ngowe-1914 bali-amabini eminqubeni zorhwebo (umyili M. Krasovsky).

Emva kokuba revolution

Kweli xesha post-revolution Sheremetievskiy Palace yanikwa Sergey Dmitrievich ziyisebenzise lorhulumente omtsha. Kwenye amaphiko ayo ukususela embindini ka 1924 ukuya 1952 baphila A. A. Ahmatova. Inxalenye ephambili ezakhiwo redone. 1931, imyuziyam lalikhona apha. Sheremetev Ibhotwe ngo-1984, wamkela Research Institute of Arctic Antarctic. Ngenxa yokuba ukusetyenziswa ngokungafanelekanga kunye yokunyamekela ngaphakathi kwiiholo ezilahlekileyo ubungangamsha nobuhle, kwaye ezinye izakhiwo ezingaphandle baye baba neeflethi zokuhlala. Ekupheleni kwenkulungwane yama-20 ngokuthe ngcembe waqalisa ukutshintsha isimo sengqondo kwigama. Sheremetev Palace zokubuyiselwa izalwe. Eyona njongo iphambili yale siganeko lokuphinda-gqaba kwenkulungwane XVIII. Lo mboniso yokuqala Sheremetev Palace wanikwa imiboniso ukubayinxalenye kusapho abanini wezindlu. Phakathi kwazo ngemizobo ezikhethekileyo ngokupheleleyo. Apha ingqokelela emifanekiso yobuciko, izixhobo zomculo. Indlu kwi Fontanka, 34 ngokwemveli zinginginya iikonsathi ukucacisa zobugcisa. Ukususela ngowe-1989, wasebenza nje museum A. A. zoncwadi-sisikhumbuzo Ahmatovoy. Oko ukusungulwa kwigumbi umsebenzi wembongi. Thaca kuluntu iincwadi zayo, iifoto kunye nezinto zobuqu. Ngowe-2006, kwiqonga kwi Sheremetyev Palace, ilitye lesikhumbuzo ku A. A. Ahmatovoy. Umqala wamantla ayo yaba lixesha ungqamane isikhumbuzo wamashumi omane ngokufa wembongi.

Enikeza Sheremetievskiy Palace?

Umculo Museum, ibekwe endlwini Manor, uye ezindaweni zayo lokuqokelelwa yayingubhazabhaza izixhobo zakudala. Kucingwa enye intle kwihlabathi. Le ngqokelela iquka izixhobo ezikhethekileyo owadalwa iinkosi Russian kanye zaseYurophu ye-16 - iinkulungwane 18, endingowakhe ukuya Romanov ubukhosi, kwakunye nemiboniso ezikhethekileyo ehlabathini lonke, nto leyo akukho analogue. Kwakhona kule myuziyam kukho iintsimbi Russian kunye neekopi ukusungulwa lwezixhobo ezahlukeneyo ngezinto zakudala. Tyelela i-museum kuba ngaphakathi sikhokelo Iihambo ngemihla ukuthatha indawo apho. Zihloko ukuba zahlukahlukene kakhulu. Umzekelo, kwi-sikhokelo uhambo "Sheremetiev" ungafunda okuninzi malunga igama umakhi, ubomi babo kunye nekamva lethu. Kukho nezinye iinkqubo. Umzekelo, i "Fountain House. Ibhotwe kunye kwilifa." Olu khenketho lunikezelwa ezikhumbuzo bobugcisa Estate kunye indalo yayo. Kwisithuba sikhokelo, unako ukufunda iinkcukacha ezininzi ezibangel 'ubomi komkhulu, umzekelo, omnye ntsomi leyo imizobo F. B. Rastrelli ezazisetyenziswa kuyilo wendlu. Kunjalo, inkoliso ezithathwa ukuthatha indawo Sheremetev Palace, enikelwe umculo: "Ukudaleka izixhobo ikhibhodi", "Umoya Instruments - Folk and professional", "amagama esikhutshwa ukuqokelela izixhobo zomculo" kunye nabanye.

Manor namhlanje

Sheremetev Palace, waye ikratshi izizukulwana ezintlanu kubanini bayo, yentaka intsapho yabo. Ukutyhubela iinkulungwane eziliqela, omnye abanini ukugcina nokwandisa usapho nempahla. Izinto zobugcisa, igalari, imifanekiso antique, ingqokelela Minti kunye izikrweqe, ithala leencwadi osisityebi - oku uluhlu olupheleleyo into abanini ziye belilelakhe ilifa de 1917. Sheremetev Palace, ifoto leyo uchazwe apha ngasentla, ukuba iinkulungwane eziliqela yindawo iintlanganiso yengqondo. Namhlanje, uye bungalahleki kwesinomhlwa ngobukhulu bawo ngaphambili, kwaye uyaqhubeka ukutsala izigidi zabantu.