Protein yeyona nto ibalulekileyo, nto leyo eyinxalenye plasma yegazi

Ixabiso yegazi ayikwazi nemikhuba. Le ulwelo idibana ngokupheleleyo amalungu abalulekileyo nezihlunu, kwaye ovelisa iimveliso inkunkuma yokutya emzimbeni. Kungenxa iseli nganye igazi emzimbeni unako ikhona ngokupheleleyo.

Igazi ubunjwe ngaphezu kwesiqingatha plasma. Plasma - ulwelo eliqulethe ukunqunyanyiswa kwiiseli - zenza up malunga neshumi ekhulwini plasma. Ukubunjwa plasma yegazi lo zahlukeneyo kakhulu - ukuba acid asidi kunye peptides, yibilirubin, creatine, kunye nezinye inclusions ezininzi. Ukongeza, ukwakhiwa plasma yegazi iqulethe iiproteni - omnye weyona milenze ibaluleke gqitha.

Kuxhomekeka isakhiwo zabo, iiprotheni bohlulwa babe ngamaqela - na albumin, lwefibrinogen, globulin kunye prothrombin. Bonke bephela bayinxalenye plasma yegazi, lo gama ekuqhubeni imisebenzi eyahlukeneyo. Plasma Imisebenzi igazi leyo baninzi kakhulu, kucetyiswa ukuba ukutofelwa igazi xa uqhaqho. Kakhulu plasma kunokumnceda umntu odinga ukutofelwa.

I ezininzi kakhulu phakathi lonke albumin protein. Kulula kakhulu (zincinane isiphumlisi zonke izinto), ngoko kulula ukuba ukuthutha lidibanise kunye nezinye izinto. Albumin esibindini. Uhlobo yesibini ngobukhulu kweziyi - globulin, ezo kwakhona eveliswe isibindi. ngaphantsi kakhulu plasma lwefibrinogen wafumana - ibe malunga amane ekhulwini kuphela, kodwa nakuba kunjalo kubaluleke kakhulu ukuba iinkqubo ezininzi zokhuselo. Beliqela isuntswana igazi iqulethe prothrombin.

Iiproteni zifakiwe kwi-plasma yegazi, enze imisebenzi eyahlukeneyo. Ngenxa kubo yosasazo lwamanzi phakathi ancedisana imithambo yegazi, apho kuhlala rhoqo medium engamanzi, iiseli zibonelela izondlo "zicocwe" kwimveliso pathways, inkunkuma hayi efanelekileyo eziphilayo. Ukongeza, iiprotheni othatha inxaxheba ngokhuseleko umsebenzi.

Albumin agcine uxinzelelo osmotic of wegazi. Oku kuthetha ukuba banoxanduva efanelekileyo incindi uxinzelelo lwegazi kwenyeindawo nganye emzimbeni. Ukuba yinxalenye albumin egazini uyawa, oko kunokukhokelela kususwe engamanzi kunye nokusekwa nokudumba (umzekelo ocacileyo ukuthoba izinga albumin - kwisiqingatha sesibini lokukhulelwa yokukhulelwa). Omnye umsebenzi obalulekileyo albumin - ezothutho kwezinto ezahlukeneyo. Albumins kugqithiselwa izondlo ezibalulekileyo kunye ityhefu ukuba bangabi liqumrhu sisibindi.

Globulin kakhulu inoxanduva omzimba lomzimba, agglutination (agglutination ukukwazi erythrocytes ukuba, yaye ngaloo ndlela ezimisele lwegazi).

Prothrombin ile lwefibrinogen usinika umlinganiselo of viscosity kwegazi, nto leyo ibaluleke kakhulu, ngenxa yokuba izinga eliphezulu lokusweleka kwi kumazwe post-eSoviet kungenxa izifo sentliziyo. I-plasma yegazi ichaphazela kakhulu isakhono imithambo yegazi kunye intliziyo ukuthuthwa ngokupheleleyo igazi wonke umzimba. prothrombin ezizezi kwaye ukutshintsha viscosity, yaye ngaloo ndlela kuchaphazela ukukwazi kweenqanawa ukuba kulula ukuba athwale igazi ngawo umzimba.

Lwefibrinogen - nokuthatha inxaxheba kwinkqubo ekunqandeni. Kungenxa ngokuthi kwakhiwe lwefibrinogen of imisonto fibrin, nto leyo ibe lihlwili - lihlwili. Xa ivula, ukopha ifuthe lwefibrinogen kwaye onqanda egazi igazi, nangokhwekhwe (ukuba inxeba phezu komhlaba umngxuma). Eli ekunqandeni amandla igazi ukugcina umzimba ukulahleka igazi ebalulekileyo. Noko ke, abanye abantu bayahlupheka ukusuka ezifana nesifo esifunyenwe - lulungiselele egazi. Ukuba X chromosome ithwala ukwahluleka ulwazi, oko kunokubangela kulahlekelwa kwimingxilo fibrin, kwaye, ngenxa yoko, kukungakwazi ihlwili ukwakhiwa. Le isiphako omnye umzekeliso ukuba zibaluleke kangakanani na umsebenzi lwefibrinogen, njengoko sokopha bentshontsho ukufa ngenxa yokulahlekelwa igazi umonakalo encinane.

Ukubunjwa plasma ezahlukeneyo, kodwa iiprotheni badlala msebenzi ubalulekileyo. Kuba indoda kubalulekile ukuba iimvavanyo rhoqo ukuqinisekisa isixa macandelo iiproteins kunye, xa kukho imfuneko, thatha amanyathelo ukuze homeostasis kwindawo yegazi.