Potr Nikolaevich Krasnov: biography kunye nemisebenzi

Pet Nikolaevich Krasnov - iseliswelekile, hayi kanye mandithi, kubalulekile ukukhumbula ukuba interweaving ngempumelelo eqine lomlinganiswa, ukuveza umsebenzi eqaqambileyo emkhosini, kunye nohlobo bokuyila, nto leyo eyenza ukuba abe ngumbhali yenethiwekhi owaziwayo. Ukuzinikela kwimicimbi emkhosini njengoko oko, bemka naye ekuthinjweni, apho italente yakhe zoncwadi yachuma.

Indaba ocacisa

biography Mfutshane Petra Krasnova ingavezwa kumagama ambalwa - asebukhosini, lo anobukroti nenkalipho emkhosini, ngokuqinisekileyo "intshukumo White" kunye yokushiywa, uvavanyo lesiphoso lwamaNazi nokufa. Kodwa phakathi kwezi milestones igazi zenkulungwane yama-20, ababethwala ubomi babantu kumacala ahlukeneyo ngothango, leyo reshapes yonke ngamazwe kunye nezizwe, ngamnye abathathi-nxaxheba benza obomi. Kwaye kulo lonke ubomi kwinkulungwane yamashumi amabini esingxamisekileyo efunekayo kuloo mntu ukwenza ukhetho. Pet Nikolaevich Krasnov, wenze le ukhetho kanye, wahlala ethembekile de kube sekupheleni.

imithi Family

Wohlanga uPyotr Krasnov, ogama biography lizele iziganeko eqaqambileyo, wazalwa eSt Petersburg ngowe-1869, yena sofuzo Don Cossack yaye elilungu elalini Vyoshenskaya usapho Cossack edumileyo, ethi ibekwe kwinxalenye esemantla kummandla Rostov. Ukongeza ngokumba emkhosini iitalente ilifa, le ntsapho wabonakalisa iitalente zoncwadi. I-St Petersburg Krasnovs endala umphathiswa yokuqala usiba waba utatomkhulu uPyotr Nikolayevich - Ivan Ivanovich. Walwa eCaucasus kunye uyazilawula iiyunithi Cossack ye-Imperial Guard. Krasnov umkhulu wabhala umbongo, kwakunye nemisebenzi zembali ngenkcazo, umzekelo, isitshixo i "ezantsi kunye Cossacks ekhwele," "Little baseRashiya kwi-Don", "Don Cossacks eCaucasus" kunye nabanye.

Uyise UNikolai wonyuselwa ukuba uLieutenant General kwi imikhosi Cossack. Akukho ngaphantsi ophum baba besesithathu isizukulwana. Zombini abazalwana Peter Nikolaevich wenza imbali. Andrei waba edumileyo wayengusosayensi sebhayoloji-yingcaphephe ngezityalo nengcaphephe yezinto umhambi. Platon Nikolaevich wayesebenza malunga nokubhala, yena nomini ngqo Alexander Blok - waye watshata ukuba umakazi wembongi edumileyo Catherine Beketova-Krasnova, nayo umbhali.

iminyaka yokufunda

Xa ndandineminyaka eyi-11, ukuba ithe yaphawulwa ngo-High School First St. Petersburg. Wayefunda kwibanga wesihlanu, waya emkhosini kwi-Alexander yeCadet Corps. Isigaba sokuqala imfundo zomkhosi sigqityiwe elikwisikhundla sobubi-phoyisa, ukuya kwiminyaka-19, uye wagqitywa ngempumelelo isikolo yokuqala wamajoni Pavlovsk. iziphumo azizuzileyo yaba zaqaqamba kangangokuba igama lakhe wangena ngoonobumba igolide phezu slab ibhastile.

Yinto eyaziwayo ukuba naye wangena Academy of Staff Jikelele, kodwa ngenxa yokuba inkqubela usweleyo singqinisisiwe kunyaka wesikolo. Kodwa xa wayeneminyaka engama-39, waphumelela esikolweni amagosa akhwele amahashe.

Ukuqala umsebenzi wakhe wamajoni

inkonzo Military Pet Nikolaevich Krasnov waqalisa minyaka imashumi mabini elikwinqanaba lesigodlo xa wabelwa kwi Ataman webutho, lokuba yindlalifa Tsarevich. Emva konyaka, yena abhalisela kwi webutho. Ngowe-1897, e-Abyssinia (ngoku Ethiopia) ejongene uthumo Russian oonozakuzaku, wonogada leyo ekhokelwa Krasnov Pet Nikolaevich, ogama engobomi na kule xesha ngokupheleleyo iindawo ezahlukeneyo exotic yomhlaba kunye twist elingu wekamva.

Emva konyaka, wenza utshintsho nzima imeyile phakathi komzi umntla-Afrika ukunikezela iphepha, ngoko ke indlela ubuncinane esingenakuzibona eSt Petersburg. Le igosa hambo Ndandithandana udumo elikhulu yaye wazisa amabhaso ezininzi: i-Order of Stanislaus isidanga sesibini, igosa niwele inkwenkwezi elingumTiyopiya isidanga lesithathu kunye IMbasa iButho Bekani of France.

Imizamo yokuqala ekubhaleni

imisebenzi yakhe yokuqala Pet Nikolaevich Krasnov sipapasha eneminyaka engama-22. fiction kwakhe nezinto kwithiyori yasemkhosini baqalisa ukuba kuvela rhoqo ndaba neemagazini. Ngokukodwa, phakathi kwabantu bokuqala yemisebenzi yakhe ziyakwazi ukuchongeka iincwadi ezifana "Idike", "Ataman Platov" kunye nabanye. Ngokunikela ubomi bakhe indlela emkhosini ngokupheleleyo, yena nemisebenzi yakhe ngokungaguqukiyo wavusa umxholo emkhosini, wathetha malunga Don Cossacks iinkalo zobomi. Kwaye, kakade, uzibaxa izinto kakhulu.

zobuqhawe bakhe ngexesha i uhambo Afrika wafumana ngohlobo lwemibongo zobugcisa. Emva ukubuya kwakhe, yena ngoko nangoko wabhala iincwadi ezimbini: "I Cossacks e-Afrika:. Diary of the oyiNtloko we-Russian komlawuli lori mission e Abyssinia ngo-1897 - 1898gg" ". Uthando Abyssinian kunye namanye amabali" Kwaye

Kokubuya Afrika, watshata uLydia Fedorovna GruÈneisen Russianised intombi uCeba State.

Inkonzo e pre-revolution Russia

Ukongeza inxaxheba ngqo ubudlova, Krasnov Pet Nikolaevich, kwincwadi engobomi bomntu elifutshane ibekwe apha, uye ngokuphindaphindiweyo wenza njengoko othile imfazwe. Kule sikhundla, yena inxaxheba kwi inboxer Imvukelo e China, ngcono eyaziwa ngokuba inboxer Imvukelo, ezenzeka ukususela 1898 ukuya kwiminyaka-1901. Emva koko wathunyelwa naseManchuria, China, India ne Japan ukufundisisa iimpawu embalwa yobomi babo.

Kwakhona kwixwebhu iziganeko longquzulwano Russian-Japanese-1904 - 1905gg. Njengoko umkhosi iye kunikwa amanqaku ezininzi agqamileyo: i-Order of St. Anna weqondo yesine St. Vladimir besigaba sesine. I koMlawuli Nicholas II Amangenelo wafumana ingxelo ngayo ngoJanuwari 3, 1905, apho intloko karhulumente ichaza yena oluninzi iintetho ezinomdla imfazwe ngayo. Wayesebenza kunye namaphephancwadi "invalids imfazwe", "Scout" kunye nabanye.

Emva kwemfazwe, waqala ukukhula kakhulu ngokukhawuleza kule nkonzo. Ngowe-1906 waba unyuselwe injengele makhulu Ataman webutho, nonyaka kamva - Captain, kamva - amajoni nguSajini. Ngowe-1910 wafumana isikhundla sikhulu. Emva konyaka wamiselwa wabayalela aseSiberia kuqala, uze emva koko Don Cossack webutho.

Ngaxeshanye, oko ephuhlisa kakhulu ngononophelo, yaye umsebenzi wakhe wokubhala. Ngenxa yoko, i-Japanese War, wapapasha incwadi zembali "The Year of War. iinyanga ezingama-14 ngexesha lemfazwe: Izincoko kwi Russian-Japanese War "kunye neminye imisebenzi yohlobo olufanayo uncwadi wobuzwe. Ukongeza, wabhala kunye nezinto zobugcisa. Kubalulekile ukuphawula ukuba livelise imisebenzi ngaphezulu kwama-600 ezahlukeneyo njenge yekhasi, kwaye obugcisa kunye nembali phambi October Revolution.

KwiMfazwe yeHlabathi yokuQala Revolution

Ekuqaleni kwemfazwe, yena umphathi webutho uthunyelwe Agasti 1914 e- East Prussia. Yaye kwiinyanga ezintathu kamva bayonyuselwa baye kwinqanaba jikelele ezinkulu kwaye ufake isigxina lokuQala Brigade of the Don Cossack, ngoko ke abaseAfrika Native-Calvary Division. Ngelo xesha ke wawongwa iingalo eSt George kaThixo. NgoMeyi 1915, yena wawongwa Order of St. George iqondo yesine imisebenzi ukulwa ngempumelelo kule ndawo ye Dniester River, apho bakwazi ukulahla Austrians phesheya komlambo. Ngowe-1916 yena uhlatywe kakhulu.

Ukuchitha lonke ixesha de kube yokuqala kaFebruwari Revolution of 1917, imiphambili imfazwe, i Cossack ngqwayi, Jikelele Krasnov Pet Nikolaevich wasabela mdibi yokuqala ingacaci kwaye kakubi ivavanye iintshukumo Provisional kaRhulumente. Kwezopolitiko, akazange inxaxheba. Noko ke, waba ngomnye kwabambalwa owaxhasa uAleksandr Kerensky emva revolution yamaBolshevik. Kanye ezandleni iiBolsheviks, basaba baya Don, apho abekuhambisa yenkcaso echasene norhulumente Cossacks yena. Njengoko isikhulu Grand Don Army, idala umfelandawonye woMlawuli eJamani UWilhelm II. Kodwa ngokoyiswa Germany abangela ukuba ayiyeke ingcamango Don-Caucasus Union. Wavuma ukuya ngaphantsi ngokupheleleyo Anton Denikin, ukudibanisa wokuzithandela Army wakhe. Ngowe-1919 Denikin, Krasnov kunyanzeleke ukuba ukurhoxa ngenxa yokungafani yeengcinga nezopolitiko.

Eqonda ukuba ayisekho yayinempahla nantoni eRashiya, eRashiya ngasekhohlo kongomisiweke eka Estonia kwi Army General North-Western UNikolai Yudenich. Waba intloko yomkhosi, "Neva buthelezi" phephandaba. umhleli lwayo dumile umbhali Russian Alexander Kuprin.

izwe

Ngowe-1920 bathutha eJamani, kwiminyaka emithathu kamva waya kuhlala eFransi. Kuloo minyaka, kubakho nje iliza lokuqala yokushiywa. Kwizangqa ezahlukeneyo inani elikhulu lamagosa awayefudukele ayenza igama "White Russia", Krasnov Pet Nikolaevich waqalisa imisebenzi esebenzayo zezopolitiko nezentlalo. Uye ubambisene nemibutho efanelekileyo yokushiywa Russian, kuquka Russian All-Military Union. Ukongeza, ukuba ilungu le-Higher Council of neNgonyama. Yena, ingakumbi, wenza njengoko omnye wabaseki "Abazalwana of Russian Wenyaniso". Lo mbutho ndiziphethe loku- esebenzayo in Soviet Russia. Noko ke, kamva kwacaca ukuba isakhiwo yalawulwa ekuqaleni liCandelo Political State (GPU) of the NKVD.

Enye iinkokeli intshukumo White yayigqalwa Krasnov Pet Nikolaevich, iincwadi zakhe zithandwa kakhulu kwaye yapapashwa IsiNgesi, French, isiJamani, Russian kunye nezinye iilwimi zaseYurophu. Iminyaka engaphezu kwamashumi zokuphila ekuthinjweni, uye bapapasha iincwadi ezimalunga nama-40. zingahlukaniswa phakathi kwabo ngokukodwa, a inoveli woyilo malunga Russian yamaBolshevik elizayo "Kule nenkunzane." Ukongeza, wapapasha inoveli, elithi Philaretus kwiindawo ezine osihloko sithi "Ukususela ukhozi indwe ebomvu."

IMfazwe Yehlabathi II

Ukuziphindezela Ataman uPyotr Krasnov isigqibo ngexesha Second World War kwaye iye ubambisene amaNazi. Ngowe-1943 wavalelwa umyalelo Main Department of Cossack Forces eJamani. Emva kwemfazwe, wanikezela amaNgesi, kodwa yenza iinkokheli zomkhosi obalaseleyo Soviet. INkundla Ephakamileyo Soviet Russia wagwetywa ukufa ngokuxhonywa. Wayeneminyaka eli-77 ubudala.