Book fantasy: ntoni ukufunda? Fantasy uthando ephethe intsontelo popadantsah, malunga neempungutye

Namhlanje kwii-shelves zeentengiso unokufumana inani elikhulu leencwadi ezahlukeneyo. Nangona kunjalo, uninzi lwababhali alukwazi nje. Ngako oko, ngokukhawuleza umbuzo uvela: "Yintoni ekufuneka uyifunde?" Ingcamango kule ngongoma yenye yezona zihlobo ezidumileyo. Kwaye kweli nqaku sazama ukuqokelela iincwadi ezilungileyo zeli candelo kwincwadi ukuze sincede umfundi aqonde impendulo. Ngokubanzi, qhubeka.

Iincwadi ezilungileyo kakhulu zefantasy

Ngoko, sifunda ntoni? Ubungqina, njengokuba abaninzi bayazi, unamacandelwana amaninzi. Le yintsikelelo yothando, kunye needolophini, kunye nabantwana, kunye nomnyama, kunye neSlavic, kunye ne-epic, njl. Nika uluhlu lwezinto ezibonakalayo kwinqaku elilodwa alinakwenzeka, ngoko ke siza kubhala iincwadi ezilishumi ezilungileyo kakhulu ezibhalwa kwizinto eziyindalo .

"INkosi yeengcango"

Yintoni enokuyifunda (imfesane)? Ngaloo ncwadi, uJ. J. Tolkien, mhlawumbi, wonk 'umntu wakuva, nangona akazange afunde okanye angazange abukele i-kinotrilogy eyaziwayo. Ngesihlandlo sokuqala le fantasy epantasy epic yashicilelwa kwi-1954 ekude. Yaye yaba ngumsebenzi ogqwesileyo kakhulu wale ndlela, evelise ezininzi iimpawu kunye neziqu.

"INkosi yeeNgxowa" yenziwa njengencwadi enye, kodwa umthamo wayo wawukhulu kakhulu, ngoko indlu yokupapasha ihlongozwa ukuba ihlule ibe yimibandela emithathu: "Ubuzalwana Bombhobho", "Iinqaba ezimbini", "Ukubuya koKumkani". Kwaye nanamhlanje le ncwadi iyapapashwa kwiindawo ezintathu.

Ibali livela kwihlabathi elifanayo eliyicala elidalwe "Hobbit". Umlingisi oyintloko ngu-hobbit Frodo, oza kutshabalalisa iKhotho yoMandla onke, enamandla amakhulu omnyama.

"Ingoma ye-Ice kunye neFlamme"

Ukuba ukhangele okokufunda kumbono, kungekhona ukuza, ke lo mjikelo ungowakho. Uludwe lweeveli zengqungquthela zikaJ. Martin zaza zaziwa kwiRashiya emva kokukhululwa ngo-2012 kwimixholo ethi "Umdlalo weZihlalo zobukhosi" esekelwe kwiincwadi. Incwadi yokuqala yoluhlu lwapapashwa ngo-1991. Kwaye ke kuphela izigaba ezintathu zaza zakhulelwa. Nangona kunjalo, umjikelo kamva wanda. Okwangoku, kuye kwakhishwa imiqulu emihlanu, kwaye eminye emibini iyasebenza.

Iingxenye ezintathu zokuqala zeveliveli zanikezelwa umvuzo "Locus" ngencwadana engcono yefantasy. Kamva, umbhali wapapasha amanqaku angama-novellas prequel kwiinkalo eziphambili, ezanikezelwa ngamabhaso amaninzi.

Kuza kube yimini, le ngenye yeembambano ezithandwa kakhulu, eziguqulelwe kwiilwimi ezingama-45.

Imikhosi ka-Amber

Yintoni ekufuneka uyifunde (fantasy) okwamanje? Inketho egqibeleleyo - uchungechunge lweencwadi ze-American science fiction writer Roger Zelazny. Umjikelezo uqukethe iincwadi ezili-10, ezahlula zibe ziincinci ezimbini kwiincwadi ezintlanu. Incwadi yokuqala - "Izikhulu eziNtsundu ze-Amber" - yapapashwa ngowe-1970, kwaye ngowokugqibela - "iNkosana yeChaos" - ngo-1991.

Inxalenye yokuqala yechungechunge, enesihloko esithi "I-Pentateuch Corvina" ichaza ngobomi beCrint Corwin. Iqhawe eliyinxalenye yesibini, inxalenye ethi "Pentateuch yaseMerlin", yindodana yakhe uMerlin.

Iphela yendalo iincwadi zehlabathi ezifanayo "zibonakalisa" zehlabathi zomyalelo we-Amber kunye neenkundla zeChaos. Ezi zehlabathi zesekondari ziyakwazi ukuhamba, kwaye zisondele ngakumbi kwenye yezibonda, ngaphezulu kwazo. Kuphela kwindalo yabantu abakwazi ukuhamba phakathi kwezi hlabathi ezifanayo. Esi sipho sithandwa ngabo bonke abantwana bakaKumkani u-Amber wase-Oberon.

"Harry Potter"

Yintoni yokufunda inomdla kwi-fantasy? Uchungechunge lweencwadi malunga nomfana wizard unokunqoba intliziyo ingengomntwana kuphela, kodwa nangomntu omdala. Umjikelo unemiqulu yesixhenxe, eyaqala ukupapasha ukususela ngo-1997. Incwadi yokugqibela yochungechunge - "uHarry Potter kunye neHillly Hallows" - yapapashwa ngo-2007.

Umjikelo ungumxube weendidi ezininzi. Le ngongoma eqhelekileyo, kunye neveveli yentsha, ngaphezu kweemeko zomcuphi, i-adventure, intlonelo, ibali lomthando. Ukongeza, isicatshulwa somsebenzi iqulethe iinkcukacha ezininzi zenkcubeko. Nangona i-novel ijoliswe kubantwana, ukukhwela kwi-intanethi enye yodliwano-ndlebe yathi iqhawe elikhulu leencwadi zakhe kukufa. Kwakhona kubalulekile ukuba umjikelezo uthintele kwizihloko ezifana neenkohlakalo kunye nokucalula.

"Inkemba Yenyaniso"

Omnye umjikelo omkhulu kwizinto ezahlukileyo. Ukuthatha okusemandleni kweli gama kuthetha ukunqoba kuphela iincwadi zomjikelezo oyintloko - zabo ezili-11, kodwa kunye ne-no-5 ne-novels ezi-spin-offs. Umlobi wechungechunge nguTerry Goodkind, umlobi owaziwayo waseMelika oyinyaniso. Inombolo yokuqala yanyatheliswa ngo-1994 kwaye yabizwa ngokuba ngu "Umthetho wokuqala weWizard".

Umlingisi oyintloko weeveli, uRichard Cypher, okhonza njengomqhubi wehlathi. Nangona kunjalo, kungekudala ubomi bakhe buguquka ngokukhawuleza. Kuvela ukuba uyindlalifa yendlu yobukhosi yaseRalov. Oku kwenza ukuba abe nguMfunayo weNyaniso kunye nomlawuli wangempela wolawulo luka-D'Har.

Ngoku, kunye nomkhulu wakhe uZedd, umlindi wesigaba sokuqala, kufuneka anqobe iimvavanyo ezininzi, fumana abahlobo abatsha kunye nabadibeneyo. Kodwa iinjongo zayo eziphambili kukukhulula amaMidiya aseMbindi ukusuka kumnqobi kunye nomtyholi kwaye ekugqibeleni abe ngumlindi omkhulu.

I-Dark Tower

"Inqaba Yomnyama" - umjikelo odumile wenkosi uSteper King. Iincwadi zabhalwa kwintlangano yeendidi ezininzi: imbali, inkohlakalo, inzululwazi, intshona, njl. Ngokonke, uchungechunge luquka iireveli ezisibhozo, ezipapashwe ukususela ngo-1982 ukuya ku-2012.

Umjikelezo uchaza malunga nokuguqulwa komlenze ogama linguRoland Deschain, okhangele i-Dark Tower. UKum ngokwakhe ubiza lo mjikelezo umsebenzi wakhe obalulekileyo ebomini. Uchungechunge lwe-Dark Tower luquka abantu abaninzi, iingqungquthela, iingcamango, iindaba ezivela kwezinye iincwadi zombhali ezingahambisani ngokupheleleyo ne "Dark Tower".

Umboniso we-protagonist yomjikelezo kwakuyiqhawe elingenamagama elivela kwiinkquthela zefilimu nguClint Eastwood "I-Dollar Trilogy." Roland - umgca wokugcina kwi-Order yaseRiflemen yakudala. Umsebenzi wayo kukuseka umgangatho kwihlabathi. Ukuba ufikelela kwiziko lazo zonke ihlabathi, i-Dark Tower, kwaye unyuke esiqongweni sayo, unokubona ukuba ngubani olawula yonke indawo.

"Ihlabathi elityebileyo"

Ukuba uzama ukuphendula umbuzo malunga nokokufunda kumaphunga, ungaziqheki kude, ngoko iincwadi zikaTerry Pratchett ziya kuba yimpendulo enhle kakhulu. Uchungechunge lweenveveli malunga neHlabathi yePlates, okanye iDiski yehlabathi, ibhaliwe kwintlobo yefantasy ehlekisayo, eyabangela ukuba uyathandwa ngokubanzi phakathi kwabafundi. Ukongezelela, iincwadi zikaPratchett ziphawulekayo kwizinto eziphezulu kunye neembonakaliso ezincinci zonke kwi-vein efanayo.

Isenzo seenveveli senzeka kwiplanethi emnandi, enefomu yediski. Leli hlabathi linemithetho yalo yemvelo: kumbhobho wemibala e-8, kukho umlingo, ukukhanya kuhamba ngokukhawuleza. Kule ndawo, zonke iinkolelo ziba yinyani. Kwaye iDisk Disk ngokwayo ihlala emacaleni amane endlovu, apho kwakhona, imele ihlumelo elikhulu elibizwa ngeGreat A'Tuin.

I-Saga yabona

Umlobi waseMerika uRobin Hobb eYurophu akwaziwa, kodwa eYurophu imisebenzi yakhe ithandwa kakhulu kwaye uyathandwa.

Umjikelo othi "I-Saga yaboneleli" iqulethwe iincwadi zentathu: "Umfundi woMbulali", "I-Royal Assassin", "I-Wanderer's Wanderings". Zonke zibhalwa kwintlobo yeengcinga zengqondo kunye neentambo. Yilolu chungechunge olwenzela uRobin Hobb udumo lwehlabathi lonke. Iincwadi zabizwa ngokuba ngumjikelezo omhle wefantasy wee-90.

I-protagonist yeenveveli nguFitz, umgcini wesihlalo sobukhosi, owakhula phakathi kwabakhonzi. Ngokomyalelo wenkosi, umkhulu wenkwenkwana, waqeqeshwa njengombulali ofihlakeleyo ukususela ebuntwaneni. Ubomi bentombazana encinci bezingqonge ukunyundela, ukugwenxa, ukunyelisa nokunyeliswa. NguFitz oza kunceda ilizwe lisinde kwixesha elinzima, apho umbusi wakhe ogulayo kunye nobuthathaka, ubutha beendlalifa zetrone kunye neengcambu zegazi.

"Earthsea"

Yiyiphi imbali edumileyo? Mhlawumbi omnye wabadlali abakhulu beli sihloko ngumjikelezo we-Ursula Le Guin "Earthsea". Uchungechunge lubandakanya iincwadi ezithandathu, ezibandakanya iveliveli kunye neqoqo elilodwa lamabali amfutshane "Iingxelo ze-Earthsea". Ukongezelela, umjikelezo uquka amabini amabini - "UMthetho wamaGama" kunye "neLizwi loKhululwa."

Umhlaba we-Earthsea yi-archipelago, equkethe inani elininzi leziqithi ezihlala zizidalwa ezahlukahlukeneyo zemilingo kunye nabantu abaqhelekileyo. Kwakhona ulapha umlingo weNyaniso yeNtetho, okokuba nayiphi na into enegama lenene. Ukwazi eli gama linyani, i-mage ingakwazi ukulawula into okanye ukuhlala.

Iqhawe leyona ininzi yeembalo zengqungquthela nguGed, ngubani oya kuqonda ubugcisa bemilingo aze abe yindoda enkulu.

Imikhosi yaseNarnia

Umjikelezo, obhalwe nguClive S. Lewis, uquka iincwadi ezisixhenxe zeenganekwane. Ezi ziveli zixelela malunga neentlobo zabantwana abahlala ngexesha leMfazwe Yehlabathi yesiBini. AmaHlathi awela kumhlaba wemilingo othiwa uNarnia. Nazi izilwanyana eziphilayo zithetha ngolwimi lwabantu, zibahlalutya abanamandla, kwaye zijikeleze khona umzabalazo ongapheliyo phakathi kokulungileyo nokubi.

KwiiKronike zeNarnia, kukho ezininzi iingxelo zamaKristu. Ukongezelela, kwiincwadi zikho izalathisi ezivela kwi-Mythology yamaRoma kunye neGrike.

Incwadi yokuqala ibizwa ngokuba yiNgonyama, i-Witch kunye ne-Wardrobe kwaye yapapashwa ngo-1950. Inxalenye yokugqibela- "Inkqubela yokugqibela" -yapapashwa ngo-1956. Nangona ukuba umjikelezo ubhaliwe kwisiqingatha kwinkulungwane edlulileyo, kudla kakhulu phakathi kwabantwana kuze kube namhlanje.

Intsomi yamaRoma: yintoni eyokufunda?

Imfesane yothando yinto ethandwa kakhulu, ngakumbi phakathi kwezesondo ezifanelekileyo. Kule nto ayikho into emangalisa, kuba kwiincwadi ezinjalo zidibene kunye nebali elithintekayo yothando, kunye nebali elimnandi.

Ngoko ke, ukuba uthanda imbali yamabhinqa, yintoni ozoyifunda?

Ungaqala ngencwadi ethi "Black Yangar" uKarina Demina. Leli ibali malunga nomntu omnyama waseYangar, oyena mqhubi omninzi waseNyakatho, owathi wagqiba ukutshata noPirkko, kodwa kunoko wathola udade wakhe ongekho mthethweni u-Inna. Ingxelo yencwadi i-stylized as epic.

I-Tatyana Zaychenko "I-Silver Flame" nayo inokuthi ibangelwa yinto efana neyomfazi. Yintoni ekufuneka uyifunde, ukuba ufuna ukuphonsa kwi-story story? Uwubuza lo mbuzo? Emva koko yima ingqalelo yakho kule ncwadi. Incwadana ichaza indlela intlungu yomzwelo kunye nokunyaniseka kungaba sisiseko sokuqala kolwalamano olutsha.

Incwadana ethi "Winterfield" nguNatalia Ipatova uxelela ngothando lwabadala aseGermard ye-Borders kunye nentombikazi yentombi. Inombolo yabo iya kuqala ngelokuba iqhawe elinamandla liya kufundiswa ukuba lifundise intombazana encinci, kodwa ekugqibeleni iya kumfundisa ukuba azive ngokwenene.

"I-Cinderella ukusuka kwindawo yokuthungela kwinqanaba" uKauri Lesssy uyindoda enhle malunga nendlela inkosikazi encinci yokulala, eyayilahlekelwa ngumyeni wayo, iyakuthandana nomfokazi owayehlala kwindawo yakhe. Nangona kunjalo, akusiyo yonke into elula, kwaye kungekudala i heroine iya kucacisa ukuba akuzona nje iimeko kunye nesimo sakhe emphakathini onokuluhlula kunye nentanda yakhe, kodwa nesityholo esibi esiya kuba sibi ngakumbi kunoma yiyiphi inxaxheba yabantu.

"I-Twilight" nguStephanie Meyer - namhlanje ngumnye wezijikelezo ezidumileyo ngokuphathelele uthando. Ibali lichaza ngobudlelwane beentombazana eziqhelekileyo kunye ne-vampire eneminyaka eyi-100 kunye ne-youngwolf. Lo msebenzi ngowomnye umzekelo omhle wokumangalisa ngothando.

Yintoni oyifunayo? Uthando, i-adventure, ingozi-ezi ziyinxalenye yefantasy yomfazi. Kwaye umzekelo wencwadi enjalo unokusebenza njengomsebenzi othi "i-Boltovye dolls" ngu-Elena Kocheshkova. Kuyo, phakathi kwezinye izinto, idibanisa amabali amabali amabini. Umntu wokuqala uxelela intombazana evela kwihlabathi langempela, kwaye isibini ichaza ngelinye ihlabathi apho abalinganiswa abasemgangathweni baya kuba ngabadlali besetempileni likaThixokazikazi.

Incwadana ethi "Indlela yokuwa ngothando nomlwi" nguDi Diana Olkhovitskaya inamalungu amabini, echaza ngomlingo onetalente kunye neqhawe elinamandla. Ubuhlobo babo obuyinkimbinkimbi bukhula ngokubhekiselele kwimiba engapheliyo kunye neentlanga.

Ngoku uyazi ukuba ufunde ntoni kumbono wothando. Kwaye xa ixesha elizayo ufumana kwi-bookstock, kuya kuba lula kuwe ukuba wenze isigqibo malunga nokukhetha.

Ubungcamango malunga needonons

Ukuba unomdla kwimpendulo yombuzo malunga nokufundwa kumbono ngomgca wothando, ke ungagxininisi nje kuphela kumbono wesithandana, ekubeni phantse yonke inomxholo inomnye umnye.

Ngokomzekelo, uchungechunge lweChristopher Paolini "iGugu", eliqukethe ezine iincwadi. Eli bali ibali elincinane elingu-Eragon kunye nomhlobo wakhe othembekileyo uDraconian Sapphira. Ukongezelela, le ncwadi inomdla wothando malunga nobudlelwane bebhola kunye ne-elya ye-Arya. Inombolo yokuqala ye-tetralogy yayingu "Eragon", epapashwe ngo-2003. Le ncwadi yenziwe ngo-2011. ERashiya ngeli xesha kuphela iincwadi zokuqala ezintathu ziguqulelwe.

Olunye uvelwano, apho omnye wabalinganiswa abakhulu yinjoka, yincwadi kaJ. J. Tolkien "I-Hobbit, okanye i-Back and Back." USmoug yintlanzi, i-villain yomsebenzi waloo msebenzi, nguye umzekelo wokuhaha nokubi. Kulokulwa naye ukuba ama-gnomes ahamba, awathatha kuyo indlu, i-hobbit, ejwayele ukuthuthuzela nokuphila ubomi, kunye no-Gandalf, umlusi omkhulu onokuzifihlelwa kubahlobo bakhe.

Ngomjikelezo othi "UWercher" noAndrzej Sapkowski, ii-dragons zihlala zidibana. Ngokungafani nezilo ezithi zibulale, iidonons zizidalwa ezihlakaniphile ezinokuthi zibe ngabantu. Yingakho ukubulala iirons kungavumelekile. Ukongezelela, uchungechunge lweWitcher linamanye amanzuzo: ukufundwa ngokumangalisayo kwehlabathi kunye nabalingiswa, imidlalo exakekayo yezopolitiko kunye neengcungcutheko eziqhubekayo, umzabalazo ongapheliyo wamandla namandla, apho uGeralt uhamba khona ukuba abe yintanethi. Lo mjikelo ufanelekile ukufunda kuwo wonke umculi wefantasy kunye nefantasy.

Yintoni enokuyifunda (imfesane)? Popadantsy

Iincwadi malunga namaqhawe afika kwihlabathi lokwenene elivela kwihlabathi langempela liye lithandwa kakhulu. Enyanisweni, le ngenye yezicwangciso eziyinqobo zohlobo lwefantasy.

Wayehlala eshukumisa amaqhawe akhe kwezinye ihlabathi kunye no-Andrei Belyanin. Oku kubhekisela kwimigqaliselo edumileyo yombhali - "Uphando olufihlakeleyo kuKumkani weePeas" kunye "Inkemba ngaphandle kwegama."

Kwimeko yokuqala, umlingisi oyintloko uNicita Ivashov, u-lieutenant wamapolisa, ufika kwihlabathi lamatshana aseRashiya. Ufumanisa uvalelwe kwindawo esezantsi kwidolophana, kodwa uBaba-yaga usukhululile ejele. Kuza kube yimhla, umjikelezo uquka iireveli ezili-9 kwaye ithathwa njengengagqitywanga.

Kwisihloko esithi "Inkemba ngaphandle kwegama", echaza malunga neentlanga zeNkosi uSpnnok, umlingisi ophezulu ufikelela kwihlabathi lefeyari elivela kwinyani. Oku kwenzeka kuye ngexesha lomthendeleko wobugcisa bomntu. Umjikelezo uquka iireveli ezintathu: "Inkemba ngaphandle kwegama," "I-Landgrave enobubi," "Ixesha leSt. Skimnok." Lo msebenzi wawuzisa udumo lwaseBelyanin.

Iqhawe lomjikelezo wePavel Kornev "I-Borderland" ivela kwizinto eziyinyaniso kuye kwihlabathi, apho umda phakathi kweqiniso kunye nehlabathi lobuxoki. Ubungqina beli chungechunge kukuba, ngaphezu kwendlela yokuziphatha, i-space space ngokwawo iwela kwihlabathi le-surreal. Ukongeza, phantse bonke abalinganiswa kwiimvanoveli bahlaselwa.

Omnye umjikelo malunga nabahambi phakathi kwehlabathi - "Ihlabathi lee-edge" "K. Muraviev. I-protagonist ngumfundi, ihlabathi elingaqhelekanga lifikelela kwindawo eyiyo kuzo zonke iintshukumo zokuzifumana kunye nokufumana okungavamile. Leli hlabathi elitsha lidalwe yimithetho yemilingo, kwaye iqhawe liya kufuneka lifunde kwaye lizame ukungabi lihlelo ebomini.

Siyathemba ukuba eli nqaku likuncede ukuba uphendule umbuzo malunga nokuba yiyiphi incwadi yefantasy yokufunda, kwaye yaba yinto encedo kakhulu.