Phawula-ndiyizalele isifo rickettsial: Unyango, Oonobangela, Iimpawu

Izifo ezisulelayo - iqela iimeko zophendlo lwezifo ukuba abanaso kakhulu. Ezi zifo ezibangela kwiintsholongwane ezithile. Zonke izifo aneempawu eqhelekileyo. Ezi ziquka: lwezifo, iindlela yokosulela kunye kubonakaliswa clinical. Enye izifo ezosulelayo yi phawula yesifo. Kukho iintlobo ezininzi kwesi sifo. Dibanisa zonke rickettsioses iimpawu ezifana fever, ukunxila syndrome, sisilonda esidumbileyoesingaphakathi ephambili cutaneous nemithambo kuphazamise. Eyona ndlela yokosulela ezi zifo - ukubasulela. Oko kukuthi, ngenxa ukulunywa zizinambuzane eziqhelekileyo kweemeko ezithile zemozulu.

Inkcazelo ricketsiosis iletha

Phawula-ndiyizalele isifo rickettsial - an ngezifo esosulelayo, luphawulwa obubonakala ulusu, eqhelekileyo vasculitis syndrome kunye ukunxila. Isifo luphawulwa ukubasulela yi ugqithiso. Zifake ezi ntwala usuleleko neentwala. Kukho iinketho ezininzi flow rickettsial. Umahluko omkhulu phakathi kwezi ezimbi na uhlobo gciwane. Ezinye rickettsioses eziqhelekileyo kwiindawo emathafeni nenkqantosi, ngoxa abanye - kwimozulu yetropiki. Kunjalo, zonke ezi ezimbi babe umfanekiso efanayo clinical. isifo umsolwa unokuba iimpawu iimpawu, ngokunjalo ngenxa iimpawu epidemiological. Indlela ephambili uphethwe uvavanyo serological, nto leyo evumela ukufumanisa ngokuchanileyo uhlobo gciwane.

Yintoni rickettsioses?

Njengoko yaziwa, rickettsioses - iqela elikhulu izifo. Bona, lwavakala kulo lonke ihlabathi. Avamise kakhulu zezi ntlobo zilandelayo:

1. prowazekii Rickettsia - le arhente ibangela yesifo. Esi sifo sisasazwa kumda wesangqa-ayenalo (ngokusebenzisa ukulunywa iintwala).
2. typhi Rickettsia - i-arhente causative ngenxa yesifo murine. Yena sisasazwa ukulunywa beempuku kwaye iintakumba.
3. sibirica Rickettsia. Le lwegciwane ibangela sifo e North Asia lwethikh-sithwele isifo rickettsial.
4. burneti Rickettsia. Ngenxa ukungena ka pathogen emzimbeni asakhasayo Q fever. Ithunyelwe izifo ezidluliselwa ngu - ngokusebenzisa ukulunywa amakhalane.
5. Rickettsia orientalis. Njengokuba yangaphambili wobeko izifo rickettsial, le ngezifo sisasazwa kukulunywa tick.

Ukongeza kwezi zifo, kukho izifo ezininzi ezibangelwa iintlobo ezahlukeneyo gciwane.

iimpawu lwesifundo sendyikitya yesifo esasulela rickettsial

Rickettsioses kwahluka nje kuphela kuhlobo arhente, kodwa iimpawu epidemiological. Nangona kakhulu kulo lonke ihlabathi, isifo nganye kwande kwiindawo ezithile. Umzekelo, ubhubhane yesifo, ezikwabizwa ngokuba fever entolongweni okanye inqanawa, njengoko le ngezifo usasazwa ugqithiselwa ngokusebenzisa kukulunywa ziingcongconi eziye ngokubanzi isasazwe phakathi kwabakhonkwixeyo kunye omkhulu. Isifo efanayo, kodwa ngenxa pathogen Rickettsia typhi, ngokufuthi ebhaliswe kwimimandla kunye nemozulu efudumeleyo. Amaxesha amaninzi ifumaneka kwiindawo ezisemaphandleni ngexesha lasehlotyeni.

Phawula-ndiyizalele isifo rickettsial ixhaphake kwi yokuhlala ezi zinambuzane. Eli qela ezimbi ezasulelayo ezifumaneka kumantla Asia, Japan, Australia, intaba. Uninzi izifo rickettsial izifo zoonotic. ichibi esiPhakathi losulelo zithathwa ukuba babe izilwanyana zasendle kunye zasekhaya, iimpuku. iziphathi Ricketsiosis iintlobo ezahlukeneyo amangolwane. Ekubeni ezi zinambuzane azalela ehlotyeni (ngoMeyi-kuSeptemba), izehlo liphuma kakhulu kweli xesha. Amaninzi, usulelo ichaphazela abantu abasebenza ngaphandle (igadi, izitiya zemifuno, amadlelo) kwaye zoqhagamshelwano kunye nezilwanyana.

Imbangela ricketsiosis

arhente Etiological le sifo a silwanyana - rickettsia. Le pathogen ekunokuthiwa iintsholongwane okanye neentsholongwane. Le meko luchazwa kukuba, nangona enjengesakhiwo silwanyana (iintonga okanye cocci), Rickettsia bayakwazi parasitism intracellular. Iarhente causative iyahlozinga kokusingqongileyo. Rickettsia abulawa ukubekwa kumaqondo obushushu aphezulu okanye izibulali. Noko ke, ukuba angaphila ixesha elide kwimozulu ebandayo neyomileyo. Ukongeza transmission ukubasulela indlela, Rickettsia akanakungena emzimbeni ukutofelwa igazi, ukusuka kumama ngexesha lokubeleka. Ngokuba ezinye izifo, eli qela sibonakala kunye nezinye iindlela osulelo. Phakathi kwabo - usuleleko alimentary kunye emoyeni. Izinto ingqondo lwethikh-ebemzele isifo rickettsial, zibandakanya:

1. Qhagamshelana ne izilwanyana zasemaphandleni, izinja.
2. Ukungaphumeleli ukuba bagcine ngococeko lobuqu.
3. Qhagamshelana nabantu abanesifo nabakhi izifo.

iindlela zophuhliso izifo

Isifo iphuhlisa kwiintsuku nje ezimbalwa emva kokuba ukuqaliswa uphawu eluswini. Ixesha okuthatha ixhomekeka kuhlobo arhente kunye omzimba. Xa uphawu iluma ngumbala yasekuhlaleni. Isikhumba uba edematous, hyperemic, isisa kumakishwa. Nokungena kwenzeka ngenxa beqokelela omzimba kwisiza ekuqalisweni kwe yesinambuzane. Ukusuka apho, i-arhente causative - Rickettsia - ukungena ezityeni emithanjeni neendawo. Apho ke bahlale okwethutyana izale. Njengoko ukuba kwiindawo nkovu ke amalungu omzimba, kwandiswe ngokuphawulekayo. Kukho kusebenze nonyebeleziso weseli ukulwa arhente bacteria. Kamva Rickettsia kuwa imithambo yegazi. Bacteremia kwenzeka kanye toksinemiya. Kakhulu echaphazela imithambo yegazi kwesikhumba. Iindonga imithambo yegazi kuphuhlisa indlela yokukrala ezikhokelela utshintsho embi endothelium. Ukongeza, Rickettsia badla ukungena kwi imithambo ngemithambo ebuchotsheni. Ngenxa yoko, baba iimpawu CNS, meningitis, kunye kobuchopho ukuze etsolo ukusilela kwegazi. Indlela losulelo kubangela umfanekiso lwezonyango leengxaki izifo rickettsial tick-umna. ICD-10 - an Ukuhlelwa ngamazwe, ebandakanya zonke izifo. Ngaba Akukho ngaphandle kunye nale usulelo. Ukongezelela, iingxaki ezimbi ezifana ezifana meningitis, kobuchopho, sisilonda esidumbileyoesingaphakathi semithambo, okubhalwe kule ICD-10 ngokwahlukeneyo. Isifo engundoqo A77 khowudi.

Phawula-ndiyizalele isifo rickettsial: iimpawu zesifo

Ngaphandle kwento yokuba rickettsioses chuck zahluke, bonke babelana ibonwa ezifanayo clinical. Ixesha okuthatha, i-avareji leentsuku ukususela-3 ukuya ku 7. Ngokufuthi ukungena of amangolwane eluswini uhlala wenzeka ekuqaleni kwesi sifo. Maxa wambi kukho nokungena ezimakishiweyo lymphadenitis lwengingqi. I-primary kuchaphazela iphawulwa ngetywina kumbindi elona nani ulusu necrosis (brown), kwaye kwimiphetho - hyperemia (Corolla ebomvu). ukunxila syndrome kunye nomkhuhlane zohlobo esisigxina iintsuku 2-3 apha. Isigulane ikhalazela of iingqaqambo zomzimba, ifiva ukuya degrees 39, nobuhlungu bomzimba, ubuthathaka jikelele. ixesha Febrile imalunga 1-2 iiveki. Ukongeza iimpawu ukunxila, ekuqalekeni sifo kubonakala angawokubhuda. Baye ubhalo roseolous-papular. Ekuqaleni, yabangxamayo kwenzeka eziphelweni, yaye kamva kwalutyhutyha emthini. Imvelaphi Skin akawatshintshi. Ezi mpawu luphawulwa lwethikh-sithwele isifo rickettsial. Iifoto ezibonisa cutaneous zingafumaneka kule ncwadi. Irhashalala bahlule phakathi kwabo kubalulekile kakhulu ukuba une ezimbi esosulelayo.

Ikhomba lwethikh ricketsiosis

Yinto kususela kuphela kwiziphumo ze umfanekiso lwezonyango, ukuchonga sifo rickettsial tick-umna. Lokufunyaniswa kwesifo kwaye kufuneka zibandakanye nemvavanyo zaselaborathri. Emva zokugula iimpawu ukuze sifane nezinye izifo ezininzi. Ukwenza ukuxilongwa, ichaza udidi pathogen, kuqhutywa izifundo ze-serological. Phakathi kwabo - .. Linked kulingwa immunosorbent, zincedisana nitrogen, hemagglutination, njl iphinde microscopy igazi, CSF, umchamo kunye infiltrate ehlukanisiwe.

Phawula-ndiyizalele isifo rickettsial: unyango lweNTSHOLONGWANE

Ekubeni sifo igciwane, unyango ifuna ukusetyenziswa antibiotics. Ukulungiselela le njongo sebenzisa amalungiselelo 'Tetracycline "yaye" Chloramphenicol ", kwakunye analogs zabo. Xa indlela kakhulu zesi sifo kufuneka esibhedlele nomonde usulelo esibhedlele. Ukuze ityhefu isisombululo efakwa ka-5% glucose ukuba ascorbic acid. Ukuba bradycardia kufuneka basebenzisa iziyobisi vasopressor. Ezi ziquka amayeza "Atropine", "caffeine". Kwakhona, ekubeni unyango kwangumqondiso - antipyretics, antihistamines. Samakhalane kususwa kunye amashiya. unyango oluthile lwenziwa ngexesha kuphuhliso iingxaki.

ricketsiosis Imiphumela iletha

Kubalulekile ukuqala ngokukhawuleza kangangoko kunokwenzeka ukuba unyango lwe lwethikh-sithwele isifo rickettsial. Imiphumo usulelo ingaba kakhulu. Xa zithe ukuphuhlisa iingxaki zonyango iinkqubo luvo, nokuphefumla kunye sentliziyo. Phakathi kwabo - .. inyumoniya, iphika, meningitis kwaye kobuchopho, myocarditis, njl Kwiingozi ezimasikizi, ukuphuhlisa umothuko ityhefu.

Uthintelo ricketsiosis lwethikh-ndiyizalele

Uthintelo Non-ngqo kuquka ukulwa izinambuzane iimpuku, kwakunye nococeko lomntu. Against yesifo kunye Q fever. Ekuchongeni isifo kuyimfuneko ukuba ukuphilisa igumbi, ngokunjalo kulibhala bonke abantu ababenaye wadibana kumguli. Ukuba uphawu sele angena eluswini, kodwa iimpawu usulelo akubanga savela ukwenza zonyango prophylaxis ngexesha likaxakeka. Faka zintsholongwane "Doxycycline" yaye "Azithromycin".