Njani na: theory Norman

Ngokuba lixesha yokuqala ingcamango Norman yayisele ihambile zizazinzulu ezintathu German, G. Miller, A. and G. Schletzer Bayer, phakathi kwenkulungwane X VIII, yaye ukutyhubela iinkulungwane amabini ezayo, impikiswano ngeenxa zonke kuye zange ayeke.

Isiseko e-worldwork theory, wabeka ilivo endala, njengoko apho Eastern nokuxubana baba bakhona uncouth, ngoxa Vikings Abammisi unyawo kumazwe Slavic wazisa kunye nazo iziseko kukarhulumente kunye nokuqala inkcubeko.

Norman umbono "for" yaye "nxamnye"

Ngokuqhelekileyo, njengaye nawuphi ithiyori, uye abalandeli bayo kunye iqela, kwaye imfundiso Norman kengoko abaxhasi bayo abantu abacinga ukuba obu. iingcinga yokuqala malunga ubuthathaka e-worldwork theory zenziwa MV Lomonosov. Yaba ngeli thuba impikiswano esebenzayo kwavuka malunga nefuthe le Vikings eRashiya, nto leyo eye echo yalo kwimibhalo ababhali abaninzi. Kodwa ke eyona ngxaki antinormanistov (abantu wakhanyela le ngcamango kwi ingcambu) yaba kukungakwazi ukuphikisa isiseko salo - "The Tale of adlulileyo Iminyaka", ekubeni le mveliso liye waqaphela ngokusemthethweni njengoxwebhu yembali, umthombo wokuqala.

Nangona Normanists banika ingcaciso elithi "Rus" livela i Scandinavians, kubachasi babo bethatha nifuna ezinye iinguqulelo, ezo ubuncinane ngandlel 'ithile ukuba zithathele Norman. Bullet kule ngxoxo wabeka V. Thomsen, owathi ngo-1891 wapapasha iphepha osihloko sithi "ekuqaleni karhulumente Russian." Kuyo, yena ngelithi kubonakala imibono ezingundoqo apho waphumla ingcamango Norman, emva koko mbali ezininzi antiromanisty bafika kwisigqibo sokuba imfundiso imvelaphi yaseScandinavia Russia abaya kuthathelwa ingqalelo aqinisekisiweyo.

umdla entsha ngemvelaphi Rus kwavela kumaxesha Soviet, xa umbono kwimbali Russian ibonwa kwi bemilo we socialism. Ngeli xesha, theory Norman unenzondelelo elinye ukugxekwa sibonga AA incwadi Shakhmatova. Lo msebenzi kwanikezelwa imvelaphi nokuxubana kunye norhulumente Russian.

Ngokusekelwe kuhlalutyo yayo ingxelo yasekwa ukuba kamva, yaye unauthentic ukubhala ibali malunga abathetheli ubizo varyazheskih - lo mbhalo, leyo yayisekelwe ngemfundiso Norman lonke. Enye isincoko enkulu antinormanistskim, epapashwe kwi-20, waba incwadi ibhalwe Smirnov "iVolga Route kunye Rus yamandulo ', apho wazama ukuyiphikisa le ngcamango, usebenzisa azibhala yamandulo ngababhali Arabhu. Kwincwadi yakhe, Smirnov wasinxibelelanisa ukuvela karhulumente bamandulo Russian akukho ngendlela eyaziwayo "ukusuka Vikings kwawesiGrike amaYuda", kunye indlela iVolga "ukususela kuLwandle lweBaltic -. IVolga ukuya kuLwandle lweCaspian" Ngokutsho ingcamango yakhe, urhulumente yokuqala Russian kwasekwa kuMbindi iVolga. Ingcamango omtsha imvelaphi nokuxubana kwakunzima umdla original, Noko akukholisi, yaye ngenxa yoko akukho wafumana inkxaso naphakathi abaxhasi antinormanskoy esikolweni.

Uninzi theory Norman kuxhaswe angaphandle zizazinzulu mbali, owenza isivumo ukholwayo ukungakwazi nokuxubana ukuya zendalo self-uphuhliso ngaphandle ungenelelo langaphandle nokhokelo. Ngokukodwa, oko luyakhuthazwa ngexesha lemfazwe yamaNazi eJamani. Ukuza kuthi ga ngoku, umba lokusekwa karhulumente Russian yayeka ukuba afaneleke mbali. Kule minyaka ingama-30 idluleyo, ebhaliweyo iincwadi ezininzi ezithetha ngalo mba, kodwa ngokupheleleyo akuthethi uloyiso e-worldwork theory Norman.

A nomthelela omkhulu kunye nokubaluleka nabathetheli Varangian kwi ukuyilwa karhulumente yamandulo Russian abakwazi uwajongele okanye ukulibala, kodwa ukubaxa kakhulu ukuba kulungile. Norman antinormanskaya ngcamango banelungelo lokuba khona, nguwuphi na kubo ngokwenene yinyaniso, thina sifunde kungekudala.