Nokususwa Manual of beendawo: iindlela kunye nokusebenza kwezixhobo

Beendawo - sakhiwo ekuvumela ukuthwala umntwana esibelekweni. It awasindise izondlo olungekazalwa, ukhusela ukusuka kwi bume lwangaphakathi zomzimba unina uvelisa iihomoni eziyimfuneko lokugcina ukukhulelwa, kwaye abaninzi imisebenzi eyahlukeneyo, apho sinako ndicinga kuphela.

ukubunjwa ngumkhaya

benazo ngumkhaya iqala ngala mzuzu xa iqanda incamathela eludongeni zesibeleko. Endometrium sikhula kunye iqanda, ukulungisa ngokuqinileyo ukuya kudonga isibeleko. Kwindawo zoqhagamshelwano elilodwa kunye ngumkhaya uxakaxa ekhula ngokuhamba kwexesha. I ekuthiwa placentation iqala kwiveki yesithathu yokukhulelwa. Ide kwiveki wesithandathu iqokobhe osandul kuthiwa chorion.

Phambi kwiveki elinesibini ngumkhaya akukho histological ecacileyo kunye nesakhiwo yokwakheka, kodwa emva, kude kube phakathi ezintathu wesithathu, abe ngokohlobo disc iqhotyoshelwe eludongeni zesibeleko. Kwicala yangaphandle ukuba usana imfesane yosana liphela, yaye icala bangaphakathi komhlaba kunye okuzenzela leyo ziyabuya egazini koomama.

umsebenzi placental

isihlalo Child yakha unxulumano phakathi kwimveku kunye emzimbeni kamama ngokutshintshiselana igazi. Oku kubizwa ngokuba umqobo gematoplatsentarny. Morphologically iyi migqomo abaselula ngeendonga ezingcakacileyo leyo zenze villi entle lonke kumphezulu placental. Zihlanganiswe kunye izikhewu ibekwe eludongeni wesibeleko, kunye negazi ujikeleza phakathi kwazo. Le ndlela inika yonke imisebenzi igunya:

1. Gas exchange. Oksijini nosebenzela igazi koomama uwela ndingekazalwa, babuyiselwa carbon dioxide.
2. Nutrition kunye nokukhetha. Kungenxa ngumkhaya ukuba umntwana ufumana zonke izinto eziyimfuneko ukuze ukukhula kunye nophuhliso bako: amanzi, iivithamini, iiminerali, electrolytes. Kwaye emva kokuba umbungu metabolizes kubo urea, creatinine, kunye nezinye iikhompawundi zonke isebenzisa beendawo.
3. umsebenzi hormone. Ngumkhaya likhipha iincindi zamadlala negalelo lokukhulelwa: dlala, chorionic kwabantu gonadotropin, prolactin. Kumanqanaba okuqala le ndima kuthatha kwi umzimba etyheli, ibekwe isizalo.
4. Protection. isithintelo Gematoplatsentarny kuthintela ezisegazini ligazi sikanina ukungena egazini sana, ukongeza, ngumkhaya ayilwamkeli iziyobisi ezininzi, iiseli zabo omzimba nabajikelezisa nezakhiwo omzimba. Noko ke, akubonakali ukuba iziyobisi, utywala, inicotine, kunye neentsholongwane.

Ubungakanani sivuthiwe ngumkhaya

Ubungakanani nokwanda ngumkhaya kuxhomekeke ngexesha lokukhulelwa. Le umzimba ukhula kunye neziqhamo babulala emva kokuzalwa kwakhe. Kukho degrees ezine sivuthiwe ngumkhaya:

• Zero - kwixesha eqhelekileyo ukukhulelwa ihlala ukuya kwiinyanga ezisixhenxe month. Kuyinto ibhityile kakhulu, nengenachaphaza ziyanda kwaye kudala izikhewu ezintsha.
• Okokuqala - elivumelana kwinyanga yesibhozo sokukhulelwa. ukukhula placental iyeka, kuba mkhulu. Le yenye maxesha ezininzi kakhulu kubomi ngumkhaya, nkqu ngoncedo olungephi kunokubangela lamabutho semehlo.
• Okwesibini - kuyaqhubeka de kube sekupheleni yokukhulelwa. Ngumkhaya sele ziqala ukukhula ubudala, emva kweenyanga ezilithoba yomsebenzi onzima, yena ekulungele ukushiya lweHo- zesibeleko emva kokuba umntwana.
• Okwesithathu - kungenziwa ndazigcina kwiveki wamashumi omathathu anesixhenxe yokumitha, olubandakanyayo. Le ukuguga umzimba ongowemvelo, nto leyo eye umsebenzi wawo.

placental

Amaninzi ise beendawo kudonga elingasemva isibeleko okanye itshintshela eludongeni ecaleni. Kodwa ke ngokuqinisekileyo unako ukufumana phandle kuphela xa ezimbini kwezintathu ukukhulelwa iphelile. Oku kubangelwa yinto yokuba wesibeleko uyakhula ngobukhulu yaye litshintsha ukwakheka kwalo, kwaye ngumkhaya ihamba kunye nayo.

Ngokuqhelekileyo ngethuba loviwo ultrasound lwangoku, ugqirha uthi indawo ngumkhaya ukuphakama kwawo ngokuphathelele kulo kuthinjwe zesibeleko umqala. Ngokwesiqhelo, le ngumkhaya phezu kodonga umva liphezulu. iisentimitha ubuncinane asixhenxe kufanele sibe phakathi ngohlangothi engaphakathi umqala kunye ngumkhaya ezintathu lesithathu. Ngamanye amaxesha nokuba nezilwanyane ezirhubuluzayo nezinambuzane emazantsi isibeleko. Nangona iingcali zikholelwa ukuba eli lungiselelo, nathi, akuqinisekisi wokuthumela ngempumelelo. Ukuba eli nani lingaphantsi, ngoko ke obstetricians ugqirha athethe ngayo beendawo ezisezantsi zogqunyelelwe. Ukuba indawo emqaleni inwebu ngumkhaya abakhoyo, oko womyoleli kolwalo uluvo.

Kukho iindidi ezintathu previa:

1. Full xa imihlathi engaphakathi ivaliwe beendawo. Ngoko ke xa kuthe looding ngaphambi na ukopha elikhulu, nto leyo iza kuqulatha ukufa olungekazalwa.
2. A libomvu ubuso kuthetha ukuba shedi igutyungelwe akukho ngaphezu kokuba wesithathu.
3. previa ezihlelelekileyo elibekwe xa ngohlangothi placental kufika emlonyeni, kodwa hamba ngayo. Oku sisiphumo kuFeliks.

amaxesha kwezidingo

ukunikezelwa komzimba Normal iqala ngalo mzuzu kwe yimbonakalo izishunqulelo rhoqo rhoqo phakathi. Xa nokubeleka, kukho amathathu amaxesha yabasebenzi.

Ixesha lokuqala - i dilatation wesibeleko. Luzalwa kufuneka ilungiswe ngenxa yokuba kwimveku iza ihamba phezu kwabo. Kufuneka ukwandisa babe bhetyebhetye yeentloni ngakumbi. Ekuqaleni kwethuba lokuqala dilatation wesibeleko - iisentimitha nje emibini, okanye omnye umnwe obstetrician, kwaye ekupheleni kufuneka zifike iisentimitha ezilishumi okanye elinambini ugqithe inqindi. Kuphela kule meko intloko usana azalwe. Kwiimeko ezininzi, ekupheleni kwexesha oko kwenzeka disclosure amniorrhea. Iyonke inyathelo lokuqala ihlala phakathi ezilithoba elinababini iiyure.

Ithuba lesibini ibizwa ngokuba ukugxothwa olungekazalwa. Le izishunqulelo indawo yimizamo ezingento, fundus yancitshiswa ngamandla kwaye utyhala umntwana. Isiqhamo ehamba emjelweni sokuzalwa, nokubuyela ngokutsho kwendlela ezakhiwe ngayo isinqe. Ngokuxhomekeke intshumayelo umntwana azalwe intloko nokuba liesile, kodwa obstetrician kufuneka akwazi ukunceda ukuba azalwe kuso nasiphi na isikhundla.

Ithuba wesithathu ibizwa ulandelelwano kwaye iqala ekuzalweni iphela kunye ukubonakala ngumkhaya. Ngesiqhelo it ihlala isiqingatha seyure, yaye emva kwemizuzu elishumi elinesihlanu esahlula ngumkhaya kususela eludongeni zesibeleko kunye amalinge yokugqibela wagxothwa kwasesizalweni.

Ulibaziseko kulandelwe yokuzahlula

Izizathu zokulibaziseka ngumkhaya kuloo ndawo ibinomthwebeba zesibeleko inokuba hypotension ukwenyuselwa beendawo yayo, isakhiwo okanye indawo ngumkhaya anomaly, fusion placental aseludongeni zesibeleko. Imiba yomngcipheko kulo mzekelo izifo yokukrala endometrium, iziva ukusuka Uqhaqho, fibroids zesibeleko, kwakunye imbali kwezisu.

Igcinwe beendawo uphawu owophayo kwinqanaba sesithathu yomsebenzi emva kwayo. Ngamanye amaxesha wegazi ibingafumaneki ngoko nangoko, kwaye oluhlala kwi wesibeleko. Ezo igazi ubugqi kunokukhokelela ukopha kukothuka.

ngumkhaya anyuswe

Ngumkhaya accreta ebizwa ukuthanda kwakhe ngokuqinileyo ukuya eludongeni zesibeleko. Ngumkhaya banokulala kwi isifo, kufuneka sokuvalwa zesibeleko eludongeni ukuba ahlasele umaleko dystrophy okubo bonke ungqameko, nkqu uthinte peritoneum.

ukususwa Manual of ngumkhaya kunokwenzeka kuphela kwimeko yokunyuka-isidanga sokuqala, oko kukuthi, xa ngokuqinileyo ukuya isifo. Kodwa ukuba ukwenyuselwa lifikelele kwiqondo lesibini okanye elesithathu, ke wena kufuneke uqhaqho ethile. Ngokuqhelekileyo, ultrasound zingahlukaniswa njengokuba isihlalo umntwana iqhotyoshelwe eludongeni zesibeleko, kwaye kwangaphambili ukwenzela ukuxoxa ngale ngongoma kunye nomama elizayo. Ukuba indawo ngumkhaya enjalo ukungaqheleki ugqirha ufunda ekumitheni, ngoko ke kufuneka kuthatha malunga isisombululo nokususwa esibelekweni.

Iindlela ukuba ukususwa lwencwadi enoncedo ye beendawo

Kukho iindlela ezininzi ukwenza ukususwa manual ngumkhaya. Oko ilawulwe phezu komhlaba umfazi omithiyo isisu, xa wokugqibela njengokuba kubhaliwe extruded ukusuka wesibeleko, kwaye kwezinye iimeko, oogqirha bayanyanzelwa ukuba ngokoqobo isandla ukufumana ngumkhaya kunye nemisipha.

Avamise kakhulu ulwamkelo Abuladze, xa obstetrician umfazi ngobunono zokuthambisa udonga esiswini ngeminwe yakho, uze emva koko unika naye enotyhalo. Ngokwakhe kule ngongoma ugcina isisu ngohlobo ezibayeni longitudinal. Ekubeni uxinzelelo ngaphakathi em- ukunyuka isibeleko, kwaye kungenzeka ukuba ngumkhaya ngokwayo ezelwe. Ukongeza puerperas cannulated esinyini, uyayivuselela yindibanisela esihlunwini zesibeleko. Faka yioxytocin efakwa ukukhuthaza abasebenzi.

Ukuba ukususwa manual ngumkhaya eludongeni esiswini okungafanelekanga isebenzisa obstetrician ukuya gumbi embilwini.

okwalandela ngokwahlukana ubuchule

Technique nokususwa manual ngumkhaya uthatha phandle lee iinyama zesibeleko kwisisu. Obstetrician xa isikhuseli engenazintsholongwane yazisa isandla sakhe isibeleko. Neminwe nge ngokuxhomekeke omnye komnye, nangengalo. Ukuya wetatshi phambi kokuba ngumkhaya kunye neentshukumo kugawulwa ngononophelo ukukhanya, iyakohlula othabathela eludongeni esibelekweni. nokususwa Manual of beendawo kufuneka silumke kakhulu ukuba ukusika udonga wesibeleko kunye ukopha enkulu. Ugqirha unika ngumqondiso oncedisayo, ngoko wasidiliza intambo bayidiliza kwisihlalo umntwana ujonge phambili. Umbelekisi okwangoku iyaqhubeka ukuziva isibeleko ukususa nawuphi na ilaphu kwemfuneko kwaye uqinisekise ukuba ngaphakathi oseleyo amaqhosha ngumkhaya, njengoko oku ibangela isifo Kukudandatheka.

ukususwa Manual of ngumkhaya kwaye ibandakanya yokuthanjiswa le isibeleko, xa yenye isandla ngaphakathi ugqirha kunye nezinye ngobunono lokuboleka ngaphandle. Ngaloo busebenza ezenza wesibeleko, kwaye lifinyele. Lenquba yenzelwa phantsi zomzimba jikelele okanye wengingqi phantsi kweemeko aseptic.

Iingxaki kunye ezilwenza

Ezinobuzaza ziquka ukopha kwithuba Kukudandatheka, kunye nokothuka ukopha, ezinxulumene omkhulu ukopha empahleni beendawo. Ngaphezu koko, ukususwa manual ngumkhaya kunokuba yingozi zesibeleko perforation kunye nophuhliso Kukudandatheka endometritis okanye nokudumba. Phantsi kweemeko ezinzima kakhulu, abafazi esichengeni nje impilo yabo kunye nokukwazi ukuba abantwana kwixesha elizayo, kodwa ubomi.

ukuvimbela

Ukwenzela ukuphepha iingxaki ngexesha yabasebenzi, kufuneka bazilungiselele kakuhle umzimba wakho ukuba ukhulelwe. Kuqala kwinto zonke, usana kufuneka kucwangciswe, ngenxa yokuba isisu kumosha othile isakhiwo endometrium, nto leyo unolwalamano olwandeleyo izitulo umntwana nokukhulelwa ezilandelayo. Kuyimfuneko ukuba ukufumanisa ngexesha ukunyanga esi sifo ngaphambi kokuba isiphelo sale nkqubo genitourinary, njengoko ezichaphazela umsebenzi okuzala.

Kuyanconywa ukuba ukwahlula nomntu ongathandani ngaphandle kokusebenzisa iindlela umqobo inzalo, ukuba bagcine ulawulo nococeko kunye nokuxhasa amajoni omzimba kwithuba yasekwindla-intwasahlobo.

Idlala indima ebalulekileyo ukufaneleka lobhaliso ukukhulelwa. Kamsinya, ngcono ukwenzela umntwana. Oogqirha obstetricians nimane ukutyelela rhoqo ekliniki kokubeleka ngethuba sokukhulelwa. Qiniseka ukuba ukuthobela iingcebiso, ukuhamba, isondlo, ulale impilo nokuzilolonga, size siphephe imikhwa emibi.