Shadoof eYiputa yamandulo: inkcazelo, ukubaluleka

Iintsalela zomyezo eyayikho eYiputa yamandulo, kukho imithombo gqitha ukuba uxelele ngembali yehlabathi lamandulo, kuluntu lwanamhlanje. Esokuqala sifumaneka kwisiza zakudala of Imizobo ezinomtsalane kunye imibhalo.

Abaphandi bafumana ezininzi esekelwe akwi ubukumkani Entsha (2 amawaka. BC), obonisa zaseYiputa ulawulo amafama amanzi omlambo usebenzisa indlela ebizwa ngokuba "shadoof". E Egypt yamandulo, oko oye wadlala indima ebalulekileyo kuphuhliso horticulture kwi imozulu kwakunzima enjalo ngokoma.

iigadi umYiputa: iziphumo zophando

iziphumo ezininzi zakudala zisixelela ntoni yocwangciso lwedolophu izakhiwo bamaxesha amandulo, kwakunye namaziko zokunkcenkceshela. Kulo mba ingqalelo ekhethekileyo ihlawulwe ukufunda indawo wemihadi kunye nomhlaba lwezondlo ukuba unako ukwenza izigqibo ezibalulekileyo malunga utyani ngaloo maxesha.

Ukwakhiwa kwezitiya bafika umda kakhulu kwi zebhola nophuculo yamandulo Upper Egypt - isixeko uAmoni (ngoku Luxor). Ngelo xesha, zakhiwa khona kwaye wadala Villas zodidi zizityebi esasinamabhotwe, amachibi fairytale kunye neegadi zasezulwini, engqongwe ziindonga eziphakamileyo.

Zonke ezi zifundo ukubonelela ngezinto ezibalulekileyo, enika isishwankathelo iigadi bamaYiputa kunye neendlela ukunkcenkceshelwa kwezityalo. Ezantsi siqwalasela intsingiselo yegama elithi "shadoof". E Egypt yamandulo, le ndlela iye yaba kakhulu indima ebalulekileyo kubomi babantu.

sezulu waseYiputa

Imozulu kummandla waseYiputa yamandulo isoloko ezingentle ngenxa ukulima kunye nezolimo. Lubonakala ngenxa yokunqaba kwemvula, olulophu umoya ithwele kwentlabathi scratchy. Ngokuphathelele obu bomi kwenzeka kuphela Valley umNayile. Kodwa oko akuzange, kwakufuneka yokunkcenkceshela olongezelelweyo ngumntu.

Ukuze ezi njongo, wakha amaqula, apho amanzi kufunxwa inkqubo nendwe (lever), kwakunye majelo abakhethekileyo ndiyakhele yokunkcenkceshela.

Yintoni shadoof eYiputa yaMandulo: Inkcazo

ukubaluleka iigadi enkulu eYiputa yamandulo. Baye Kwakufuneka ingakumbi kwiinyanga zasehlotyeni ezishushu, njengoko wadala okusindisa umthunzi. Wasinda nkqu iirekhodi ezinjalo imibhalo yamandulo yabemi iintlekele, ezifana: "Yena waba sisweli - ke akukho umthunzi."

izinto Ukwakhela ukwakhiwa shadoofs aye athi ndii kwezi nkalo sandstones kunye limestones, kwakunye lenyengane pink, neyaspisi, diorite kunye abomvu.

Shadoof eYiputa yaMandulo - enye ezibaluleke kakhulu kwithuba uBukumkani New kule meko. Esi sakhiwo lokumpompa, njenge kakuhle-crane.

Esi sixhobo kwakuba sokunqika yayo eqingqiweyo phakathi enezintlu ezi-2 nkqo. On ekupheleni elifutshane kuyo mna eqhotyoshelweyo umthwalo, kwaye xa isikhongozeli eside likhona (emele) ezenziwe esundu. Ukusuka apho amanzi ahanjiswa kungena amabhakethi kwi iidyokhwe okanye amanzi neentsuba zezintsu iigusha.

Irrigation kwamabala kunye neegadi

I eyodwa indlela ibalulekileyo xa lilifa wabucala abalimi baloo maxesha - shadoof. E Egypt yamandulo, kunye uMlambo umNayile na zasekwa izakhiwo ezininzi ezinjengezo. Noko ke, ukuba wehla umgangatho wamanzi umlambo, kukho ezinye iingxaki kunye ukunyuka ngamanzi. Kamva yenziwe efanayo kodwa ephuculweyo ephakamisa amanzi emasimini - "Archimedes ujije" (le ukufakelwa kwezixhobo kumanqanaba awohlukeneyo) banceda lula le nkqubo. Wayila zithengwa ukusetyenziswa ekwabelwana (enye kwiilali ezimbini-ntathu).

Ukwenzela ukuba kube lula yonkcenkceshelo, iigadi yokutyala babekwa kufuphi emaquleni, ngokufuthi ngokukodwa wadala le njongo. Amanzi avela kula ngasemijelweni egcwele amachibi eyenzelwe ukunkcankcashela imithi kunye neentyatyambo. Nje ngokuba embe kwamanzi bakhonza isixhobo eyenziwe ngumntu - shadoof.

Egypt yamandulo idume izitiya zawo omangalisayo. Baba ithandwa kwaye kwabantu kweli lizwe. Zokuthi evela onkcenkceshelwayo iigadi gadi ukwanda-ntle yaseYiputa yaba isakhiwo eluhlaza kunye kwamachibi mihle, iintyatyambo ezintle, imifanekiso, iindawo ezisemagqabini imithi yeziqhamo kunye iintlobo ngeentlobo zezityalo. Ezi sayithi buvele ingqubekile kufutshane iitempile, amabhotwe obutofotofo magnificent zamaYiputa ityebileyo.