Painter Kurbe Gyustav: The Life and Umsebenzi

Kurbe Gyustav (1819-1877) - opeyintayo, sanikwa kwetalente enkulu, phantse self-wafundisa. Yena ngabom wanika phezulu indlela academic yokudweba waza waba nguyise ngokoqobo, baye Agqitha aya imisebenzi emva kwexesha naturalism ngqo. ubunzima Lobulumko Gyustav Kurbe photo ogama (ngasentla) kuye kwenziwa kule minyaka yokugqibela yobomi bakhe, ekhangela umntu onengqondo ngubani akazami ukukhangela ngcono kunokuba kunjalo.

ebuntwaneni

Kurbe Gyustav wazalelwa kwidolophu encinane (ngemilinganiselo bethu ezilalini) elinabemi abantu amawaka amathathu e Ornans, kufuphi eSwitzerland. Uyise waphupha ukuba unyana wakhe igqwetha, ngoko wathumela kuye 1837 ukuya kufunda Royal College kwisixeko Besancon, ibekwe kude nekhaya lakhe. Xa ngokokubona kwayo Kurbe Gyustav iqala iiklasi ukupeyinta phantsi kweliso zomfundi kaDavide.

Paris

Kwiminyaka engamashumi amabini, lo mfana iya elikomkhulu, ngelithi ukuphucula ulwazi emthethweni. Kodwa enyanisweni utyelela zocweyo Louvre nobugcisa, apho sele wagqiba ukwenza nto. Kodwa omnye koomasifundisane, wathi ukuma: apho bafundiswa ukupeyinta nudes.

umbukiso

Lo mboniso lokuqala e-Salon Kurbe Gyustav wayiphendula self-mfanekiso inja. Sele ebonakalayo Umbhalo ozimeleyo Kusekho artist yothando okhangela ukuba indlela yakhe. Free, abanekratshi, umfana elizimeleyo kubonisiwe kumqolomba emaweni zasendle. Nge nekratshi cwaka ejonga ngqo kwi kumbukeli. Iliso imalunga icandelo umgca yegolide, ukuze yombonisi kubukrazula kuyo mna. Le ndlela iye abolekwe rhoqo ngokungeyompumelelo abaculi Leonardo. Apha kwakhona, akukho kakhulu ukwazi ukucwangcisa. Kodwa landscape nice nenzolo spaniel buhlungu kunye nombala segolide omdaka festive, kwaye ngokulambisa ebonakalayo ezinzulwini emfanekisweni. Ezinye imisebenzi wegcisa esaluni ayizange yamkelwe.

Arts kunye nepolitiki

IParis bekusoloko yayinepolitiki isixeko. bonke Kuba zahlasela banesifo kunye novalo, kwaye revolution ka-1848 kwaye wayeyithanda Courbet. Yena nabahlobo bakhe waliseka Socialist Club yaye kudala ufuzisela ebantwini. Kodwa ngothango Gustave wahamba. Ngeli xesha, igcisa sele eNetherlands, wazisa umnqweno ecacileyo ukuze ndaphule ngokupheleleyo romanticism. Ukudala ingqiqo entsha esekelwe phezu uthotho lwemizobo, Gyustav Kurbe, ogama imisebenzi yakhatywa nje ngaphambili, ngowe-1849, kuboniswa kwakhona Salon imizobo-7. Emva koko balinganisa kwixesha lokuqala elithi "ngokoqobo", yaye omnye imisebenzi, "emva kwemini Ornans," iphumelele imbasa yegolide yesibini.

"Burial e Ornans" (1849)

Le ngelaphu enkulu umlinganiselo ezingaphezu kwezintathu eemitha ubude kunye nokuphakama ngaphezu kwesiqingatha umzobi Gyustav Kurbe enikelwe omnye omkhulu zakhe. Amanani kwi ngelaphu wenza ubukhulu phantse zendalo. Zonke bendawo azama ukufumana umfanekiso-enkulukazi. Ibonisa nokucula, kunye nombingeleli, kwaye usodolophu esixekweni, yaye abantu iingubo zokuzila emnyama. accents Umbala zenziwa abefundisi ezimhlophe kwaye bomvu-anxibe iingubo ezinde. Encomekayo wayehlonelwa kuphakanyiswa ngaphezu abantu bemi Umnqamlezo kwisiqalo. Ngesakhiwo kakhulu prosaic, kodwa umdla kulo mfanekiso imifanekiso yabantu owadala Courbet, ephakama nentetho equkayo. Ugxininise inkqubo yokungcwaba, hayi izenzo ubukho emva kwexesha okanye post-wokufa komphefumlo, ngumzobi wazibonakalisa a realist epheleleyo.

na kakuhle e Paris, kutheni ngaphandle yomngcwabo esiqhelekileyo ukudala umfanekiso omkhulu onjalo, ngoko nkqu sisincoko Planar. Kwi the World i-Fair 1855 akazange athathe, kodwa ijuri ekhethiweyo imisebenzi elinanye Courbet kwakhe. Kodwa musa ukuthatha umfanekiso mboniso "Atelier", apho Courbet ichaza imigaqo lakhe. Emva koko ke perturbation artist iyonke amalungiselelo yomboniso wakhe, equka canvases 40. Yena, ishicilela "Le imanifesto ngokoqobo," yaye naye abe Crash abut bonke abashumayela ngokoqobo ku titoloveta. Oku kubanga ngehlazo eluntwini.

"Le sifters ingqolowa" (1854)

Yinto eyaziwayo ukuba oku lathatha Courbet, ngokubonisa yabasebenzi yamahlwempu enzima, nodade wabo ababini yaye umhlobo lo mntwana. Le filimu ufumene isandi ochwayithileyo ngenxa umbala legolide eziqaqambileyo-red isinxibo intombazana imi embindini ubume kwaye kwangoko etsala ingqalelo. Ryzhenkaja cat cute uyalala kufuphi umfazi eziwela ongwevu, uphile umoya kwaye ngaphandle iqhosha ezinkulu. Akucaci kutheni ukuvala beqabe ucango esifubeni-esifubeni, nto leyo ifumaneka kufuphi lo mfana.

"Pergola" (1862)

Lo mfanekiso ubonisa omnye Courbet, nako ukonwabela ubuhle yabafazi, ukuthelekisa kunye roses eneentyatyambo ukwenyuka oluchumileyo kwi neepali. Ngokucacileyo kwicandelo segolide umgca idlule kwicandelo ukubunjwa, inxalenye engundoqo apho iintyatyambo ezimhlophe,-orenji kunye ebomvu. silhouette ocacileyo intombazana emi profile izandla ukuba kanye phezulu grid. imikhono bukhanye emhlophe kunye yomqala emhlophe ivumelane imibala ezisecaleni kunye ngesinxibo ithoni ingqamana izithunzi phantsi kwengalo yakhe yasekhohlo kunye amagqabi mnyama kwicala lasekhohlo lwe mfanekiso. Apha Courbet wazibonakalisa njenge colorist ngokungangqalanga.

"Imvelaphi Yehlabathi" (1866)

Andifuni ukuhlala kulo msebenzi. Yinto ebuhlungu kakhulu ukuba umntu psyche esempilweni, ababi nalo ukuzanelisa ukuba indoda ezona zinto olusondeleyo yobomi bakhe. Womzobo ichaza ukuba umntla yomfazi ngaphandle ubuso. Phambi kokuba ababukeli close-up ubonisa evulekileyo womntu obhinqileyo engaziwayo. Nanku omnye abaphandi eziqikelelwayo neemodeli imizobo "Imvelaphi Yehlabathi" (Gyustav Kurbe), nto leyo limelwe ifoto apha. Le ubumnandi mfanekiso kuphela voyeur lowo ufumana ulwaneliseko xa wabonisa esini omnye wesini lwabasebenzi nto ngakumbi. onempilo asifuneki, kwaye cinga le íOpus ayikho enqwenelekayo. Wena nje ufuna ngokukhawuleza ukulibala izinto efanayo.

Ngeli xesha, Courbet idala emininzi Imizobo inkanuko, ekukhoyo kuzo ekhethekileyo ngokuphandle "Sleepers." Le naturalism ukulahlwa wesangqa njengoko indoda esitratweni, kunye nabantu kunye namagama. Kodwa ihlala umlandeli wangumququzeleli Proudhon, Mfanekiso kabani na vali.

"Wave" (1870)

Le landscape uthathwa wobugcisa yi Courbet. Ngelaphu phantse isiqingatha sinikwe esibhakabhakeni nolwandle. Amafu zivale ivaliwe izulu. imibala yawo shimmer ukusuka nombala-eluhlaza ukuya emfusa-pink kunye mihle ngobuhle bayo. amaza umbala libamba zonke abanalo oluhlaza, ukudala iintlobo yeziphumo umbala enzonzobila. Linikeza ngokupheleleyo amandla emvelo. Le artist yathinjwa sihloko wabhala uthotho ngemisebenzi, nto leyo ibonisa iintlobo ezahlukeneyo Etretat kunye ulwandle ngamandla noko amnye ebantwini.

Ngowe-1871, igcisa kakhulu yayinepolitiki uthatha indima ebonakalayo izenzo eParis Thethani. Emva kwako oko wabekwa ukubhukuqwa column Vandom. Emva koko Courbet waba entolongweni, waza wagwetywa ukuba ahlawule imali enkulu. wabaleka eSwitzerland, apho wafela khona ubuhlwempu ngokupheleleyo yena.

Oku kubanga yokusabela oluxubeneyo kakhulu njengoko indoda umculi Gyustav Kurbe, omsebenzi kwaye ngoku angazishiyi abantu diki. Oku kubonisa italente ukuqina nobuntu enamandla lo ngumzobi.