Nokuma Great kwi Ugra - njengokuba kwakunjalo

Emi Ugra kukhokelele inkululeko Russia kwidyokhwe Mongolian. Lizwe kuphela likhululekile unikelo enzima, kodwa kwibala European umdlali omtsha - impangele. Russia waba free izenzo zabo.

Kwisiqingatha sesibini senkulungwane XV, indawo i-Golden hlokondiba ukuba buthathaka kakhulu ngenxa zembujiswano ingxabano. Ebuncwaneni karhulumente, nto leyo kwakhona nje imbeko eMoscow behlasela kumazwe angabamelwane, ukuba phantse lilambatha. Ubuthathaka hlokondiba lubonisa vyat ayihlasela ushkuynikov phezu kweengqukuva - Chitha, eyathi baphanga ngokupheleleyo yaye zitshiswe. Kwimpendulo kuhlasela ebhegini Khan Ahmad waqalisa ukulungiselela uhambo ukohlwaya Russian. Kwathi ngelo xesha ukuba azalise i yobuncwane engenanto. Isiphumo sale phulo yaba nokuma esiKhulu iminyaka Ugra River 1480.

Ngowe-1471, wayiqhubela umkhosi omkhulu Ahmad ahlasela Rus. Ke zonke Oka ukuwela yayivalekile yimikhosi eMoscow. Emva koko ke Mongols bayingqinga umda town Aleksin. Uhlaselo mzi ungayithandi abavikeli bakhe. Ke Tartars Wangqingwa ke udonga ngamaplanga kumasetyana neendiza, waza wammisa phezu komlilo. imikhosi Russian emi phezu kwelinye icala lomlambo, akazange eze uncedo kwesixeko ovuthayo. Emva kokuba umlilo waphuma ngoko nangoko waya emathafeni Mongolian. Ukuphendula iphulo Akhmat Moscow walile ukuba ndothulele umnqwazi loo mkhosi mkhulu kunene.

Ivan Iii ndiziphethe nkqubo esebenzayo amazwe. umfelandawonye Military sagqitywa kunye iCrimea Khan Giray Mengli, leyo hlokondiba wayonwabile umzabalazo ixesha elide. Zembujiswano kunye imfazwe phakathi Golden anayo iye yavumela eRashiya ukulungiselela kwidabi.

Moment ukuba iphulo eRashiya Akhmat wathatha kakuhle kakhulu. Ngeli xesha, Ivan III walwa kunye nabazalwana bakhe Boris kunye Andrei Volotskii ezinkulu, abachasene ukwandisa amandla amanene eMoscow. Inxalenye imikhosi sele buyisela kummandla Pskov, apho kwakukho umzabalazo kunye Order Livonian. Kwakhona, zolotaya Orda wangena umfelandawonye zomkhosi Polish ukumkani Casimir IV.

Ekuqaleni kowe-1480, Han Ahmat weza enempi enkulu kumhlaba Russian. Ukuhlangabezana ayehlasela AmaTatar, uIvan III waqalisa ingqalelo amajoni kwi elunxwemeni Oka River. Ekupheleni September, abazalwana yasebukhosini bayeka umlo kunye eMoscow kwaye wafumana ukuxolelwa, umkhosi wangena Moscow Prince. Mongol nempi wayehamba kulo ilizwe ingumbuso Lithuanian, efuna kundihlanganyela kunye Casimir IV. Kodwa yena yahlaselwa i iCrimea AmaTatar, nokunceda kodwa abakwazanga. AmaTatar waqala ukulungiselela kwibhulorho. Le ndawo yakhethwa umgama-5-sekhilomitha kwi ekudibaneni kwe Ugra lomlambo kunye Rosvyanka. Kwaliwa for kwibhulorho yaqala ngo-Oktobha 8 yaye yathatha iintsuku ezine. Ngeli xesha, uYesu wasebenzisa zokudubula okokuqala amajoni Russian. ukuhlaselwa Mongol zaye ungayithandi, kwanyanzeleka ukuba siphumele iikhilomitha ezimbalwa ukusuka emlanjeni, kwaye ekuqaleni Enkulu emi phezu Ugra.

-Thethwano zange kwakhokelela naziphi na iziphumo. Alikho icala wayefuna ukuba bavume. Ivan Iii wazama okomzuzwana imeko ixesha. Emi Ugra umlambo yaqhubeka, akukho mntu ubenobuganga ku Butha esebenzayo. I Mongols, iphulo nolangazelelo, washiya ikomkhulu lakhe ngaphandle inshorensi, yaye kweli cala ebelisiya ngamava enkulu Russian. Kuqalile kuneqabaka ngasekupheleni kweyeDwarha kwanyanzeleka AmaTatar ukuba ukunqongophala ukutya okuninzi. Kuneqabaka kwaye kwakhokelela ekubeni kusekwe womkhenkce phezu komlambo. Ngenxa yoko, uIvan Iii wagqiba ukurhoxisa phambili umganyana ukuya Borovsk, apho sasiba koba kukho indawo elula imfazwe.

Emi Ugra okhangeleka kumbukeli ongephi kubonakala abalawuli nazigqibo. Kodwa Russian Tsar nje kungekho mfuneko ukudlulisela imikhosi yazo ngaphesheya koMlambo, waphalaza igazi kwizifundo zabo. Iintshukumo njengoko Akhmad Khan wabonisa ngokungabi yokuqiniseka amakhono abo. Kwakhona backwardness kubonakala ngokucacileyo Mongols ezingalweni. amabutho Russian yayisele imipu, kwakunye nokukhusela zokunqumla ezisetyenzisiweyo zokudubula.

nokuma Great kwi Ugra kukhokelele ukukhululwa Russia esemthethweni asuka Mongol ubunganga. Kungekudala Akhmad Khan wabulala ententeni yakhe njengoko abathunywa Siberian Khan Ibaka.