Policy of Communism imfazwe: emfutshane malunga ngoonobangela, izifundo kunye neziphumo

Ukuze ngendlela ukujongana ukuba umgaqo-nkqubo yobukomanisi imfazwe, ibikukujonga nje ngokufutshane kwi mood zikarhulumente kweminyaka yawo kweMfazwe Civil, kwakunye indawo yamaBolshevik Party ngeli thuba (it inxaxheba kule nkqubo emfazweni kunye norhulumente).

iminyaka 1917-1921 aye ixesha elinzima kwimbali yelizwe lethu. Ngoko ke wenza imfazwe wamagazi kunye ezininzi uhlangothi kunye nezintsonkothileyo imeko neAfrika

Lo mgaqo-nkqubo okulwa ubukomanisi: a emfutshane kwimo CPSU (b)

Kweli xesha linzima, kwiindawo ezahlukeneyo ubukhosi yangaphambili zonke isiqwenga somhlaba yayo balwa contenders ezininzi. Ibutho German; zamandla esizwe zendawo bazama ukwenza imeko zabo phezu emanxuweni ubukhosi (umzekelo, ukubunjwa UNR); imibutho yabantu wasekuhlaleni, umthetho ngoogunyaziwe benqila; Pole, ahlasela ngowe-1919 kwi kwintsimi Ukrainian; White Guard counter-mbuso; Allied kumiswa esandukubakho Entente; kwaye ekugqibeleni, iiyunithi yamaBolshevik. Phantsi kwezi meko, i isitshixo eluncedo koyisa kwakhe ukuzikisa ingqondo ngokupheleleyo imikhosi kunye nokuvuselelwa kwazo zonke izibonelelo ezikhoyo lokoyiswa komkhosi zonke iintshaba. Enyanisweni, oku ngokugaya kwi inxalenye ndawonye naswona a a ubukomanisi yasemkhosini esukelwa CPSU (b) ukusukela kwiinyanga zokuqala ka-1918 ukuya kuMatshi 1921.

Policy of Communism imfazwe: emfutshane malunga nohlobo wolawulo

Ekuhambeni ukuphunyezwa kwalo mgaqo-nkqubo iye yabangela ezininzi kweemvavanyo ezihlabanayo. iingongoma olona le manyathelo alandelayo:

- ukuba imizi yonke leqela le shishino kunye necandelo leebhanki lizwe;

- bodwa karhulumente yorhwebo langaphandle;

- inkonzo yabasebenzi ngenkani yonke nokwazi ukwenza umsebenzi;

- ukulawulwa ukutya. Yiyo le ngongoma liye laba kakhulu kuthiywa abalimi, kuba uvelisa yaxhuzula nogonyamelo olwenziwa okuziinkozo obuxhasa amajoni, indlala umzi. Ukucelwa kunye namhlanje ivame umzekelo inkohlakalo kwiBolsheviks njengoko, kodwa kufuneka kuqatshelwe ukuba ngoncedo ayo enziwe mpuluswa kakhulu iingxaki ukutya yabasebenzi emizini.

Policy of Communism imfazwe: a emfutshane abasabela ngayo abantu

Ngeliphandle, ubukomanisi imfazwe yaba yindlela ukunyanzelisa enyanzela inyambalala ukwandisa amandla umsebenzi ngoloyiso kwiBolsheviks. Njengoko sele kukhankanyiwe, ubuninzi ukunganeliseki Russian - umlimi lizwe ngelo xesha - yabangela Ukucelwa. Noko ke, ubulungisa, oko kufuneka kuthiwe ukuba ubuchule efanayo ezisetyenzisiweyo kunye Whites. Kuba sengqiqweni kuloo meko kweli lizwe ukususela yeHlabathi yokuQala kunye War Civil zitshatyalaliswe ngokupheleleyo amakhonkco zorhwebo zemveli phakathi kwiindawo zasemaphandleni nezasedolophini. Oku kwakhokelela ukuba mbi amashishini amaninzi. Kwakukho ukunganeliseki kunye nomgaqo-nkqubo kweMfazwe kobuKomanisi, nakwiidolophu. Apha, endaweni ukwanda okulindelekileyo yimveliso yabasebenzi kunye sokubuyisela uqoqosho, phezu koko, kwakukho buthathaka yokuziphatha emsebenzini. Ukuthathwa benqwanqwa ezindala kunye (abo ndawonye, kodwa akusoloko abaphathi abaqeqeshiweyo) ezintsha kukhokelele ekwehleni oluqaphelekayo lwamashisini kunye ukuhla ukusebenza kwezoqoqosho.

Isiphumo kweMfazwe Civil: ngokufutshane malunga main

Nangona zonke iingxaki, umgaqo-nkqubo of War Communism nangoku lizaliseke silungiselwe indima yakhe. Noko ke, nangona amaxesha nempumelelo, kwiBolsheviks akwazi ukuqokelela yonke imikhosi nxamnye counter-revolution kwaye ime ekulweni. Kwangaxeshanye, wabiza yeqonga esizwe kwaye uthathela phantsi ukuthembeka CPSU (b) phakathi zaba balimi. Le yokugqibela enjalo ngabantu yaba Kronstadt, owenzeka ngo entwasahlobo ka-1921. Ngenxa yoko, uLenin elaqalisa lenguqu ukuya ebizwa njalo- nkqubo New Economic. Nep ngo-1921 ngokukhawuleza kangangoko kunokwenzeka ukunceda ukwakha uqoqosho.