Umhla Key yeMfazwe yeSibini yeHlabathi: Battle of Stalingrad, itanki idabi Prokhorovka, imfazwe Kursk

Ekuqaleni kwehlobo ka-1941, yaye ngakumbi kanye ngoJuni 22 kunye ukungcatshwa yokuthengisa German kweMfazwe Yehlabathi II. Hitler kunye namaqabane akhe wadala isicwangciso "Barbarossa", ebinezinto USSR koyiswa ngoko nangoko. Uxwebhu sasayinwa ngomhla we-18 Disemba 1940.

Ngamnye kuthi kufuneka sikhumbule umhla esisiseko Second World War, kwaye ukudlulisela olu lwazi ebantwaneni. Ekuqaleni kwembambano umkhosi waseJamani yaba kakhulu ehlabathini. Wasebenza ngaxeshanye kumacala amathathu kwaye kwafuneka ukuba kuthathwe ngokukhawuleza aseBalti, iLeningrad, Kiev ne eMoscow.

Ukuhlasela ekhohlisayo

Agasti 23, 1939 usayine isivumelwano non-ndlongo phakathi kwamazwe amabini - Germany kunye USSR. Abanye ababhali-mbali bakholelwa ukuba wanceda ukuqala iingxabano yasemkhosini.

Ngokutsho ngesivumelwano, la mazwe mabini kwafuneka kuthatha naliphi uchuku, kokubini ngokuzimeleyo kwaye ubuhlobo kunye namanye amagunya. Iikontraki zange kufuneka ukuxhasa imbumba, nto leyo enokubandakanya amanye amazwe, ukuba izicwangciso zabo izenzo zomkhosi sibhekiswe Germany okanye eSoviet Union. Abasayinayo baba:

• ukusuka eSoviet Union - Vyacheslav Molotov;
• kwicala yaseJamani - nguJoachim von Ribbentrop.

Ngengomso emva kokugqitywa sivumelwano, iJamani yahlasela iPoland.

Kutheni ayiphumelelanga isicwangciso "Barbarossa"?

Zonke engqongwe uHitler wayesazi ukuba icwangciselwe ukuba zifake i-USSR. Umthetho ukuphuhlisa isicwangciso ukuba zifake i ifunyenwe General Marks. Wabanika iinketho ezimbalwa Hitler. Kutheni ayiphumelelanga isicwangciso "Barbarossa"? intelligence German ngokungachanekanga kuhlolwa namandla wamajoni USSR kunye isimo salo Red Army. Ngokutsho kwakhe, umzekelo, eSoviet Union wenziwe izihlandlo ezintandathu ngaphantsi iipleyini zemfazwe, kunokuba ngempela.

qala ukulwa

Belarus, Ukraine kunye kwiBaltic ithi ubunzima ukusuka iziqhushumbisi ngu moya German kuqala. Oku kwenzeka ngo 3:30 kusasa June 22, 1941. Kule ncwadi, zhukov "Iinkumbulo kunye Reflections" kunikelwa amanani ilandelayo. Empini ababandakanyekayo:

• 4950 ukulwa-moya;
• 3712 kwamatanki;
• 153 amaqela German.

Abafundi bezikolo eziphakamileyo bafunde yonke imihla ezisisiseko angels, kodwa inkoliso yabafundi kuchaphazela ekuqaleni kwayo. Yaba ukuphuma elinoxolo Juni 22 - bafundi kubulisa isifingo, siye wathi ndlela-ntle ukuya esikolweni ukulungiselela omdala. Ngamnye kubo izicwangciso namaphupha ukuba Ndohlukana kumatanki German kunye moya. Goebbels waxelela abantu bakhe emfazweni ngo 5:30 kusasa. Waye wafunda ngonyango uHitler ngayo eJamani kanye kunomathotholo.

Brest Fortress - hit yokuqala

Xa siqwalasela zonke umhla WWII ezinkulu, ukuziphendulela inqaba kwisixeko Brest - yinto feat eningenakukholwa wamajoni, iintsapho zabo kunye nabantu nje. imikhosi yaseJamani wangxamela ukuba bathabathe nkqu ngosuku lokuqala imfazwe.

Defense kubanjwe abantu 3,500:

• unit umda 17;
• Unit th 6 no-42 amaqela elihamba th;
• 132 nomkhosi i NKVD.

Brest Fortress kukhululwa amaJamani-28 Julayi 1944.

Ikampu wanqanyulwa Olubomvu Army. Ngenxa kwenkanyamba komlilo zokudubula yatshatyalaliswa lonke unxibelelwano kunye noqhagamshelwano kunye nehlabathi ngaphandle. Kakade ngoJuni 24 amaNazi ngokuyinxenye wayithimba inqaba. Senzekile, azivakalanga kuloo ndawo de Agasti.

Le ukuziphendulela yobuqhawe i Brest Fortress - umzekelo omhle wokuthand'isizwe. May 8, 1965, wanikwa isihloko Hero-Fortress. Ngowe-1971, waba sisikhumbuzo.

impi ESmolensk

Ukususela ngoJulayi 10 ukuya kuSeptemba 10, 1941 wathabatha indawo Idabi ESmolensk. AmaNazi nxamnye Western Front. Xa umkhosi Wesithathu kwakukho amajoni kabini ezininzi ngokuphindwe kane kwamatanki ezininzi. Umsebenzi lwamaNazi ebeza kwaphula wethu Western Front bayityatye, abatshabalalise abantu ukuba sokulwela ESmolensk. Ngale ndlela ke bekufanele ukuba ukucima indlela eya eMoscow.

Battle of ESmolensk - isiganeko WWII apho amaJamani aye aphanza kuba ixesha lokuqala ukusukela ekuqaleni longquzulwano phakathi Germany nase-USSR. amajoni Soviet ngesibindi wasivuna oku ziinyanga ezili-2. Utshaba akazange alindele abanjalo. Oku kuye kwakhokelela ekubeni kubekho ucazululo olupheleleyo lwazo zonke izicwangciso Wehrmacht kaThixo. Endaweni yoko, ukubanjwa ngokukhawuleza eMoscow, utshaba kwanyanzeleka ukuba aye ukuziphendulela yezikhundla zabo.

Capture Ukraine

Nazi Germany ndayibonayo Ukraine ngobuchule into ebalulekileyo. BaseJamani kwakufuneka amalahle, nto leyo geni kwingingqi seDonetsk, Krivoy Rog ekrwada kwakunye lomhlaba wezolimo.

Ukuba sithatha umsebenzi a qhinga, ngoko, sizuze ummandla Ukraine, imikhosi yaseJamani sinokunceda kwicala emazantsi eli iqela oogxa bakhe kuthinjwe eMoscow. Hitler ayikwazanga kuphumelela ngesantya esiphezulu eli lizwe, kodwa i-Red Army kwafuneka ukuba anikezele.

Angels Key isusela emalunga Ukraine:

• Red Army washiya ikomkhulu Ukraine, Septemba 19, 1941.
• imikhosi yaseJamani esaphethe Odessa, Oktobha 16, 1941.
• EKharkov wanikezela-Oktobha 24, 1941

abaphumeleleyo Union

Agasti 14, 1941 imisiwe i-Atlantic Charter - uxwebhu leyo ebekwe iinjongo eziphambili imfazwe nxamnye ithi ngokungenalusini karhulumente. Le ntetho zabanjwa ababekhwele kweso sikhephe yaseBritani "INkosana Wales", nto leyo ethintela e Newfoundland. sibhengezo Ityikitywe, Roosevelt kunye Churchill. ESoviet Union kunye namanye amazwe amaninzi aye wazimanya Atlantic Charter-24 Septemba 1941. Olu xwebhu lomgaqo-nkqubo manyano anti-uHitler wachaza yehlabathi emva kokoyiswa amaNazi waza waba isiseko nokudalwa UN.

Lokuguqulwa ngoFebruwari-2 - Battle of Stalingrad

Le bamba Stalingrad kubalulekile ukuba amaNazi. AmaJamani ayefuna ukufumana endleleni:

• Caucasus (amasimi oyile);
• Yehlisa iVolga;
• Kuban;
• Don.

Kunzima ukucinga ukuba bekuya kuba ukuba imikhosi yaseJamani wayithimba Stalingrad. Ngenxa yoko, nomkhosi ukuba kulahleke enye misele ibalulekileyo lizwe - iVolga River. Kuwo imithwalo evela eCaucasus. Capturing Stalingrad, utshaba wayefuna ukuba kunqumle eSoviet Union ukusuka inxalenye South Central. Ezilikhulu elinamashumi amabini anesihlanu imihla amadabi abaziingwanyalala ukuba umzi, kodwa Stalingrad wasinda. Le ngeziqu waqala July 17, 1942, yaye ekupheleni kobusika 1943 elo (2 Februwari) Stalingrad imfazwe.

Impi yase Kursk

Emva kokoyiswa amaNazi Stalingrad, amajoni aseJamani ziye sabuya yaye efuna ukuziphindezela. Uloyiso oluBomvu Army, wadala iimeko ukugxothwa utshaba evela Ukraine. NgoDisemba 1942, ukukhululwa Donbass.

NgoJulayi 5, 1943 waqala Idabi Kursk, eyathatha iintsuku ezingama-50. Yaphela uloyiso amabutho Soviet. I-Battle of Kursk wenza kube lula ukuba akhulule eKharkov kunye neminye imizi Ukraine:

• Poltava;
• Chernigov;
• zonke Donbass.

Prokhorovka (1943)

Ngehlobo lowe-1943 ngoJulayi 12 e Prokhorovka yaba emfazweni imbi kwimbali. Kwisithuba nje seyure, edabini kwakugcwele iitanki obumbeneyo njengembumbulu, leyo wanamathela kumkhondo edubula de abazange aphuma imoto utshaba. amabutho Soviet ngesibindi wema kulo mlo kunye wavala sotshaba indlela eya Kursk.

Isiphelo War: Interesting Facts

imikhosi German wanikezela ngoMeyi 9, 1945 at imizuzu 00:43 - ke uloyiso, isiganeko esikhulu kwesesibini kwiMfazwe yeHlabathi. Lalawo kwimbali ye-USSR longquzulwano zomkhosi yathatha iintsuku 1418. 9 May at 22:00 kwi umqondiso koyisa wanika njengokukhahlela evela kwinani elikhulu lemipu eMoscow.

Lo mhla ekupheleni Second World War, kodwa longquzulwano yasemkhosini na ke ekupheleni kwehlabathi. Kwabakho isivumelwano umfelandawonye, leyo kwafuneka ukuba bafeze. NgoAgasti 8, umkhosi Soviet baqalisa ukuba balwe eJapan. Ngxabano iiveki-2. amajoni Soviet yisiwe naseManchuria enamandla Kwantung Army.

Ngokutsho maxwebhu, i yiSoviet Union yaba kwimo ngxabano zomkhosi eJamani de kuJanuwari 1955, ngokukhawuleza nje ukuthula zange utyikitye isivumelwano soxolo.

Musa ukulibala umhla eziphambili WWII - oko luxanduva ngamnye kuthi kwabo ilwelwe ilizwe lethu. I-Second World War kwabulawa abantu abazizigidi 65 kwihlabathi jikelele. Khumbula ukuba kufuneka wenze into embi kakhulu zange wachukumisa uluntu.